ESTÁGIO SUPERVISIONADO E FORMAÇÃO: A INFLUÊNCIA DO PROFESSOR REGENTE NOS PRIMEIROS ANOS DE VIDA PROFISSIONAL DE EGRESSOS EM PEDAGOGIA

This article aims to analyze the formative contributions of the regent professors in the supervised curricular internship of the degree in Pedagogy for the teaching exercise of the graduating students in their first years of professional activity. Methodologically, the research is linked to the qualitative approach, the case study method and approximation with reality through unstructured questionnaires. Data analysis allowed us to verify that, despite being surrounded by movements of approximations and distances, the relationship established between interns and regents constitutes a significant formative experience for both. The knowledge built up during the internship and the actions developed in collaboration become references used repeatedly in the early years of exercising the profession, reaffirming the importance of supervised internships in the process of teachers’ identity construction.Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar los aportes formativos de los docentes regentes en el internado curricular supervisado de la licenciatura en Pedagogía para el ejercicio docente de los egresados ​​en sus primeros años de actividad profesional. Metodológicamente, la investigación se vincula con el enfoque cualitativo, el método de estudio de casos y el acercamiento a la realidad a través de cuestionarios no estructurados. El análisis de los datos permitió constatar que, a pesar de estar rodeada de movimientos de aproximaciones y distancias, la relación que se establece entre pasantes y regentes constituye una experiencia formativa significativa para ambos. Los saberes construidos durante la pasantía y las acciones desarrolladas en colaboración se convierten en referentes utilizados reiteradamente en los primeros años de ejercicio de la profesión, reafirmando la importancia de las pasantías tuteladas en el proceso de construcción de la identidad docente.O presente artigo objetiva analisar as contribuições formativas dos professores regentes no estágio curricular supervisionado do curso de licenciatura em Pedagogia para o exercício da docência dos estudantes egressos em seus primeiros anos de atuação profissional. Metodologicamente, a pesquisa se vincula à abordagem qualitativa, ao método de estudo de caso e à aproximação com a realidade através de questionários não-estruturados. A análise dos dados nos permitiu verificar que, apesar de ser cercada por movimentos de aproximações e distanciamentos, a relação estabelecida entre estagiários e professores regentes constitui-se como uma experiência formativa significativa para ambos. Os conhecimentos construídos durante o estágio e as ações desenvolvidas em colaboração tornam-se referências utilizadas de modo recorrente nos anos iniciais de exercício da profissão, reafirmando a importância dos estágios supervisionados no processo de construção identitária dos professores

O alinhamento do pensamento freireano com o ser humano: análise de frequência de palavras do livro Pedagogia da Autonomia

Na envergadura do cenário atual, uma parcela da sociedade atribuiu a Paulo Freire o juízo de doutrinador, questionando suas ideias e supondo que suas obras possuem o intuito de reproduzir um comunismo apontado como chaga, motivo pelo qual este artigo posiciona-se politicamente em defesa deste educador. Mesmo porque, consoante a lógica freireana, o posicionamento é uma atitude política. Nesse intuito, apresentam-se dados que ratificam a preocupação de Paulo Freire com uma Pedagogia pautada em ideais de valorização do ser humano. O objetivo geral direciona-nos a discutir conceitos da Pedagogia Freireana a partir das sete palavras mais frequentes no livro Pedagogia da Autonomia. Com relação à metodologia, esta pesquisa enquadra-se no enfoque qualitativo com a utilização da modalidade de análise lexical, circunscrita ao método de análise de conteúdo. Os dados foram obtidos através da utilização do programa de análise qualitativa Nvivo®, por meio da investigação de frequência de palavras. Por fim, o exame dos dados permitiu-nos debater a dialogicidade entre os sujeitos, conhecimentos e práticas necessários à práxis pedagógica, bem como outros princípios pedagógicos discutidos por Freire.

Predominance of Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis DNA in Lutzomyia longipalpis sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) from an endemic area for leishmaniasis in Northeastern Brazil

Leishmaniasis is a serious public health concern in the Northeastern region of Brazil, where the sand fly fauna is well studied, although few species have been identified as competent vectors. The detection of Leishmania spp. parasites in wild-caught sand flies could help sanitary authorities draw strategies to avoid the transmission of the parasites and, therefore, the incidence of leishmaniases. We detected Leishmania DNA in wild-caught sand flies and correlated that data with aspects of sand fly ecology in the Caxias municipality, Maranhao State, Brazil. The sand flies were sampled in the peridomicile (open areas in the vicinity of human residences) and intradomicile (inside the residences) from July/2019 to March/2020. Leishmania DNA was detected in females, targeting a fragment of the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS1) from ribosomal DNA. Among the fourteen species of sand flies identified, five (Lutzomyia longipalpis, Nyssomyia whitmani, Evandromyia evandroi, Micropygomyia trinidadensis, and Micropygomyia quinquefer) harbored DNA of Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis. The most abundant species in rural (Ny. whitmani: 35.2% and Ev. evandroi: 32.4%) and urban areas (Lu. longipalpis: 89.8%) are the permissive vectors of L. (L.) amazonensis, especially Ny. whitmani, a known vector of causative agents of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Although Lu. longipalpis is the vector of L. (L.) infantum, which was not detected in this study, its permissiveness for the transmission of L. (L.) amazonensis has been reported. We suspect that visceral leishmaniasis and cutaneous leishmaniasis are caused by L. (L.) amazonensis, and the transmission may be occurring through Lu. longipalpis, at least in the urban area

An analysis safe protocols employed in professional male soccer and the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the 2020 Brazilian championship

The COVID-19 pandemic directly reached and impacted upon elite sports and caused the postponement of sporting events globally. In order to enable the return of activities, protocols were created with recommendations to prevent the transmission of COVID-19. The objective of this work is to analyze and compare the safe return protocols of major football leagues and associations to those of the Brazilian Championship, as well as to survey the numbers of COVID-19 outbreaks in clubs that competed in the 2020 Brazilian Championship Series A. The documentary research was carried out through the analysis of articles published on open-source football league and federation websites. National and international return protocols were verified, as well as the documenting of isolated cases and outbreaks of COVID-19 in the Brazilian Championship. In the Brazilian Championship, the return to play occurred at a time when COVID-19 case numbers were rising, a fact that, together with the decentralization of the match cities, was likely linked to the number of positive cases. A total of 302 positive cases of COVID-19 were identified in 14 outbreaks during the competition. Therefore, this work identifies good practice and underscores the need to reassess and refine the protocols to minimize the impacts of COVID-19 going forward

Ensino de ciências na sala de aula invertida: Science teaching in the flipped classroom

Esta artigo aborda a temática da sala de aula invertida. Essa pesquisa tem por objetivo geral analisar as concepções sobre a sala de aula invertida. Como objetivos específicos são elencados: identificar a proposta da sala de aula invertida; conhecer propostas da metodologia de sala de aula invertida para o ensino de Ciências. No que diz respeito à educação híbrida, a sala de aula invertida é mais evidente nas tentativas de combinar métodos de ensino com o conteúdo didático das disciplinas em estudo. A mudança de foco traz desafios para o aluno que pode criar um ambiente que favoreça a pesquisa e disseminação do conhecimento com o auxílio de tecnologias, plataformas virtuais, bancos de dados de vídeo e imagens, comunicação via celular, tablet e computadores em geral, mas também com alto grau de autonomia e oportunidade. Como resultados, se conclui que a sala de aula invertida é uma oportunidade de tornar a aula menos tradicional

Evaluation of hypoglycemic potential and pre-clinical toxicology of Morus nigra L. (Moraceae)

The hypoglycemic potential of crude ethanolic extract of leaves (CEE-Mn) of the Morus nigra L. (Moraceae) was evaluated in normoglycemic rats. CEE-Mn (200 and 400 mg/kg) and metformin (500 mg/kg) were tested on the glucose tolerance oral test. The acute toxicity of CEE-Mn was performed 2.0 g/kg intraperitoneally and 5.0 g/kg orally in Swiss mice. Blood was removed after seven days for laboratory analysis of hematological and biochemical parameters. In the glucose tolerance oral test, only metformin was able to reduce the glucose-induced hyperglycemia. Regarding acute toxicity no mortality and no toxicity signs were observed, indicating low toxicity of the extract. In the evaluation of hematological and biochemical parameters no alteration was observed. In conclusion, the CEE-Mn can be considered of low toxicity but did not produce the expected hypoglycemic effect in the model used.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Immunoregulatory mechanisms in Chagas disease: modulation of apoptosis in T-cell mediated immune responses

Submitted by Nuzia Santos ([email protected]) on 2017-07-17T17:53:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Chaves_AnaThereza_Immunoregulatory mechanisms_IRR_2016.pdf: 12736177 bytes, checksum: 7182dae7e3675c77254aa3dd4157a0a9 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Nuzia Santos ([email protected]) on 2017-07-17T18:03:09Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Chaves_AnaThereza_Immunoregulatory mechanisms_IRR_2016.pdf: 12736177 bytes, checksum: 7182dae7e3675c77254aa3dd4157a0a9 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-17T18:03:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Chaves_AnaThereza_Immunoregulatory mechanisms_IRR_2016.pdf: 12736177 bytes, checksum: 7182dae7e3675c77254aa3dd4157a0a9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Laboratório de Imunologia Celular e Molecular. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Laboratório de Imunologia Celular e Molecular. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil/Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Departamento de Morfologia. Laboratório de Biologia das Interações Celulares. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil/Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Faculdade de Medicina Programa de Pós graduação em Medicina Tropical e Infectologia. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Laboratório de Imunologia Celular e Molecular. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Laboratório de Biomarcadores de Diagnóstico e Monitoração. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Departamento de Morfologia. Laboratório de Biologia das Interações Celulares. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Laboratório de Imunologia Celular e Molecular. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Departamento de Parasitologia. Laboratório de Imunologia e Genômica de Parasitos. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Laboratório de Imunologia Celular e Molecular. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Departamento de Parasitologia. Laboratório de Imunologia e Genômica de Parasitos. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Faculdade de Medicina Programa de Pós graduação em Medicina Tropical e Infectologia. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.Laboratório de Imunologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fiocruz, Belo Horizonte, Brazil/Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Doenças Tropicais. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil/Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto. Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil.BACKGROUND: Chronic Chagas disease presents different clinical manifestations ranging from asymptomatic (namely indeterminate) to severe cardiac and/or digestive. Previous results have shown that the immune response plays an important role, although no all mechanisms are understood. Immunoregulatory mechanisms such as apoptosis are important for the control of Chagas disease, possibly affecting the morbidity in chronic clinical forms. Apoptosis has been suggested to be an important mechanism of cellular response during T. cruzi infection. We aimed to further understand the putative role of apoptosis in Chagas disease and its relation to the clinical forms of the disease. METHODS: Apoptosis of lymphocytes, under antigenic stimuli (soluble T. cruzi antigens - TcAg) where compared to that of non-stimulated cells. Apoptosis was evaluated using the expression of annexin and caspase 3(+) by T cells and the percentage of cells positive evaluated by flow cytometry. In addition activation and T cell markers were used for the identification of TCD4(+) and TCD8(+) subpopulations. The presence of intracellular and plasma cytokines were also evaluated. Analysis of the activation status of the peripheral blood cells showed that patients with Chagas disease presented higher levels of activation determined by the expression of activation markers, after TcAg stimulation. PCR array were used to evaluate the contribution of this mechanism in specific cell populations from patients with different clinical forms of human Chagas disease. RESULTS: Our results showed a reduced proliferative response associated a high expression of T CD4(+)CD62L(-) cells in CARD patients when compared with IND group and NI individuals. We also observed that both groups of patients presented a significant increase of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell subsets in undergoing apoptosis after in vitro stimulation with T. cruzi antigens. In CARD patients, both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells expressing TNF-α were highly susceptible to undergo apoptosis after in vitro stimulation. Interestingly, the in vitro TcAg stimulation increased considerably the expression of cell death TNF/TNFR superfamily and Caspase family receptors genes in CARD patients. CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, our results suggest that apoptosis may be an important mechanism for the control of morbidity in T. cruzi infection by modulating the expression of apoptosis genes, the cytokine environment and/or killing of effector cells

Enterovirus detection in stool samples from Mozambican children with acute gastroenteritis

Funding Information: Diocreciano Bero, Ph.D. was supported by Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development and the Academy of Sciences for the Developing World (CNPq/TWAS, grant number 190,897/2015–5). The ViNaDia was sponsored by Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance through Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) , Atlanta and World Health Organization, Regional Office for Africa (WHO/AFRO), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, grant number JO369/5–1). Nilsa de Deus was fellowship of the European Foundation Initiative into African Research in Neglected Tropical Diseases (EFINTD, grant number 89,539). Publisher Copyright: © 2022Enteroviruses (EV) are predominantly enteric viruses, present in all parts of the world causing disease in humans with a broad spectrum of clinical presentations. The purpose of this study was to identify non-polio enteroviruses (NPEV) in stool samples collected from children with acute gastroenteritis (AGE) symptoms of unknown etiology in four provinces (Maputo, Nampula, Sofala and Zambézia) of Mozambique. From June 2014 to March 2018, 327 stool samples were collected from children hospitalized with AGE in health care units. NPEVs were detected in 52 samples (52/327; 15.9%) and were more frequent in children under 5 years of age. The age group from 12 to 23 months was the most affected and showed more severity of disease. We also identified 26 different EV-types with the following detection pattern EV-B>EV-C>EV-A. The major EV-types were EV-A119 (9/52; 17.3%) and EV-C99 (8/52; 15.4%), accounting for 32.7% of the total. In addition to EV-A119, other uncommon EV-types were also identified, such as EV-B75, EV-B97 and EV-C113. The current study shows a high heterogeneity of EV types circulating in children with AGE in Mozambique as well as the identification of rarely described enteroviruses.publishersversionpublishe