Walk This Way: Ingroup Norms Determine Voting Intentions for Those Who Lack Sociopolitical Control

This research was supported by a grant number 2014/15/G/HS6/04529 awarded by the Polish National Science Centre to the second author, as well as by two grants for young researchers financed by the Faculty of Philosophy of the Jagiellonian University awarded to the first author. It was also supported by Grant no.PID2019-111549GB-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 awarded to the third author.Even though taking part in elections is one of the most direct tools to influence the socio-political system, many people choose not to vote. Research shows that this problem is especially prevalent among those citizens who do not believe they have control over social and political issues, but the question remains as to what could encourage their voting behavior. We predicted that individuals who experience low levels of control can be more susceptible to ingroup norms regarding participation in political elections than those with a high sense of sociopolitical control. Across six studies we found consistent support for this hypothesis. Specifically, people who experience decreased sociopolitical control were more likely to vote when descriptive norms (measured or manipulated) were conducive to voting. The results have important theoretical and applied implications, illuminating the boundary conditions under which people deprived of control can still be motivated to participate in a political sphere.Polish National Science Centre 2014/15/G/HS6/04529PID2019-111549GB-I00 MCIN/AEI/10.13039/50110001103

Feminist or Paternalistic: Understanding Men’s Motivations to Confront Sexism

The role of men in fighting gender inequality is a controversial issue. Literature has shown that advantaged group members can promote social change but also perpetuate status quo. We conducted three studies to examine two motivational processes that may lead men to confront sexism: an egalitarian path and a paternalistic one. Studies 1– 3 revealed that men high in benevolent sexism were more willing to confront sexism for paternalistic reasons, whereas Studies 2–3 found that men high in feminist identification were more likely to confront sexism for egalitarian reasons. Pooled analyses (Studies 1–3) supported the egalitarian and paternalistic paths underlying sexism confrontation. Moreover, Studies 2 and 3 extended these findings to collective action and engagement in the men’s activist movement that aims to reflect on male privilege (i.e., the Men for Equity movement). These results highlight the existence of various underlying motivations to confront sexism by men, as well as the limits of paternalism and the potential of feminism to motivate men to take part in other kinds of actions beyond confrontation to foster social change.This research was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through the predoctoral contract granted to LE-R (FPU14/0511) and through the excellence project granted to SL (PSI2016-79971-P)

Study of the nature and location of silver in Ag-exchanged mordenite catalysts: characterization by spectroscopic techniques

Catalysts based on Na-mordenite (symbolized as M) exchanged with 5, 10, and 15 wt % of Ag were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), extended X-ray absorption fine line structure (EXAFS), X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy (XANES) and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) to investigate the effect of different treatments on the chemical state and surface concentration of the silver species. The AgxM catalysts were analyzed in oxidizing (O2) or reducing (H2/Ar) atmospheres and also after being used in the selective catalytic reduction of NOx or in successive cycles of toluene adsorption/desorption. In calcined samples, EXAFS profiles showed two types of AgO spheres of coordination, one due to a dispersed phase of silver oxide and the other due to Ag+ ions in interaction with the oxygen of the zeolite framework. The UV-vis DRS spectra showed the coexistence of isolated Ag+, Agn(delta)+ (n < 10) cationic clusters and AgxO particles. In addition, through the modified Auger parameter (alpha), calculated from XPS measurements, it was possible to identify Ag+ ions at exchange sites (alpha = 722 eV) and AgxO ( alpha = 725 eV) highly dispersed on the surface. Both species constitute stable active centers for the selective catalytic reduction of NOx under severe reaction conditions. However, during the adsorption-desorption of toluene, the reduction of silver oxides produces Ag(0) due to thermal hydrocarbon decomposition.Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicada

Versión Transcultural del Cuestionario de Personalidad de Zuckerman-Kuhlman (ZKPQ-50-CC) en Población Argentina

The aim of this study was to provide evidence of the validity of the ZKPQ-50-CC in the Argentinean population. The ZKPQ-50-CC is a brief personality measure to assess Zuckerman's Alternative Five-Factor Model. This instrument was simultaneously developed in different countries and languages, which makes it of special interest to cross-cultural research. The sample consisted of 895 adults selected from the general population in the city of Mar del Plata (Argentina). Psychometric analysis included dimensional validity, reliability and differences due to gender and age. The results yielded a five-factor structure which was consistent with the model, acceptable degrees of internal consistency, and age and gender differences for the scales. Overall, the results were consistent with the original instrument, although there were some slight differences. The findings provide evidence of the validity of the ZKPQ-50-CC in a cultural context different from those in which the instrument was developed. Further psychometric research is needed to assess the validity of the questionnaire, such as its convergent validity, test-re-test reliability and robustness against social desirability bias.El objetivo del presente trabajo fue proporcionar evidencia de validez para los puntajes del cuestionario de personalidad ZKPQ-50-CC en población argentina. Este instrumento fue desarrollado simultáneamente en varios países e idiomas, lo que le otorga un especial interés para la investigación transcultural. Se trabajó con una muestra de 895 adultos de población general de la ciudad de Mar del Plata. Se analizaron la validez estructural, la fiabilidad de las escalas y posibles diferencias en los puntajes debidos al género y la edad. Se obtuvo una estructura penta-factorial acorde con el modelo. La estructura replicó la del estudio original. Los niveles de fiabilidad fueron aceptables, y las diferencias de edad y género observadas fueron acordes con la literatura previa. Los hallazgos ofrecen evidencia de validez para el cuestionario ZKPQ-50-CC en un contexto cultural diferente al de los estudios originales. Se requieren estudios de validez complementarios que evalúen otras cualidades psicométricas como la confiabilidad test-re-test, la validez convergente con otras medidas de personalidad y su robustez frente a sesgos de respuesta

Influence of early romantic relationships on adolescents' sexism

The aim of this study was to analyse the influence of romantic relationships on adolescents sexism. We primed some of the participants with their past and/or present relationship experiences before assessing their sexism. A sample of 130 adolescents (67 boys and 63 girls) from Spanish high schools participated in the study. Half of them were asked to report on their relationship experience first before responding to an ambivalent sexism inventory. The other half of the sample responded first to the sexism inventory and then reported on their relationship experience. The results of this study showed that when participants relationship experiences were primed, they reported higher endorsement of sexist beliefs: boys reported higher BS and HS, whereas girls reported higher BS.El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la influencia que las primeras relaciones de pareja tienen en el sexismo de los y las adolescentes. Para ello, utilizamos un procedimiento que hizo salientes a algunos de los participantes sus experiencias pasadas y actuales de pareja, antes de evaluar su sexismo. Participaron en el estudio 130 adolescentes (67 chicos y 63 chicas) de centros educativos españoles. A la mitad de la muestra, se le solicitó que informaran sobre sus relaciones de pareja antes de responder a un cuestionario que medía el sexismo ambivalente. La otra mitad cumplimentó inicialmente el cuestionario de sexismo y después informó de sus relaciones de pareja. Los resultados de este estudio mostraron que al hacer salientes las relaciones de pareja, el sexismo informado por las personas participantes es mayor: en el caso de los chicos, tanto el SB como el SH, y en el caso de las chicas, el S

The implicit association test: A methodological review

Los modelos de cognición social implícita han hecho importantes aportes metodológicos a la investigación psicológica. Sobre la base de estos enfoques se han desarrollado las llamadas medidas indirectas, cuyo ejemplo más representativo es el Test de Asociaciones Implícitas (IAT). Este trabajo se propone realizar una revisión del IAT atendiendo especialmente a las críticas recibidas en relación con su validez. Se analizan distintos problemas sobre su estructura interna, la naturaleza de los procesos subyacentes a las respuestas, y los posibles efectos contaminantes de otras variables. En cada caso, se realizan recomendaciones para su construcción y aplicación. Se espera que este trabajo incentive el uso adecuado del IAT en los países de habla hispana, donde el procedimiento se encuentra aún escasamente difundidoImplicit social cognition models gave relevant methodological inputs to psychological research. On the basis of these models the so called indirect measures have been developed, being the most representative of them the Implicit Association Test (IAT). The present paper is a revision of the research about the IAT, specially about the critics made of its validity. The paper analyzes different problems regarding its internal structure, the nature of the underlying processes, and the possible effects of confounding variables. Recommendations for the IAT construction and application are given. It is expected that this revision stimulate the correct use of the IAT in Spanish speaking countries where this procedure is scarcely spread.Fil: Tosi, Jeremías David. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Ledesma, Ruben Daniel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Poó, Fernando Martín. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Montes, Silvana Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: López, Soledad Susana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

High-density lipoproteins and immune response: A review

High-density lipoproteins (HDLs) are heterogeneous lipoproteins that modify their composition and functionality depending on physiological or pathological conditions. The main roles of HDL are cholesterol efflux, and anti-inflammatory and antioxidant functions. These functions can be compromised under pathological conditions. HDLs play a role in the immune system as anti-inflammatory molecules but when inflammation occurs, HDLs change their composition and carry pro-inflammatory cargo. Hence, many molecular intermediates that influence inflammatory microenvironments and cell signaling pathways can modulate HDLs structural modification and function. This review provides a comprehensive assessment of the importance of HDL composition and anti-inflammatory function in the onset and progression of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. On the other hand, immune cell activation during progression of atheroma plaque formation can be influenced by HDLs through HDL-derived cholesterol depletion from lipid rafts and through HDL interaction with HDL receptors expressed on T and B lymphocytes. Cholesterol efflux is mediated by HDL receptors located in lipid rafts in peripheral cells, which undergo membrane structural modifications, and interferes with subsequent molecules interactions or intracellular signaling cascades. Regarding antigen-presentation cells such as macrophages or dendritic cells, HDL function may then modulate lymphocytes activation in immune response. Our review also contributes to the understanding of the effects exerted by HDLs in signal transduction associated to our immune cell population during chronic diseases progression.Junta de Andalucía US-126345

Bibliomaker: un espacio de creación en la Biblioteca Universitaria de Granada

Que las bibliotecas estén incluyendo espacios de creación no es un hecho casual, sino más bien la confluencia de dos servicios que comparten la misma razón de ser. Tanto bibliotecas como makerspaces son espacios donde se ponen colecciones de recursos—principalmente documentos en el caso de las bibliotecas, herramientas en el caso de los espacios maker—a disposición de una comunidad, al objeto de hacer posible la formación, el uso y el disfrute de dichos materiales. Y aunque incorporar herramientas en bibliotecas pudiera parecer, a priori, un sinsentido, continúa la tendencia iniciada a finales del siglo XVII con la apertura paulatina de las bibliotecas al gran público, de expandir y de potenciar la creación de conocimiento científico, esta vez liberando el potencial creativo que, según el movimiento maker, cualquiera posee

Tendencias Disociativas e Incidentes de Tránsito

El presente trabajo analiza la relación entre tendencias disociativas e incidentes de tránsito en conductores de la ciudad de Mar del Plata, Argentina (n=295). Se aplicó un cuestionario autoadministrado para indagar el historial de incidentes de tránsito conjuntamente con variables sociodemográficas. Las tendencias disociativas se evaluaron mediante una versión modificada de la escala DES. Se aplicaron pruebas de diferencias de medias para analizar las diferencias en los puntajes de la DES según las diferentes categorías de incidentes. Los resultados indicaron que los conductores que informan algún tipo de incidente puntúan más alto en la escala total y en las tres sub-escalas de la DES (absorción e imaginación, amnesia y despersonalización). No obstante, las diferencias se presentan principalmente en los choques con daños materiales menores. Para otras categorías de incidentes no se observaron diferencias significativas. Se requieren más estudios para evaluar el rol de las tendencias disociativas como factor de riesgo en el ámbito vial.Palabras claves: Disociación; Conducción; Tránsito; Factores de Riesgo.Dissociative Tendencies and Traffic Incidents: This paper analyses the relationship between dissociative experiences and road traffic incidents (crashes and traffic tickets) in drivers (n=295) from Mar del Plata (Argentina) city. A self-report questionnaire was applied to assess traffic crash involvement and sociodemographic variables. Dissociative tendencies were assessed by a modified version of the DES scale. To examine differences in DES scores tests of the difference of means were applied. Drivers who reported to be previously involved in traffic incidents obtained higher puntuations in the dissociative experiences scale than drivers who did not report such events. This result is observed for the total scale and for the three sub-scales (absorption, amnesia and depersonalization). However, differences appeared mainly for minor damage collisions. Further studies are needed to evaluate the role of dissociative tendencies as a risk factor in road traffic safety.Key Words: Dissociation; Driving; Traffic; Risk Factors  

El aprendizaje del Derecho Procesal en los estudios de Grado

El presente trabajo refleja los resultados obtenidos en la red docente titulada “El Aprendizaje del Derecho Procesal en los Estudios de Grado”. En esta Red docente profesoras de Derecho Procesal de la Universidad de Alicante analizan el empleo de una serie de herramientas del Campus Virtual en la enseñanza de diferentes asignaturas de grado y de licenciatura con el objetivo de estudiar las distintas experiencias que generan en los alumnos. Con ello se pretende optimizar las herramientas docentes que funcionan con los alumnos en los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje y descartar aquellas otras de las que no se deriven un resultado adecuado. En definitiva, se pretende reflexionar sobre esta materia apuntada con el objetivo de mejorar el sistema de aprendizaje, potenciar el aprendizaje autónomo del alumno, elaborar instrumentos de evaluación de conocimientos, destrezas y habilidades y detectar las posibles deficiencias que presentan las herramientas docentes del Campus Virtual, realizando en relación con este último extremo una serie de propuestas que permitan mejorarlas en beneficio de toda la comunidad universitaria