Facilitating and Improving Environmental Research Data Repository Interoperability

Environmental research data repositories provide much needed services for data preservation and data dissemination to diverse communities with domain specific or programmatic data needs and standards. Due to independent development these repositories serve their communities well, but were developed with different technologies, data models and using different ontologies. Hence, the effectiveness and efficiency of these services can be vastly improved if repositories work together adhering to a shared community platform that focuses on the implementation of agreed upon standards and best practices for curation and dissemination of data. Such a community platform drives forward the convergence of technologies and practices that will advance cross-domain interoperability. It will also facilitate contributions from investigators through standardized and streamlined workflows and provide increased visibility for the role of data managers and the curation services provided by data repositories, beyond preservation infrastructure. Ten specific suggestions for such standardizations are outlined without any suggestions for priority or technical implementation. Although the recommendations are for repositories to implement, they have been chosen specifically with the data provider/data curator and synthesis scientist in mind

Activities of Daily Living

Measurement of ability or inability to perform activities of daily living is important to in describing the functional status of a person and then implementing an intervention. Evaluations of ADLs are mainly used in nursing and in rehabilitation of people with disabilities and the elderly. Measuring ability to perform ADLs is crucial for the management of healthcare in aging societies. It is important to understand differences between categories of ADLs and challenges in their evaluation that are connected to the roles of family members

The Diverse Bacterial Community in Intertidal, Anaerobic Sediments at Sapelo Island, Georgia

The phylogenetic diversity and composition of the bacterial community in anaerobic sediments from Sapelo Island, GA, USA were examined using 16S rRNA gene libraries. The diversity of this community was comparable to that of soil, and 1,186 clones formed 817 OTUs at 99% sequence similarity. Chao1 estimators for the total richness were also high, at 3,290 OTUs at 99% sequence similarity. The program RDPquery was developed to assign clones to taxonomic groups based upon comparisons to the RDP database. While most clones could be assigned to describe phyla, fewer than 30% of the clones could be assigned to a described order. Similarly, nearly 25% of the clones were only distantly related (<90% sequence similarity) to other environmental clones, illustrating the unique composition of this community. One quarter of the clones were related to one or more undescribed orders within the γ-Proteobacteria. Other abundant groups included the δ-Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Cyanobacteria. While these phyla were abundant in other estuarine sediments, the specific members at Sapelo Island appeared to be different from those previously described in other locations, suggesting that great diversity exists between as well as within estuarine intertidal sediments. In spite of the large differences in pore water chemistry with season and depth, differences in the bacterial community were modest over the temporal and spatial scales examined and generally restricted to only certain taxa

Facilitating and Improving Environmental Research Data Repository Interoperability

Environmental research data repositories provide much needed services for data preservation and data dissemination to diverse communities with domain specific or programmatic data needs and standards. Due to independent development these repositories serve their communities well, but were developed with different technologies, data models and using different ontologies. Hence, the effectiveness and efficiency of these services can be vastly improved if repositories work together adhering to a shared community platform that focuses on the implementation of agreed upon standards and best practices for curation and dissemination of data. Such a community platform drives forward the convergence of technologies and practices that will advance cross-domain interoperability. It will also facilitate contributions from investigators through standardized and streamlined workflows and provide increased visibility for the role of data managers and the curation services provided by data repositories, beyond preservation infrastructure. Ten specific suggestions for such standardizations are outlined without any suggestions for priority or technical implementation. Although the recommendations are for repositories to implement, they have been chosen specifically with the data provider/data curator and synthesis scientist in mind

The Lantern Vol. 44, No. 2, Spring 1978

• Ode To the Death of a Patient • The Bloody Brand of Honor • Deserted Trail • The Apple Revisited • Consciousness in Awares • Middle Class • Clock • Snow • The Case • Your Eyes Speak Falsely • Finding a Place • Legacy of Ellis Island • John • Work • A Gift • When She is Gone • Qual. Lamenthttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/lantern/1112/thumbnail.jp

Building Babies - Chapter 16

In contrast to birds, male mammals rarely help to raise the offspring. Of all mammals, only among rodents, carnivores, and primates, males are sometimes intensively engaged in providing infant care (Kleiman and Malcolm 1981). Male caretaking of infants has long been recognized in nonhuman primates (Itani 1959). Given that infant care behavior can have a positive effect on the infant’s development, growth, well-being, or survival, why are male mammals not more frequently involved in “building babies”? We begin the chapter defining a few relevant terms and introducing the theory and hypotheses that have historically addressed the evolution of paternal care. We then review empirical findings on male care among primate taxa, before focusing, in the final section, on our own work on paternal care in South American owl monkeys (Aotus spp.). We conclude the chapter with some suggestions for future studies.Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (HU 1746/2-1) Wenner-Gren Foundation, the L.S.B. Leakey Foundation, the National Geographic Society, the National Science Foundation (BCS-0621020), the University of Pennsylvania Research Foundation, the Zoological Society of San Dieg

Fostering self-endorsed motivation to change in patients with an eating disorder: The role of perceived autonomy support and psychological need satisfaction

Objective: Although several studies have established the beneficial effects of self-endorsed forms of motivation for lasting therapeutic change, the way patients with an eating disorder can be encouraged to volitionally pursue change has received less attention. On the basis of Self-Determination Theory, this longitudinal study addressed the role of an autonomy-supportive environment and psychological need satisfaction in fostering self-endorsed motivation for change and subsequent weight gain. Method: Female inpatients (n = 84) with mainly anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa filled out questionnaires at the onset of, during, and at the end of treatment regarding their perceived autonomy support from parents, staff members, and fellow patients, their psychological need satisfaction, and their reasons for undertaking change. Furthermore, the Body Mass Index (BMI) of the patients at the onset and end of treatment was assessed by the staff. Path analyses were used to investigate the relations between these constructs. Results: At the start of treatment, perceived parental autonomy support related positively to self-endorsed motivation through psychological need satisfaction. Perceived staff and fellow patients autonomy support related to changes in self-endorsed motivation over the course of treatment through fostering change in psychological need satisfaction. Finally, relative increases in self-endorsed motivation related to relative increases in BMI throughout treatment in a subgroup of patients with anorexia nervosa. Discussion: These results point to the importance of an autonomy-supportive context for facilitating self-endorsed motivation

Ants impact the energy reserves of natural enemies through the shared honeydew exploitation

[EN] Ants, as well as many species of parasitoids and predators, rely on sugar-richfoodssuchashoneydewtofulfilltheirenergeticneeds.Thus,antsandnatural enemies may interact through the shared honeydew exploitation. 2.Ant-exclusionexperimentswereperformedinacitrusorchardtotestthehypothesis that ants may impact the energy reserves of predators and parasitoids through the competitionforhoneydew.Throughtheuseofhigh-performanceliquidchromatography (HPLC)thelevelofantactivitywiththeenergyreservesandfeedinghistoryofindividual specimens collected in the field during representative days of spring, summer, and autumn were related. 3. Out of 145 Aphytis chrysomphali Mercet parasitoids captured in the field, 65% were classified as sugar-fed and 24.7% as honeydew-fed. In summer, when ant activity peaked,therewasasignificant negativecorrelationbetweenthelevelofantactivityand the total sugar content and honeydew feeding incidence by A.chrysomphali. Out of 47 individuals of the predator Chrysoperla carnea sensu lato (Stephens), captured in the field, 55.3% were classified as sugar-fed. We found a significant negative effect of the level of ant activity on the sugar-feeding incidence by C.carneain spring. 4.Thepresentstudyprovidesevidencethatantscaninterferewiththeenergyreserves of natural enemies. This interaction may be widespread in various ecosystems with important consequences for the arthropod community composition and with practical implicationsforbiologicalcontrolgiventhatabsenceofsugarfeedingisdetrimentalfor thefitness of many species of predatorsand parasitoidsDr Jerome Casas is greatly acknowledged for valuable comments on earlier versions of the manuscript and Dr Petr Duelli for providing help with the Chrysoperla identifications. We also thank Dr Cristina Navarro Campos and Dr Aleixandre Beltra for their help in the field samplings and for stimulating discussions, Barbara Rodriguez for help in the laboratory analyses and the reviewers for their helpful comments. This work was supported by the project (RTA2010-00012-C02-02) assigned to F. G. M from the Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Spain and the project (BIO2013-48779-C4-1-R) from Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and COST action CM1303 on Systems Biocatalysis.Calabuig Gomar, A.; Tena Barreda, A.; Wäkers, FL.; Lucia Fernandez-Arrojo; Plou, FJ.; García Mari, F.; Pekas, A. (2015). Ants impact the energy reserves of natural enemies through the shared honeydew exploitation. Ecological Entomology. 40:687-695. https://doi.org/10.1111/een.12237S68769540Avidov, Z., Balshin, M., & Gerson, U. (1970). Studies onAphytis coheni, a parasite of the California red scale,Aonidiella aurantii in Israel. 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