Jornada de trabalho, qualidade de vida e prática de atividades físicas de professores

O presente estudo buscou verificar jornada de trabalho, qualidade de vida e prática de atividades físicas de professores, e se caracteriza como pesquisa de campo de cunho transversal. Participaram do estudo, 17 professores, de ambos os sexos. Os participantes possuíam idade média de 43 anos. Para avaliar a jornada de trabalho, foi utilizado um questionário próprio (QJT); e para avaliar a qualidade de vida e a prática de atividades físicas, foram utilizados os questionários, Whoqol-Bref e o Ipaq-Versão curta. Verificou-se que os professores possuíam uma ampla jornada de trabalho, com média de 42 horas de trabalho formal, e média de 14 horas de trabalho informal; 58,8% dos professores encontravam-se como sedentários e irregularmente ativos; os outros 41,2%, como ativos e muito ativos. Os professores demonstraram qualidade de vida de regular a boa, com média de 62 pontos no escore de qualidade de vida. O estudo revelou, portanto, que os professores dispõem de uma extensa jornada de trabalho. Por outro lado, poucas horas são dedicadas ao lazer.Palavras-chave: Atividade física. Jornada de trabalho. Professor. Qualidade de vida

Complete Assembly of the Genome of an Acidovorax citrulli Strain Reveals a Naturally Occurring Plasmid in This Species

Acidovorax citrulli is the causal agent of bacterial fruit blotch (BFB), a serious threat to cucurbit crop production worldwide. Based on genetic and phenotypic properties, A. citrulli strains are divided into two major groups: group I strains have been generally isolated from melon and other non-watermelon cucurbits, while group II strains are closely associated with watermelon. In a previous study, we reported the genome of the group I model strain, M6. At that time, the M6 genome was sequenced by MiSeq Illumina technology, with reads assembled into 139 contigs. Here, we report the assembly of the M6 genome following sequencing with PacBio technology. This approach not only allowed full assembly of the M6 genome, but it also revealed the occurrence of a ∼53 kb plasmid. The M6 plasmid, named pACM6, was further confirmed by plasmid extraction, Southern-blot analysis of restricted fragments and obtention of M6-derivative cured strains. pACM6 occurs at low copy numbers (average of ∼4.1 ± 1.3 chromosome equivalents) in A. citrulli M6 and contains 63 open reading frames (ORFs), most of which (55.6%) encoding hypothetical proteins. The plasmid contains several genes encoding type IV secretion components, and typical plasmid-borne genes involved in plasmid maintenance, replication and transfer. The plasmid also carries an operon encoding homologs of a Fic-VbhA toxin-antitoxin (TA) module. Transcriptome data from A. citrulli M6 revealed that, under the tested conditions, the genes encoding the components of this TA system are among the highest expressed genes in pACM6. Whether this TA module plays a role in pACM6 maintenance is still to be determined. Leaf infiltration and seed transmission assays revealed that, under tested conditions, the loss of pACM6 did not affect the virulence of A. citrulli M6. We also show that pACM6 or similar plasmids are present in several group I strains, but absent in all tested group II strains of A. citrulli

The All-Rounder Sodalis: A New Bacteriome-Associated Endosymbiont of the Lygaeoid Bug Henestaris halophilus (Heteroptera: Henestarinae) and a Critical Examination of Its Evolution

Hemipteran insects are well-known in their ability to establish symbiotic relationships with bacteria. Among them, heteropteran insects present an array of symbiotic systems, ranging from the most common gut crypt symbiosis to the more restricted bacteriome-associated endosymbiosis, which have only been detected in members of the superfamily Lygaeoidea and the family Cimicidae so far. Genomic data of heteropteran endosymbionts are scarce and have merely been analyzed from the Wolbachia endosymbiont in bed bug and a few gut crypt-associated symbionts in pentatomoid bugs. In this study, we present the first detailed genomic analysis of a bacteriome-associated endosymbiont of a phytophagous heteropteran, present in the seed bug Henestaris halophilus (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea). Using phylogenomics and genomics approaches, we have assigned the newly characterized endosymbiont to the Sodalis genus, named as Candidatus Sodalis baculum sp. nov. strain kilmister. In addition, our findings support the reunification of the Sodalis genus, currently divided into six different genera. We have also conducted comparative analyses between 15 Sodalis species that present different genome sizes and symbiotic relationships. These analyses suggest that Ca. Sodalis baculum is a mutualistic endosymbiont capable of supplying the amino acids tyrosine, lysine, and some cofactors to its host. It has a small genome with pseudogenes but no mobile elements, which indicates middle-stage reductive evolution. Most of the genes in Ca. Sodalis baculum are likely to be evolving under purifying selection with several signals pointing to the retention of the lysine/tyrosine biosynthetic pathways compared with other Sodalis.D.S.-G. is recipient of a PostDoctoral Fellowship from The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. This publication was funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG) and the University of Bayreuth in the funding progamme Open Access Publishing.Peer reviewe

A Population Dynamics Approach to Viral Marketing

Souto, P. C., Silva, L. V., Pinto, D. C., & Santos, F. C. (2020). A Population Dynamics Approach to Viral Marketing. In H. Cherifi, S. Gaito, J. F. Mendes, E. Moro, & L. M. Rocha (Eds.), Complex Networks and Their Applications VIII : Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Complex Networks and Their Applications, COMPLEX NETWORKS 2019 (Vol. 1, pp. 399-411). (Studies in Computational Intelligence; Vol. 881 SCI). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36687-2_33The symbiosis of Social Media and viral campaigns has recently become ubiquitous. In many recent phenomena (e.g., the Cambridge Analytica scandal), rumours in viral marketing programs are present without being even noticed by consumers. Yet, the study of population dynamics and its complex patterns of interaction remains largely elusive. Here, we propose an agent-based Marketing referral model to study the impact on firms’ dissemination and profitability of biased behavior in a population of opportunistic individuals. We show that those agents only interested in collecting rewards without any brand recognition are responsible for most of Marketing campaign success and dissemination, for a large range of different cost structures, network characteristics, and number of invites. This effect is further amplified whenever the difference between the cost of using the service and the reward collected after bringing a new customer is higher.authorsversionpublishe

Riparian quality and habitat heterogeneity assessment in Cantabrian rivers

RESUMEN. En este estudio se intentó evaluar la calidad riparia y la heterogeneidad del hábitat fluvial Como parte de la evaluación del estado de conservación de la Directiva Hábitats (CE, 1992) en los ríos incluidos en la red Natura 2000 de Cantabria, norte de España. Entre los métodos existentes elegimos los ´índices Qualitat del Bosc de Ribera (QBR) y “Riparian Quality Index” (RQI) para evaluar la calidad de la ribera, y el ´Indice de Habitabilidad fluvial (IHF) y el “Habitat Quality Assessment” (HQA) para evaluar la heterogeneidad del hábitat fluvial. El presente estudio pretende comparar el rendimiento del QBR y RQI para evaluar la calidad ribereña (RQ) y del IHF y HQA para evaluar la heterogeneidad del hábitat fluvial (RHH). Cuanto mayor sea la puntuación de los ´índices en un tramo de rio, más alta es la probabilidad de que Pertenezca a una condición de referencia, y también de que alcance una mayor integridad biológica. Por lo tanto, se utilizó la regresión logística binaria elaborando un modelo para RQ y otro para RHH, con el fin de examinar las relaciones entre los atributos evaluados por cualquiera de los cuatro ´índices y las condiciones de referencia y de no-referencia. También nos fijamos en las relaciones entre RQ y RHH y de ambos con las comunidades de macroinvertebrados. Se muestrearon la vegetación ribereña y las características del hábitat fluvial en un total de 285 tramos de 500 metros de longitud a lo largo de la red fluvial de Cantabria. Estos datos fueron comparados con datos existentes sobre la comunidad de macroinvertebrados en un total de 52 tramos de ríos y la métrica IASPT se calculó para las comparaciones. En este estudio, las condiciones de referencia se fijaron en 10 tipologías fluviales de acuerdo a los siguientes criterios: (1) régimen hidrológico inalterado, (2) usos del suelo no intensivos y (3) sin presencia o mínimos cambios morfológicos, terminando con un total de 96 tramos de río seleccionados. QBR y RQI fueron sensibles a las condiciones de referencia y a las tipologías fluviales, siendo mayor en condiciones de referencia en la mayoría de los tipos fluviales. Sin embargo, IHF y HQA sólo presentaron diferencias dependiendo del tipo fluvial y no en función de las condiciones de referencia. Por otra parte, IHF y HQA no tienen una respuesta similar a la modificación humana en todas las tipologías de río, ya que los tramos en condiciones de referencia presentaron valores más altos o más bajos que los tramos en condiciones de no-referencia en función de las tipologías fluviales. Por último, RQ se correlacionó positivamente con RHH, y el IASPT aumentó con ambos. Llegamos a la conclusión de que RQI y HQA obtuvieron ligeramente mejores resultados que el QBR y IHF para distinguir entre sitios en condiciones de referencia y no referencia en los ríos de Cantabria, y que la heterogeneidad del hábitat fluvial no debe ser utilizada para evaluar la calidad del hábitat fluvial.ABSTRACT. In this study, we attempted to assess riparian quality and river habitat heterogeneity as part of the conservation status assessment of the Habitats Directive (EC, 1992) in the rivers included in the Nature 2000 network of Cantabria, Northern Spain. We chose the Qualitat del Bosc de Ribera (QBR) and the Riparian Quality Index (RQI) to assess riparian quality and the ´Indice de Habitabilidad Fluvial (IHF) and Habitat Quality Assessment (HQA) to assess the river habitat heterogeneity. The present study aims to compare the performance of the QBR and RQI for assessing riparian quality (RQ) and of the IHF and HQA for assessing river habitat heterogeneity (RHH). With a higher score in each index, the site has a higher likelihood of belonging to a reference condition and also of reaching a higher biological integrity. Thus, we used logistic binary regressions of RQ and RHH to determine the relationships between the attributes evaluated by each of the four indices and reference/non-reference conditions. We also looked into the relationships between RQ and RHH as well as between these indices and the local macroinvertebrate communities. We surveyed riparian vegetation and river habitat characteristics in a total of 285 river reaches, each 500 m in length, along the fluvial network of Cantabria. These data were combined with previous macroinvertebrate community records from a total of 52 river reaches, and the Index of Average Score per Taxon (IASPT) metric was calculated for comparison. Reference condition sites were selected in 10 river types for the purpose of the present study on the basis of (1) unaltered discharge, (2) non-intensive land uses and (3) no or minimal morphological changes. There were 96 river reaches that matched the reference conditions. QBR and RQI were sensitive to both reference and nonreference conditions in the official river types and were larger in reference conditions than in non-reference conditions for most of the river types. However, IHF and HQA could only differentiate some of the river types and could not distinguish between reference and non-reference conditions. Moreover, IHF and HQA did not have a similar response to human modifications across river types, as reference reaches presented larger or lower values than non-reference conditions depending on the river type. Finally, RQ was positively correlated to RHH, and IASPT increased with both. We concluded that RQI and HQA performed slightly better than QBR and IHF indices to distinguish between reference and non-reference sites in the rivers of Cantabria and that river habitat heterogeneity should not be used to assess river habitat quality

A Qualitative and Quantitative Study on Critical Thinking in Social Education Degree Students

Critical thinking is present in the educational intentions in higher education with more or less programmatic development. In the training of social educators, such thinking is considered a fundamental pillar for a good performance of their functions in the social field. By means of qualitative and quantitative instruments, we set ourselves the objective of knowing the opinions of 72 Social Education degree students of the University of Huelva (Spain) about critical thinking, higher education, and their position on the subject. The results obtained showed that students have an approximate general knowledge of what critical thinking is, but a clear lack of knowledge of how it is developed. In addition, it is observed that there is a great contradiction between what they say and what they actually do, as, although they value its development in the degree and professional performance, they do not develop or commit themselves de facto to this competence. Moreover, they recognize that the university is a context that favors critical competence, but at the same time they are very critical about the teachings offered in this regard

Quantifying the performance of automated GIS-based geomorphological approaches for riparian zone delineation using digital elevation models

ABSTRACT: Riparian zone delineation is a central issue for managing rivers and adjacent areas; however, criteria used to delineate them are still under debate. The area inundated by a 50-yr flood has been indicated as an optimal hydrological descriptor for riparian areas. This detailed hydrological information is usually only available for populated areas at risk of flooding. In this work we created several floodplain surfaces by means of two different GIS-based geomorphological approaches using digital elevation models (DEMs), in an attempt to find hydrologically meaningful potential riparian zones for river networks at the river basin scale. Objective quantification of the performance of the two geomorphologic models is provided by analysing coinciding and exceeding areas with respect to the 50-yr flood surface in different river geomorphological types

Unveiling the Dynamics of the Universe

We explore the dynamics and evolution of the Universe at early and late times, focusing on both dark energy and extended gravity models and their astrophysical and cosmological consequences. Modified theories of gravity not only provide an alternative explanation for the recent expansion history of the universe, but they also offer a paradigm fundamentally distinct from the simplest dark energy models of cosmic acceleration. In this review, we perform a detailed theoretical and phenomenological analysis of different modified gravity models and investigate their consistency. We also consider the cosmological implications of well motivated physical models of the early universe with a particular emphasis on inflation and topological defects. Astrophysical and cosmological tests over a wide range of scales, from the solar system to the observable horizon, severely restrict the allowed models of the Universe. Here, we review several observational probes -- including gravitational lensing, galaxy clusters, cosmic microwave background temperature and polarization, supernova and baryon acoustic oscillations measurements -- and their relevance in constraining our cosmological description of the Universe.Comment: 94 pages, 14 figures. Review paper accepted for publication in a Special Issue of Symmetry. "Symmetry: Feature Papers 2016". V2: Matches published version, now 79 pages (new format