Aplicação do Método Paraconsistente de Decisão na seleção de tecnologias de transporte público urbano

Este trabalho tem como objetivo propor uma metodologia para seleção das diversas alternativas de transporte público, baseando-se na aplicação da lógica paconsistente em processos decisórios na área de planejamento de transportes. Utilizou-se o Método Paraconsistente de Decisão (MPD) como instrumento de apoio na seleção para o Eixo Sul do Distrito Federal (DF), no qual os especialistas da área de transportes avaliaram os critérios para cada modo, sendo a interpretação das avaliações realizadas na avaliação dos baricentros no quadrado unitário do plano cartesiano (QUPC). Com a aplicação do MPD na seleção de tecnologias de transporte verificou-se que todas as tecnologias de transporte pertencem a região de quase verdade tendendo ao paracompleto, tendo como análise não conclusiva. No entanto, na comparação das tecnologias, verifica-se a que possui maior grau de certeza é o Veículo Leve sobre Trilhos (VLT).This paper aims to propose a methodology for selection of the various public transport alternatives, based on the application of paconsistente logic in decision-making processes in transport planning area. Was used the method of paraconsistent Decision (MPD) as a support tool in the selection for the South Axis of the Federal District (DF), in which experts from the transport area evaluated the criteria for each mode, and the interpretation of reviews at the evaluation of baricentres the Unit Square Cartesian Plane (QUPC). With the application of MPD in the selection of transport technologies it was found that all transmission technologies belong to region tending to paracompleto almost true, and as non-conclusive analysis. However, when comparing the technologies, there is the one with greater certainty is the Light Rail Transit (LRT)

A study on students' idears about the school syllabus

1995年4月に初めての本学のシラバス（講義要覧）が発行され、学生に配布された。本報は約1年後の1996年2月の試験期間中にシラバスに対する学生の意見を問うために行われたアンケート調査の結果をまとめたものである。回答を寄せた学生は435人で、在籍学生の89.0％であった。よく利用したとする学生は18.2％、数回利用したとする学生は67.6％であった。学生の使用目的はテストの準備や履修科目の決定のためであった。以上のことから、現在のシラバスは学生が日常的により活用するためにはさらに教師が改善、工夫する必要があると思われた。The first syllabus of the School was published and distributed to all of the students in April,1995. Ten months later during the term examination, an opportunity arouse to question the sudents about their idears for the syllubus. A survery of all of the students was carried out and 435 students (89.0%) responded to it. They generally utilized it well, especially to decide which subjects they will take, to find out about the textbooks that will be used, and how to prepare for the examination. However it was found not to be sufficient for their daily use. Teachers therefore must make a greater effort in giving information about their lecture

Faculties' ideas to the school syllabus

シラバスは、その内容も含めて、まだ教官にも、学生にもなじみのない言葉である。著者らは、1994年、初めてのシラバス（講義要覧）を刊行した。このシラバスの中では、1人もしくは数人の教官によって、１教科・１学期分の講義の概要が各1ページの中に記載され、その枠組みは、基本的事項以外に、抗議の目標、授業計画、授業計画、教科書、参考書、授業の進め方、評価の方法、教官のメッセージから成るものであった。このシラバス作成に参加した専任教官45人及び非常勤教官107人、計153人に対し、調査表によってシラバス作成に関する意見を求めた結果、117人（77.0％）の教官が解答を寄せた。その結果は次のようなものであった。1.今回の作成計画以前にシラバスについて認識があった者は44.5％であった。しかし、シラバスの今後の発行に関しては94.9％の者が賛成であった。今回の枠組みについてはほとんどの者が肯定的であった。2.学生による授業評価については、約半数（52.7％）が賛成であるが、時期尚早とする者が41.8％いた。The term 'syllabus' and its concept are not familiar to university faculty members and students in Japan. Authors who belonged to School of Health Sciences Okayama University, published the first syllabus in 1994. In this syllabus, an outline of each course for a semester was shown by one or a few faculty members. The framework consisted of the mark of the subject, schedule, textbook, reference book, how to teach, how to grade and message to students, besides basic information. Forty-five full-time faculty members and 107 part-time faculty members were asked about their ideas for the syllabus through a questionnaire survey by mail and 119 faculty members (78.3%) responded to it. Only fifty-three faculty members (44.5%) had known the term 'syllabus' before the time when they started to talk about it or were asked to write it. But after their presenting syllabi, 104 faculty members (87.4%) agreeded to continue publishing and they were affirmative to framework as it was proposed this time. As for evaluation of subject by students, about half of faculties (52.7%) agreeded and 51.8% of them replied that were not mature enough for it yet

Senior high school students' recognition and interest in allied medical education of college

1996年7～9月にかけて,岡山県周辺の10県下高校普通科3年在学中の学生に志望進路,志望分野とともに大学,短期大学における医療技術教育への認識と関心についてアンケート調査を行った｡サンプリングによって依頼した127校のうち回答が得られたのは52校(回収率40.9%)で,得られた回答数は合計1,998人(男子891人,女子1,077人,不明30人)であった｡これらの分析から,これらの地域では進学志望者の率は高く,特に男子に著名で,男女ともに理系への志望が多いことを認めた｡医療技術系大学の認識は看護学科を除いて低く,関心も特に男子で低かった｡4年制大学の進学を志望する学生にとっては, 3年制の多い医療技術系短期大学には関心が寄せがたく, 4年制へ移行した場合には関心も志望も高まる事が認められた｡将来この分野を担う人材の確保には現在の医療短大の4年制化や医療技術職の待遇改善が重要である と結論づけた｡A survey was carried out by senior high school students in Okayama and nine surrounding prefectures from July through September, 1996. Data obtained from 1998 twelfth-grade students studying general courses at 52 schools were computed. Eighty four percent of the 891 male students and 54.2% of the 1,077 female students wished to go on to senior college. Sixtyseven percent of the male students wished to enter science college courses, while only 25.8% of female students did. The rate of students who knew about the course of allied medical science in senior or junior colleges was 63.8% for male students and 82.5% for female students. The nursing course was popular among both sexes, but other courses such as radiological technology, medical technology, physical therapy and occupational therapy were not well known, especially among male students. It was thought that students wishing to go on to the senior college were not interested in those areas which were usually taught in three year courses at junior colleges or special (vocational) schools. Accordingly, the data showed that their interests in the allied medical course would be increased by the shifting it to a four year course. To attract senior high school students who are both intelligent and talented in the medical and health field, the authors concluded that the further improvement of educational course for allied medicine, especially such as shifting to a four year course, and the bettering of position of comedical workers through it are needed

Views concerning nursing and nursing course of senior high school guidance teachers

1993年に岡山県で行った先の研究で,高校生の看護課程の選択にあたって,進路指導を行っている教師の役割が大きい事を報告した｡今回は3年経った1996年に,同じ郵送調査を岡山県および周辺10県の普通科高校617校より無作為に選んだ127校において実施した｡64校より得られた回答を要約すると以下の通りであった｡1.教師が挙げた看護婦不足の理由はまず｢勤務時間が厳しい(85.9%)｣,｢仕事の内容が厳しい(53.1%)｣といった仕事のきつさで,次いで｢仕事の割には社会的評価が低い(32.8%)｣であった｡2.教師が学生に肯定的イメージとして看護課程を勧める理由は,｢まず専門職であること(73.4%)｣,次いで｢人に貢献できる喜び(53.1%)｣であった｡これらの結果は前回の結果と比較して統計的な有意差は認めなかった｡3.近年進められている3年制看護課程(準学士課程)から4年制課程(学士課程)への移行に関して,教師はこれらは学生の関心を呼ぶとし(79.8%),看護課程へ進学する者は増加するであろうとしている(57.8%)｡またこれまでよりこの課程への進学を教師は勧め易くなるとしている(56.3%)。これらの率は前回の結果と比較すると統計的に有意に高かった。A previous study in Okayama prefecture in 1993 indicated the importance of high school teachers' influential rule on student's choice of nursing course. The same questionnaire survey was sent out by mail in 1996 to guidance teachers of 127 general high schools randomly selected from 617 schools in 10 prefectures, in and around Okayama. Data obtained from 64 teachers were analyzed and the results were as follows; 1. They suggested that shortage of nursing manpower was due to the harsh working conditions such as long and irregular hours (85.9%) and hard work (53.1 %), and also the low social esteem of nurse (32.8%). 2. The aspect of nursing noted by teachers were job specialty (73.4%) and devotion to people (53.l%). There were no statistical difference between these results and those of the previous study. 3. The teachers answered that the new four-year nuersing course (baccalaureate) currently being promoted from over the the present three-year course (associate degree) would be an incentive to students (79.8%) and might increase the number of students choosing to study nursing (57.8%). And they also noted that they would more readily recommend this course to students than before. These rates were significantly increased compared to the results of the previous report

Relações dose-resposta entre o incômodo sonoro e o ruído aeronáutico no entorno do Aeroporto Internacional de Brasília

O presente trabalho avaliou o incômodo sonoro percebido por comunidades expostas ao ruído aeronáutico, por meio de relações dose-respostas, no entorno do Aeroporto Internacional de Brasília. Foram realizadas simulações acústicas e aplicou-se questionários enviados por e-mail. A amostra válida foi de 402 indivíduos. As relações dose-respostas foram geradas com uso de Regressão Logística. Os resultados indicam que o ruído aeronáutico interfere significativamente na realização de atividades cotidianas dos pesquisados, tais como estudar, dormir, assistir TV, falar ao telefone e meditar. Com as relações dose-reposta gerados verificou-se que o percentual de incomodados e altamente incomodados dos respondentes mostrou-se superior aos percentuais preditos pelas relações dose-resposta atualmente utilizadas na Comunidade Europeia (CE). Os percentuais de altamente incomodados, obtidos com a relação dose-resposta gerada nesse estudo, chegam a ser 22% maior na DNL 65 e 25% maior na DNL 70 do que os percentuais indicados obtidos com os modelos da CEThe purpose of this study is to assess the exposure-effect relationship for aircraft noise around of the Brasília International Airport. The percentages of people who felt annoyed and highly annoyed have been used to assess the dose-response and both were obtained using a survey that was sent by e-mail. In total, 402 participants responded. Logistic and polynomial approximations of the exposure-annoyance relationships are presented. Results indicate that the aircraft noise interferes significantly in performing daily activities of the respondents, such as studying, sleeping, watching TV, talking on the phone and meditate. Besides that, the results show that for the same noise exposure, the aircraft noise annoyance in Brasília is higher than those reported in the European Community (EC). The highly annoyed people percentages, were obtained with the dose-response generated in this study, are up to 22% higher in the DNL 65 and 25% higher in the DNL 70 than the indicated percentages obtained with EC models2016-12-30Trabalho submetido e aceito no XXX ANPET (2016)

Avaliação do incômodo sonoro devido a exposição ao ruído aeronáutico no entorno do aeroporto de Brasília

O presente trabalho avaliou o incômodo sonoro percebido por comunidades expostas ao ruído aeronáutico no entorno do Aeroporto de Brasília. Para tanto, foi elaborado um mapa acústico e um questionário foi aplicado para avaliação da reação das comunidades expostas ao ruído aeronáutico. Os resultados indicaram um nível de incômodo elevado ao ruído aeroviário. Além disso, foi obtido que o ruído aeronáutico e rodoviário interfere significativamente na realização de atividades cotidianas dos pesquisados, tais como estudar, dormir, assistir TV, falar ao telefone e meditar. Essa interferência ocorre tanto no período diurno quanto no noturno. Os respondentes apresentaram significativos níveis de incômodo com o ruído aeronáutico sendo que quanto maior a faixa etária maior o nível de incômodo. Por fim, quando o respondente é despertado durante à noite o nível de incômodo é elevado sendo os pesquisados do sexo feminino mais incomodados

Avaliação do incômodo sonoro devido a exposição ao ruído aeronáutico no entorno do aeroporto de Brasília

O presente trabalho avaliou o incômodo sonoro percebido por comunidades expostas ao ruído aeronáutico no entorno do Aeroporto de Brasília. Para tanto, foi elaborado um mapa acústico e um questionário foi aplicado para avaliação da reação das comunidades expostas ao ruído aeronáutico. Os resultados indicaram um nível de incômodo elevado ao ruído aeroviário. Além disso, foi obtido que o ruído aeronáutico e rodoviário interfere significativamente na realização de atividades cotidianas dos pesquisados, tais como estudar, dormir, assistir TV, falar ao telefone e meditar. Essa interferência ocorre tanto no período diurno quanto no noturno. Os respondentes apresentaram significativos níveis de incômodo com o ruído aeronáutico sendo que quanto maior a faixa etária maior o nível de incômodo. Por fim, quando o respondente é despertado durante à noite o nível de incômodo é elevado sendo os pesquisados do sexo feminino mais incomodados

Proposta metodológica para o cálculo de população exposta ao ruído aeronáutico

No Brasil, poucos são os estudos que buscam verificar os impactos sonoros causados pelo ruído aeronáutico em comunidades expostas. Para melhor compreender esses impactos, esse trabalho apresenta uma proposta metodológica para o cálculo da população exposta ao ruído aeronáutico no entorno de aeroportos. Foi escolhido para o estudo o Aeroporto Internacional de Brasília (SBBR) e a população exposta foi estimada tendo por base diretrizes indicadas pela Comunidade Europeia. No estudo, foram utilizados dados censitários e elaborados mapas acústicos. Como resultado, os mapas acústicos auxiliaram na identificação de áreas sensíveis ao ruído aeronáutico. Também foi possível estimar e evitar a superestimação do tamanho da população exposta ao ruído aeroviário. Chama-se a atenção para a ocupação de áreas muito próximas aos limites do sítio aeroportuário

FIA functions as an early signal component of abscisic acid signal cascade in Vicia faba guard cells

An abscisic acid (ABA)-insensitive Vicia faba mutant, fia (fava bean impaired in ABA-induced stomatal closure) had previously been isolated. In this study, it was investigated how FIA functions in ABA signalling in guard cells of Vicia faba. Unlike ABA, methyl jasmonate (MeJA), H2O2, and nitric oxide (NO) induced stomatal closure in the fia mutant. ABA did not induce production of either reactive oxygen species or NO in the mutant. Moreover, ABA did not suppress inward-rectifying K+ (Kin) currents or activate ABA-activated protein kinase (AAPK) in mutant guard cells. These results suggest that FIA functions as an early signal component upstream of AAPK activation in ABA signalling but does not function in MeJA signalling in guard cells of Vicia faba