Measuring and Modeling Stable Isotopes of Mobile and Bulk Soil Water

We thank Audrey Innes for support with the isotope analysis at University of Aberdeen for the Bruntland Burn and Krycklan sites, Johannes Tiwari (SLU) for the isotope sampling in Krycklan, Pernilla Löfvenius (SLU) for providing PET data for Krycklan, Pertti Ala-aho for providing snowmelt simulations for Krycklan, and Kimberely Janzen (University of Saskatoon) for soil water isotope analysis for the Dorset sites. The work at Krycklan was supported by KAW Branch-Points. We thank the European Research Council (ERC, project GA 335910 VeWa) for funding. We thank two anonymous reviewers and the associate editor for their suggestions and comments.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Extracellular matrix in lung development, homeostasis and disease

The lung's unique extracellular matrix (ECM), while providing structural support for cells, is critical in the regulation of developmental organogenesis, homeostasis and injury-repair responses. The ECM, via biochemical or biomechanical cues, regulates diverse cell functions, fate and phenotype. The composition and function of lung ECM become markedly deranged in pathological tissue remodeling. ECM-based therapeutics and bioengineering approaches represent promising novel strategies for regeneration/repair of the lung and treatment of chronic lung diseases. In this review, we assess the current state of lung ECM biology, including fundamental advances in ECM composition, dynamics, topography, and biomechanics; the role of the ECM in normal and aberrant lung development, adult lung diseases and autoimmunity; and ECM in the regulation of the stem cell niche. We identify opportunities to advance the field of lung ECM biology and provide a set recommendations for research priorities to advance knowledge that would inform novel approaches to the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of chronic lung diseases