98 research outputs found

    POPULATION BIOLOGY OF SEABOB-SHRIMP Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (Heller, 1862) CAPTURED ON THE SOUTH COAST OF PERNAMBUCO STATE, NORTHEASTERN BRAZIL

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    This paper aims to describe the population dynamics and to evaluate the stock of the seabob-shrimp Xiphopenaeus kroyeri on the coast of Pernambuco. Sampling was carried out between August/2011 and July/2012 in Sirinhaém, southern coast of Pernambuco. A total of 1201 individuals were analyzed, 673 females and 528 males. Total length (Lt) of females varied from 4.5 to 13.5 cm while the Lt of males ranged between 4.0 and 11.0 cm. The relationship between the Lt and carapace length and Lt and total weight showed negative allometry (males, females and pooled sexes). The slope of the curve "b" was statistically different between males and females for both relationships. Females mature with 8.90 cm. Asymptotic length L∞ was lower for males than for females (12.26 to 14.79 and 10.72 to 11.5 cm, respectively), K was similar between sexes (1.00-2.04 and 1.00-2.63 cm/year-1 respectively) as well as the longevity and size at 1st capture (1.50 to 1.97) years and 7.9 to 8.9 cm for males and females, respectively). The results indicate that X. kroyeri in the region is not overexploited for males, however considering females and pooled sexes the stock is near to being fully exploited.Este trabalho tem por objetivo descrever a dinâmica populacional e avaliar o estoque do camarão sete-barbas Xiphopenaeus kroyeri do litoral de Pernambuco. As coletas foram realizadas entre os meses de agosto/2011 a julho/2012 em Sirinhaém, litoral sul de Pernambuco. Foram analisados 1201 exemplares, sendo 673 fêmeas e 528 machos. Comprimento total (CT) das fêmeas variou de 4,5 a 13,5 cm enquanto o CT dos machos variou entre 4,0 e 11,0 cm. As relações entre o CT e comprimento da carapaça e o CT e peso total apresentaram alometria negativa (machos, fêmeas e sexos agrupados). O declive da curva "b" foi estatisticamente diferente entre machos e fêmeas para ambas relações. Fêmeas maturam com 8,90cm. O comprimento assintótico L∞ foi menor para os machos do que para as fêmeas (10,72-11,5 e 12,26-14,79 cm respectivamente), o K foi similar entre sexos (1,00-2,04 e 1,00-2,63cm/ano-1 respectivamente) assim como a longevidade e tamanho de 1ª captura (1,50-1,97anos e 7,9 - 8,9 cm para machos e fêmeas, respectivamente). Os resultados indicam que o estoque de X. kroyeri na região não se encontra sobreexplorada para os machos, entretanto considerando as fêmeas e sexos agrupados o recurso se encontra próximo do limite máximo de exploração

    Sperm handling in aquatic animals for artificial reproduction

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    Artificial reproduction involves collection and handling of gametes in a way that secures their quality and maximizes the fertilization outcome. In addition to initial sperm quality, numerous steps can affect the final result of fertilization, from the sperm collection process until gamete mixing (or co-incubation) when the spermatozoon enters or fuses with the oocyte. In this review, we summarize the whole process of sperm handling, from collection until fertilization for fish, penaeid shrimp, bivalve mollusks and marine mammals. To obtain sperm from captive animals, techniques vary widely across taxa, and include stripping by abdominal massage or testis surgical removal in fish, spermatophore collection in penaeid shrimps, gonadal scarification or temperature shock in bivalve mollusks, and voluntary collection via positive reinforcement in mammals. In most cases, special care is needed to avoid contamination by mucus, seawater, urine, or feces that can either activate sperm motility and/or decrease its quality. We also review techniques and extender solutions used for refrigerated storage of sperm across the aforementioned taxa. Finally, we give an overview of the different protocols for in vivo and in vitro fertilization including activation of sperm motility and methods for gamete co-incubation. The present study provides valuable information regarding breeder management either for animal production or species conservation.Agência financiadora CRB-anim ANR-11-INBS-003 Reproseed (FP7-KBBE-2009-3) MICIU (Juan de la Cierva-Incorporacion) IJCI-2017-34200 project ReproFl - MAR2020 Program 16-02-01-FMP-59 Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia (FCT, Portugal) through project FCT UID/Multi/04326/2019info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

    Effects of dietary mycotoxins and mycotoxin adsorbent additives on production performance, hematological parameters, and liver histology in juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

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    Mycotoxins are fungal secondary metabolites that can adversely affect animals consuming contaminated feeds. This 71-day feeding trial was conducted to assess the effects of dietary deoxynivalenol plus zearalenone (DON+ZEN = 1.6 + 0.3 ppm), and fumonisins (FUM = 15 ppm), and three adsorbent additives on the production performance, hematological parameters, and liver histology of juvenile Nile tilapia. A mycotoxin-free diet (Control) formulated to contain 35% protein and 8% lipid was spiked with either DON+ZEN or FUM using contaminated corn meals replacing portions of non-spiked corn. Subsequently, three out of four DON+ZEN- and FUM-spiked diets were supplemented (0.5%) with an adsorbent. The research was carried out in a recirculating water system (2,500 L) with a controlled temperature of (25.9 ± 1.1°C), feeding was carried out twice a day at rates ranging from 5 to 8%. The experiment included nine treatments with five replications, each experimental unit consisting of an aquarium with a useful volume of 75-L and fifteen juvenile Nile tilapia (average initial weight of 4.0 ± 0.1 g). Mycotoxin-spiked diets without added adsorbent supported lower final biomass and survival of Nile tilapia relative to control and adsorbent containing diets (P ≤ 0.05). Histological examinations revealed liver inflammation evidenced by lymphocytic infiltration adjacent to pancreatic tissue in fish fed mycotoxin-spiked diets without added adsorbent. Mycotoxin contamination significantly increased HSI (hepato somatic index), which was reverted to the Control value or reduced further by adsorbent addition. Lowest and intermediate hematocrit values were observed in groups fed mycotoxin-spiked diets without and with added adsorbents, respectively. Our results reinforce the importance of using adsorbents and the need to investigate the effect of sub-lethal concentrations of mycotoxins in aquaculture feeds

    Use of probiotics in the production of pink shrimp postlarvae

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    O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o uso de probióticos na produção de pós‑larvas do camarão‑rosa (Farfantepenaeus brasiliensis). Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, com dois tratamentos – uso de probióticos (Bacillus spp.) e controle com uso de antibiótico (eritromicina) – e quatro repetições. Pós‑larvas no estágio PL1 foram estocadas em cada parcela experimental (3,0 L) e cultivadas até o estágio PL10. As variáveis de qualidade de água e o desenvolvimento de bactérias do gênero Vibrio, na água de cultivo, foram monitorados ao longo do experimento. Ao final do período experimental, as pós‑larvas foram avaliadas qualitativamente e quanto à sobrevivência, ao peso e ao comprimento. Nas variáveis de qualidade de água, apenas o nitrito apresentou valor significativamente maior no tratamento com antibiótico. Para as variáveis peso e comprimento final, não houve diferenças significativas entre os tratamentos. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas entre os tratamentos quanto à qualidade das pós‑larvas e à concentração de Vibrio spp. na água. A utilização de antibiótico pode ser substituída pelo emprego de probióticos durante a produção de pós‑larvas de F. brasiliensis.The objective of this work was to evaluate the use of probiotics in the production of postlarvae of pink shrimp (Farfantepenaeus brasiliensis). A completely randomized experimental design was used, with two treatments – use of probiotics (Bacillus spp.), and a control using antibiotic (erythromycin) –, and four replicates. Postlarvae in the PL1 stage were stocked in each experimental unit (3.0 L) and cultured until stage PL10. Water quality variables and the development of the bacteria of the genus Vibrio, in the culture water, were monitored throughout the experiment. At the end of the experimental period, postlarvae were evaluated qualitatively and for survival, weight, and length. Regarding water quality variables, only nitrite was significantly higher in the antibiotic treatment. For the variables weight and length, there were no significant differences between treatments. No significant differences between treatments were observed in postlarvae quality and in the concentration of Vibrio spp. in the water. The use of antibiotics may be replaced by probiotics during production of F. brasiliensis postlarvae

    ANAIS DO I SIMPÓSIO DE MEIO AMBIENTE E ENERGIA - SIMAE

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    oai:ojs2.portalcoleta.com.br:article/1A Universidade Estadual do Ceará (UECE) juntamente com a Universidade de São Paulo (USP), a Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical (EMBRAPA), a Embrapa Instrumentação e a Federação das Indústrias do Estado do Ceará (FIEC) organizaram por meio do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Naturais (UECE – Embrapa) e do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química do Instituto de Química de São Carlos (IQSC-USP), o I SIMPÓSIO DE MEIO AMBIENTE E ENERGIA (SiMAE) que ocorreu no período de 25 a 27 de novembro de 2020 em plataforma online integrada. O SiMAE contou com o apoio da American Chemical Society (ACS), da Sociedade Brasileira de Química (SBQ, Regional do Ceará) e do Núcleo de Estudos Ambientais (NEA). A temática escolhida, meio ambiente e a sustentabilidade, teve como objetivo geral promover a sustentabilidade ambiental e oportunizar a integração entre a academia e o setor produtivo, bem como criar estratégias de desenvolvimento sustentável e propor soluções. Este tema é importantíssimo no contexto mundial e especialmente no Brasil. Dessa forma, os temas das palestras, painéis temáticos e as divulgações de resultados de pesquisas do I SiMAE, além de contemplarem as áreas de conhecimentos tradicionais das ciências naturais trouxeram discussões relevantes na escala global em monitoramento ambiental, tecnologias ambientais, energia e desenvolvimento sustentável e segurança ambiental. As ciências naturais podem contribuir de forma efetiva com o conhecimento científico multi e interdisciplinar, técnicas, tecnologias e sugestões para futuras ações dos tomadores de decisão do governo (políticas públicas), das empresas e da sociedade civil. O evento proporcionou o fortalecimento das sinergias entre a comunidade científica e o setor produtivo. Os organizadore

    Hanseníase na população acima de 60 anos em Alagoas: análise de uma série histórica

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    Among the numerous pathologies that stimulate the functional decline of the elderly, leprosy is worth highlighting. An infectious, chronic and dermatoneurological disease, which compromises the peripheral nerves, and can worsen the functional difficulties assuming a disabling character, in addition to causing physical deformities when not properly treated. In this descriptive study with a quantitative approach, the objective was to analyze the data collected, in order to assess the epidemiological characteristics, clinical diagnosis and classification, through the occurrence of Hansen's disease in the elderly population in relation to other age groups in the state of Alagoas between the years of 2007 to 2020, based on data from the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN). There was a prevalence of males making up 50.2% of the total population. The largest age group was 29-39, but there was a significant amount of the elderly population affected. As for the operational classification, there was a higher prevalence of the multibacillary form, comprising 798 cases. Regarding the degree of disability, males are more prevalent in cases of disability and physical impairment than females, with grade I affecting most male and female patients. Thus, it is concluded that care and treatment should be assertive and initiated as soon as possible, with a view to reducing, and the disabilities present in degrees of injuries, in the elderly population affected by the disease.Dentre as inúmeras patologias que estimulam o declínio funcional de idosos, vale a pena destacar a hanseníase. Uma doença infecciosa, crônica e dermatoneurológica, que compromete os nervos periféricos, podendo agravar as dificuldades funcionais assumindo caráter incapacitante, além de causar deformidades físicas quando não tratada adequadamente. Neste estudo descritivo com abordagem quantitativa, objetivou-se analisar os dados coletados, a fim de avaliar as características epidemiológicas, diagnóstico clínico e classificação, através da ocorrência da Hanseníase na população idosa em relação às outras faixas etárias no estado de Alagoas entre os anos de 2007 a 2020, a partir dos dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN). Houve uma prevalência do sexo masculino compondo 50,2% da população total. A maior faixa etária foi 29-39, porém houve uma quantidade significativa da população idosa acometida. Quanto à classificação operacional, houve maior prevalência da forma multibacilar, compondo 70,49% dos casos. Em relação ao grau de incapacidade, o sexo masculino apresenta maior predominância nos casos de incapacidade e comprometimento físico que o sexo feminino, sendo o grau I acometendo a maioria dos pacientes masculino e feminino. Dessa forma, conclui-se que os cuidados e o tratamento devem ser assertivos e iniciados o quanto antes, com vistas à redução, e das incapacitações presentes em graus de lesões, na população idosa acometida pela doença
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