Oral health status in patients with moderate-severe and terminal renal failure

Objetivos. Evaluar el estado de salud oral de pacientes con insuficiencia renal crónica moderada/severa (IRC-MD) y con fallo renal terminal (FRT). Diseño. El grupo de estudio lo constituyeron 50 pacientes: 22 (44%) con IRC-MD y 28 (56%) con FRT incluidos en un programa de hemodiálisis. Los controles (n= 64) tenían características similares en relación al sexo, edad, peso y nivel educacional. Se realizó una exploración intraoral a todos los participantes recogiendo información acerca de: número de dientes cariados, ausentes y obturados; acúmulo de placa supragingival; acúmulo de cálculo; profundidad de bolsas periodontales en los dientes de Ramfjord; y pérdida de inserción. Resultados. No se detectaron diferencias significativas en los valores del índice CAO entre pacientes y controles. El número medio de dientes cariados fue inferior en los pacientes que en los controles (p= 0,052). En los pacientes, el nú- mero medio de dientes ausentes fue mayor que en los controles (p= 0,002). Había 12 pacientes y 7 controles totalmente edéntulos. El número medio de dientes obturados fue significativamente inferior en los pacientes que en los controles (p< 0,001). El acúmulo de placa supragingival y la pérdida de inserción fue significativamente mayor en los pacientes que en los controles (p= 0,006 y p< 0,001, respectivamente). No se encontraron diferencias significativas en relación al acúmulo de cálculo ni a la presencia de bolsas periodontales entre ambos grupos. El valor del índice CAO, el número medio de dientes cariados y el de obturados fue significativamente superior en los pacientes IRC-MD que en los pacientes FRT (p= 0,004, p= 0,030 y p= 0,006, respectivamente). Conclusión. Los pacientes con IRC tienen menor prevalencia de caries, más placa supragingival, más dientes con pérdida de inserción y más ausencias dentarias, que los controles sanos. La prevalencia de caries está condicionada por la severidad de la insuficiencia y/o por el tratamiento de hemodiálisis

Effects of peri‐implant infection on serum biochemical analysis

BACKGROUND Peri-implant disease (PID) has not been directly linked to pathological organ changes. The present study assessed the dynamics of serum biochemical parameters in a model of experimental peri-implantitis in dogs, followed by open flap debridement. MATERIAL AND METHODS Seven male Beagle dogs comprised the study group. Procedures were performed as follows-extractions of two premolars and one molar on each mandibular quadrant (Day 0); bone healing time (week14); placement of four rough-surface endoosseous implants, two on each mandibular side; implant uncovering (week 28); induction of experimental peri-implantitis by the use of three ligatures (weeks 31, 34, 37) followed by open flap debridement (week 42). Serum biochemical analysis following each procedure was compared to baseline. Biochemical parameters were assigned into four subsets of variables-inflammation, renal function, liver function, and blood glucose. Wilcoxon paired tests were conducted in order to identify statistically significant differences between baseline data and values obtained after each procedure RESULTS: Following experimental peri-implantitis, the dynamics of renal parameters and blood glucose were minimal whereas statistically significant (P < 0.05) increases were noted for inflammatory (total protein and albumin concentrations) and hepatic (ALT, AST) parameters. A statistically significant (P < 0.05) decrease was only noted for total bilirubin. After open flap debridement, inflammatory (total protein and albumin concentrations) and hepatic (AST) parameters returned to baseline. CONCLUSIONS Within their limits, the present results indicate that: (a) PID affects inflammatory and hepatic serum biochemical parameters, and (b) following open flap debridement most of the values returned to baseline

Oral manifestations in chronic uremia patients

The incidence of chronic renal failure (CRF) is approximately 200 cases per million people in different Western countries. Recent data indicate that the incidences of these pathologies are increasing. Ninety percent of patients with CRF report oral signs and symptoms that affect both the bone and soft tissues. A broad range of lesions may be observed in chronic uratemia patients, including the following: gingival hyperplasia, enamel hypoplasia, petechiae, gingival bleeding, and others lesions. These patients require various types of treatment ranging from dietary and lifestyle changes to dialysis and kidney transplantation. CRF often leads to multiple oral manifestations that are difficult for dentists to manage. The present study examined the characteristics of this disease, the existing therapeutic options and the relevant considerations for dental professionals. The incidence of chronic renal failure (CRF) is approximately 200 cases per million people in different Western countries. Recent data indicate that the incidences of these pathologies are increasing. Ninety percent of patients with CRF report oral signs and symptoms that affect both the bone and soft tissues. A broad range of lesions may be observed in chronic uratemia patients, including the following: gingival hyperplasia, enamel hypoplasia, petechiae, gingival bleeding, and others lesions. These patients require various types of treatment ranging from dietary and lifestyle changes to dialysis and kidney transplantation. CRF often leads to multiple oral manifestations that are difficult for dentists to manage. The present study examined the characteristics of this disease, the existing therapeutic options and the relevant considerations for dental professionals

Prevalence and severity of oral disease in adults with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review of observational studies

Background. Oral disease may be increased in people with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and, due to associations with inflammation and malnutrition, represents a potential modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease and mortality. We summarized the prevalence of oral disease in adults with CKD and explored any association between oral disease and mortality

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora