Bewaring vaste planten : op zoek naar indicatoren voor bewaarbaarheid

Veel vaste planten waarvan zomerbloemen worden gesneden, worden in het najaar gerooid en tot het voorjaar bewaard bij 0 - 2°C. Tijdens en na deze bewaring treedt door onbekende oorzaak vaak massale uitval op met als gevolg productieonzekerheid van jaar tot jaar. De vraag is of de bewaarcondities zelf of de conditie van de planten op het moment dat zij de bewaring ingaan van belang is. Er zijn sterke aanwijzingen dat het laatste het geval is, vooral de mate van afrijping. In 2001, 2002 en 2003 is dit in veld- en bewaarproeven nader onderzocht. Met vijf gewassen (Achillea, Delphinium, Helenium, Phlox, Solidago) opgeplant in voorjaar 2001, zijn 25 verschillende combinaties van 5 rooidata in 2001 en 5 plantdata in 2002 gemaakt. Na rooien en voor planten zijn steeds een aantal fysiologische parameters van de overwinterende groeipunten gemeten: ademhaling, suikersamenstelling en brekingsindex. Het bleek dat hoe later gerooid werd, hoe beter de overleving na bewaring was. Er waren geen significante verschillen in ademhaling te meten tussen planten die bewaring goed of slecht overleven, zodat meting van de ademhaling geen betrouwbare meetparameter voor de mate van afrijping is. Bij later rooien nam het totaal aan vrije suikers in de groeipunten sterk toe, maar er werden geen speciale suikers gevormd. Bovendien bleek tijdens de bewaring het gehalte aan vrije suikers sterk aan verandering onderhevig, zodat suikersamenstelling ook niet geschikt is als indicator voor afrijping. Bij later rooien nam ook de brekingsindex van het perssap van de groeipunten toe en deze waarden bleken tijdens de bewaring veel stabieler. In 2002-2003 is de proef herhaald. Daarin werden de voorlopige conclusie uit het seizoen 2001-2002 opnieuw bevestigd. De plantdatum had geen invloed op conditie, het rooitijdstip wel: hoe later gerooid, hoe beter de overleving na bewaring. Bovendien was er een duidelijk verband tussen rooitijdstip en de gemeten brekingsindex: hoe later gerooid, hoe hoger de brekingsindex hoger en hoe hoger de overleving hoger, waarmee de brekingsindex mogelijk een indicator kan zijn voor mate van afrijping. Wel bleken er tussen de verschillende proefjaren verschillen in de hoogte en de mate van toename van de brekingsindex. Bovendien was het verloop van de toename verschillend voor verschillende groepen gewassen: voor Phlox en Achillea was de toename gelijkmatig, terwijl bij Delphinium en Solidago bij de laatste rooidata nog een extra toename optrad, mogelijk onder invloed van een extern signaal. Voor de toepasbaarheid van de brekingsindex als indicator, zal daarom eerst vastgesteld moeten worden in hoeverre de brekingsindex wordt beïnvloed door externe factoren als licht en temperatuur en of de meting bij het totale sortiment toe te passen is of dat er mogelijk plantengroepen zijn die zich anders gedragen

Identifying the geographical potential of rooftop systems: space competition and synergy

Industrial EcologyEnvironmental Biolog

Risk profiles and one-year outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation in India: Insights from the GARFIELD-AF Registry.

BACKGROUND: The Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF) is an ongoing prospective noninterventional registry, which is providing important information on the baseline characteristics, treatment patterns, and 1-year outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). This report describes data from Indian patients recruited in this registry. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 52,014 patients with newly diagnosed AF were enrolled globally; of these, 1388 patients were recruited from 26 sites within India (2012-2016). In India, the mean age was 65.8 years at diagnosis of NVAF. Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor for AF, present in 68.5% of patients from India and in 76.3% of patients globally (P < 0.001). Diabetes and coronary artery disease (CAD) were prevalent in 36.2% and 28.1% of patients as compared with global prevalence of 22.2% and 21.6%, respectively (P < 0.001 for both). Antiplatelet therapy was the most common antithrombotic treatment in India. With increasing stroke risk, however, patients were more likely to receive oral anticoagulant therapy [mainly vitamin K antagonist (VKA)], but average international normalized ratio (INR) was lower among Indian patients [median INR value 1.6 (interquartile range {IQR}: 1.3-2.3) versus 2.3 (IQR 1.8-2.8) (P < 0.001)]. Compared with other countries, patients from India had markedly higher rates of all-cause mortality [7.68 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval 6.32-9.35) vs 4.34 (4.16-4.53), P < 0.0001], while rates of stroke/systemic embolism and major bleeding were lower after 1 year of follow-up. CONCLUSION: Compared to previously published registries from India, the GARFIELD-AF registry describes clinical profiles and outcomes in Indian patients with AF of a different etiology. The registry data show that compared to the rest of the world, Indian AF patients are younger in age and have more diabetes and CAD. Patients with a higher stroke risk are more likely to receive anticoagulation therapy with VKA but are underdosed compared with the global average in the GARFIELD-AF. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION-URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01090362

Including the Effects of Artificial Light at Night on Moths in Life Cycle Impact Assessment

The aim of this research is to implement the effects of artificial light at night on moths in a model that functions as an impact category in the life cycle assessment methodology. The model defines the attraction of moths in a specific region of influence. This attraction might result in multiple direct and indirect effects that could lead to the reduction of moth population, due to an increase in mortality. The region of influence is expressed in square meters and is the area where the intensity of streetlight is higher than the intensity of the background light, which includes the moon- and starlight combined with skyglow of a certain region. The first prototype is tested in two districts of Berlin to demonstrate how the method is used in a region and to show the limitations and the different scenarios per intensity class and mounting height of the streetlight. Practitioners should be able to use this model to implement this in life cycle impact assessment. Weather conditions, moon phase, and skyglow are spatially dependent and should therefore be assessed per region. Including the wavelength of the lamp type of the streetlight and including other objects such as vegetation are seen as limitations in this research and could extent this model by doing further research.Industrial Ecolog

Main Phenolic Compounds of the Melanin Biosynthesis Pathway in Bruising-Tolerant and Bruising-Sensitive Button Mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) Strains

Browning is one of the most common postharvest changes in button mushrooms, which often results in economic losses. Phenolic compounds, which are associated with browning, were extracted from the nonbruised and bruised skin tissue of various button mushrooms with a sulfite-containing solution and analyzed with UHPLC-PDA-MS. In total, 34 phenolic compounds were detected. Only small differences in the total phenolic content between bruising-tolerant and -sensitive strains were observed. The contents of ¿-l-glutaminyl-4-hydroxybenzene (GHB) and ¿-l-glutaminyl-3,4-dihydroxybenzene (GDHB) correlated with bruising sensitivity; for example, R2 values of 0.85 and 0.98 were found for nonbruised brown strains, respectively. In nonbruised skin tissue of the strains with brown caps, the GHB and GDHB contents in sensitive strains were on average 20 and 15 times higher, respectively, than in tolerant strains. GHB and GDHB likely participate in the formation of brown GHB–melanin, which seemed to be the predominant pathway in bruising-related discoloration of button mushrooms

Main Phenolic Compounds of the Melanin Biosynthesis Pathway in Bruising-Tolerant and Bruising-Sensitive Button Mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) Strains

Browning is one of the most common postharvest changes in button mushrooms, which often results in economic losses. Phenolic compounds, which are associated with browning, were extracted from the nonbruised and bruised skin tissue of various button mushrooms with a sulfite-containing solution and analyzed with UHPLC-PDA-MS. In total, 34 phenolic compounds were detected. Only small differences in the total phenolic content between bruising-tolerant and -sensitive strains were observed. The contents of ¿-l-glutaminyl-4-hydroxybenzene (GHB) and ¿-l-glutaminyl-3,4-dihydroxybenzene (GDHB) correlated with bruising sensitivity; for example, R2 values of 0.85 and 0.98 were found for nonbruised brown strains, respectively. In nonbruised skin tissue of the strains with brown caps, the GHB and GDHB contents in sensitive strains were on average 20 and 15 times higher, respectively, than in tolerant strains. GHB and GDHB likely participate in the formation of brown GHB–melanin, which seemed to be the predominant pathway in bruising-related discoloration of button mushrooms

Locoregional recurrence of retroperitoneal soft tissue sarcoma:second chance of cure for selected patients

Background: Locoregional recurrence of a retroperitoneal soft tissue sarcoma (RSTS) may offer a second chance of curative surgical treatment. In a population-based study the proportion of patients developing isolated locoregional recurrences (LR) was determined and the outcome of these patients was analysed. Method: In a retrospective nationwide study, data were collected on 142 patients treated between I January 1989 and I January 1994 for primary RSTS. In patients who had been treated radically for their primary sarcoma (77/142, 54%), the pattern of recurrence was evaluated. Factors predictive of survival for patients with LR were studied. Results: After a median follow-up of 86 (range 60-101) months, 32 patients (42%) had developed LR, and distant metastasis (DM) had been diagnosed in 17 patients (22%). Median disease-free interval between the initial operation and the establishment of LR or DM was 22 and 19 months, respectively. Five-year cumulative survival of patients with established LR was 37% in comparison with 11% for patients with DM (P=0.062). Factors predictive of favourable outcome in patients with LR were the absence of multifocal recurrence (n = 13; P = 0.01), lipomatous histomorphology (n = 20; P = 0.02), and a complete resection of recurrent sarcoma (n = 17; P = 0.04). Conclusion: After a median follow-up of 7 years following radical treatment of a primary RSTS, 42% of the patients had developed isolated locoregional recurrences. A complete resection of recurrent disease, lipomatous histomorphology and the absence of multifocal growth influenced prognosis favourably. (C) 2001 Harcourt Publishers Ltd

Long-term prognosis of primary retroperitoneal soft tissue sarcoma.

Contains fulltext : 51614.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access)AIMS: To evaluate the result of treatment and long-term outcome of a population-based cohort of patients with retroperitoneal soft tissue sarcoma (RSTS). METHODS: Between 1 January 1989 and 1 January 1994, 143 patients diagnosed as having primary RSTS were selected from a national pathology database (PALGA) in the Netherlands. In this population-based group of patients, the result of surgery, overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were analysed as well as factors affecting OS and DFS. Median follow-up was 10.2 years. RESULTS: Operative treatment resulted in a complete tumour resection in 55% of the patients (n=78), low- and intermediate-grade tumours were more often completely resected than high-grade tumours (P=0.016). Five- and 10-year cumulative OS was 39% and 21%, respectively, while DFS was 22% and 17%, respectively. In a multivariate analysis low malignancy grade (P=0.017) and a complete tumour resection (P<0.001) were associated with better OS. CONCLUSIONS: Complete tumour resection and low malignancy grade were independent favourable prognosticators. However, these factors were related too, since surgical success was influenced by malignancy grade