The effect of a peroxidase primer on bond strength of three luting systems to dentin.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of an experimental primer containing a microperoxidase (MP-11) with 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate on adhesive bonding of three different luting systems and dentin. The luting systems prepared were three etch-and-rinse systems (10-3/Super-Bond, 10-0/Super-Bond, 65PA/Super-Bond), a self-etching system (PanaviaF2.0), and a self-adhesive system (SA-Luting). These luting systems were used in conjunction with the MP-11 primer, and were designated as 10-3/MP-11/Super-Bond, 10-0/MP-11/Super-Bond, 65PA/MP-11/Super-Bond, MP-11/PanaviaF2.0, MP-11/SA-Luting, respectively. The dentin surfaces of human premolar teeth were treated, and then bonded with acrylic rods. Shear bond strengths were determined after 24 h of storage in water. The maximum mean bond strength was obtained with 10-0/MP-11/Super-Bond (48.7 +/- 6.6 MPa), followed by 10-3/MP-11/Super-Bond (36.3 +/- 10.2 MPa), 65PA/MP-11/Super-Bond (32.9 +/- 9.2 MPa), 10-3/Super-Bond (26.6 +/- 6.7 MPa), MP-11/PanaviaF2.0 (21.4 +/- 5.6 MPa), MP-11/SA-Luting (17.2 +/- 3.5 MPa), PanaviaF2.0 (16.9 +/- 5.7 MPa), 65PA/Super-Bond (12.8 +/- 2.0 MPa), SA-Luting (11.2 +/- 5.4 MPa), and 10-0/Super-Bond (9.6 +/- 3.9 MPa). The additional use of MP-11 primer significantly improved the bond strengths in the etch-and-rinse systems with 4-META/MMA-TBB resin. It is suggested that the peroxidase has a potential to improve dentin adhesion in the etch-and rinse, self-etching, and self-adhesive systems.The definitive version is available at www.blackwell-synergy.co

DNA修復関連ユビキチンリガーゼの標的タンパク質の探索

首都大学東京, 2016-03-25, 修士（理学）首都大学東

Vital role for the Plasmodium actin capping protein (CP) beta-subunit in motility of malaria sporozoites

Successful malaria transmission from the mosquito vector to the mammalian host depends crucially on active sporozoite motility. Sporozoite locomotion and host cell invasion are driven by the parasite's own actin/myosin motor. A unique feature of this motor machinery is the presence of very short subpellicular actin filaments. Therefore, F-actin stabilizing proteins likely play a central role in parasite locomotion. Here, we investigated the role of the Plasmodium berghei actin capping protein (PbCP), an orthologue of the heterodimeric regulator of filament barbed end growth, by reverse genetics. Parasites containing a deletion of the CP beta-subunit developed normally during the pathogenic erythrocytic cycle. However, due to reduced ookinete motility, mutant parasites form fewer oocysts and sporozoites in the Anopheles vector. These sporozoites display a vital deficiency in forward gliding motility and fail to colonize the mosquito salivary glands, resulting in complete attenuation of life cycle progression. Together, our results show that the CP beta-subunit exerts an essential role in the insect vector before malaria transmission to the mammalian host. The vital role is restricted to fast locomotion, as displayed by Plasmodium sporozoites

Aspen pectate lyase PtxtPL1-27 mobilizes matrix polysaccharides from woody tissues and improves saccharification yield

Peer reviewe

Cytokinin acts through the auxin influx carrier AUX1 to regulate cell elongation in the root

Hormonal interactions are critical for plant development. In Arabidopsis, cytokinins inhibit root growth through effects on cell proliferation and cell elongation. Here we define key mechanistic elements in a regulatory network by which cytokinin inhibits root cell elongation in concert with the hormones auxin and ethylene. The auxin importer AUX1 functions as a positive regulator of cytokinin responses in the root, AUX1 mutants specifically affecting the ability of cytokinin to inhibit cell elongation but not cell proliferation. AUX1 is required for cytokinin-dependent changes of auxin activity in the lateral root cap associated with the control of cell elongation. Cytokinin regulates root cell elongation through ethylene-dependent and independent mechanisms, both hormonal signals converging on AUX1 as a regulatory hub. An autoregulatory circuit is identified involving the control of ARR10 and AUX1 expression by cytokinin and auxin, this circuit potentially functioning as an oscillator to integrate the effects of these two hormones. Taken together, our results uncover several regulatory circuits controlling interactions of cytokinin with auxin and ethylene, and support a model in which cytokinin regulates shootward auxin transport to control cell elongation and root growth

Adenomatous polyposis coli protein nucleates actin assembly and synergizes with the formin mDia1

The microtubule regulator APC is now shown to also regulate actin filament dynamics through its C-terminal “Basic” domain

OryzaExpress: An Integrated Database of Gene Expression Networks and Omics Annotations in Rice

Similarity of gene expression profiles provides important clues for understanding the biological functions of genes, biological processes and metabolic pathways related to genes. A gene expression network (GEN) is an ideal choice to grasp such expression profile similarities among genes simultaneously. For GEN construction, the Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) has been widely used as an index to evaluate the similarities of expression profiles for gene pairs. However, calculation of PCCs for all gene pairs requires large amounts of both time and computer resources. Based on correspondence analysis, we developed a new method for GEN construction, which takes minimal time even for large-scale expression data with general computational circumstances. Moreover, our method requires no prior parameters to remove sample redundancies in the data set. Using the new method, we constructed rice GENs from large-scale microarray data stored in a public database. We then collected and integrated various principal rice omics annotations in public and distinct databases. The integrated information contains annotations of genome, transcriptome and metabolic pathways. We thus developed the integrated database OryzaExpress for browsing GENs with an interactive and graphical viewer and principal omics annotations (http://riceball.lab.nig.ac.jp/oryzaexpress/). With integration of Arabidopsis GEN data from ATTED-II, OryzaExpress also allows us to compare GENs between rice and Arabidopsis. Thus, OryzaExpress is a comprehensive rice database that exploits powerful omics approaches from all perspectives in plant science and leads to systems biology

Two Distinct Mechanisms for Actin Capping Protein Regulation—Steric and Allosteric Inhibition

A crystallographic study reveals the structural basis for regulation by two different inhibitors of the actin capping protein, a critical factor controlling actin-driven cell motility