Revisão e verificação das propriedades psicométricas da dimensão instabilidade de humor do inventário dimensional clínico da personalidade

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo examinar la dimensión Inestabilidad del Humor del Inventario Dimensional Clínico de la Personalidad (IDCP), y la investigación de sus propiedades psicométricas. Para ello se desarrollaron nuevos ítems que fueron aplicados a 230 participantes, con edades comprendidas entre 18 y 63 años (M=23,0, DP=9,44), la mayoría de sexo femenino (76,4%). Todos los participantes respondieron el IDCP, la versión brasileña de la versión revisada del Inventario de Personalidad NEO, y la versión brasileña del Inventario de Personalidad para el DSM-5 (PID-5). Como resultado, 306 nuevos ítems fueron desarrollados con base en cuatro fuentes de referencia, y seleccionados mediante análisis de contenido, y 27 ítems que conformaron la versión final para la aplicación de la dimensión. Después de recoger los datos y de realizar el análisis estadístico, la dimensión analizada constaba de tres factores, además de una puntuación total. Los coeficientes de consistencia interna fueron adecuados e iguales a 0,85 para el conjunto final de 16 ítems con un rango de variación entre 0,78 y 0,81 por cada factor. De otra parte, se encontraron las intracorrelaciones esperadas, así como correlaciones coherentes con los instrumentos utilizados. Los datos permiten inferir evidencias de validez de la escala revisada, así como una demostración satisfactoria de la consistencia interna.O presente estudo teve como objetivo revisar a dimensão Instabilidade de Humor do Inventário Dimensional Clínico da Personalidade (IDCP), investigando suas propriedades psicométricasPara tanto, novos itens foram desenvolvidos, para então serem aplicados. Participaram 230 sujeitos, com idade variando entre 18 e 63 anos (M=23,0; DP=9,44), sendo a maior parte do sexo feminino (76,4%). Todos os participantes responderam o IDCP, a versão brasileira do Inventário de Personalidade NEO-PI Revisado e a versão brasileira do Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5). Como resultado, foram desenvolvidos 306 novos itens com base em quatro fontes de referencia na área e selecionados, por meio de análise de conteúdo, 27 para compor a versão final de aplicação da dimensão. Após a coleta de dados e análises estatísticas, a dimensão revisada ficou composta por três fatores, além de um escore total. Os coeficientes de consistência interna mostraram-se adequados sendo igual a 0,85 para o conjunto final de 16 itens e variando de 0,78 e 0,81 por fator. Além disso, foram encontradas intracorrelações esperadas, bem como correlações coerentes com os instrumentos aplicados. Os dados permitem inferir evidências de validade para a dimensão revisada, além de demonstrar índices satisfatórios de consistência interna.The present study aimed to review the Mood Instability dimension of the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory (DCPI) and to examine its psychometric properties. To this end, new items were developed that were applied to 230 subjects, aged between 18 and 63 years (M = 23.0, SD = 9.44), with a majority of females (76.4%). All participants answered the DCPI, the Brazilian version of the NEO Personality Inventory-Revised and the Brazilian version of the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5). As a result, 306 new items were developed based on four sources of reference in the area and selected by means of content analysis and 27 items to compose the final version of the dimension to be applied. After data collection and statistical analysis, the reviewed dimension was composed of three factors plus a total score. The internal consistency coefficients were adequate and equal to .85 for the final set of 16 items, with a variation range between .78 and .81 per factor. Moreover, the expected intracorrelations were found, as well as consistent correlations with the instruments used. Data allow inferring validity evidence for the scale reviewed, as well as demonstrating satisfactory internal consistency

A Tríade Sombria da Personalidade: Afetos e Lócus de Controle

The Dark Triad of personality —narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy— portrays antagonistic, insensitive, and socially aversive characteristics. It is known that personality, both healthy and pathological, affects several factors in the lives of individuals. This study aimed to understand the explanatory capacity of the Dark Triad in positive and negative affects and in the locus of control. For this purpose, two studies were carried out. The first of them comprised 154 participants, with an average age of 27.14 years (SD = 9.28) who answered the Dirty Dozen and the Positive and Negative Affections Scale. The second study consisted of 660 participants, with a mean age of 22.83 years (sd = 7.21) who were evaluated by the Short Dark Triad and the Multidimensional Scale of Locus of Control. The results indicated that the Dark Triad positively explains negative affects, while Machiavellianism negatively explains locus of external control. Narcissism and psychopathy clarify the locus of internal control —negatively and positively, respectively. Such findings are possible explanations for the aversive outcomes in individuals with high scores in the Dark Triad, so that they experience more displeasure and anger, as well as exempt themselves from their emotional responsibilities and are satisfied when they notice that they cause harm to others.La tríada sombría de la personalidad —narcisismo, maquiavelismo y psicopatía— retrata características antagonistas, insensibles y socialmente aversivas. Es sabido que la personalidad, tanto saludable como patológica, afecta diversos factores en la vida de los individuos. Este estudio buscó comprender la capacidad explicativa de la tríada sombría en los afectos positivos y negativos y en el locus de control. Por esto se realizaron dos estudios. Conformaron el primero de ellos 154 participantes, con un promedio de edad de 27.14 años (DP = 9.28) que respondieron al Dirty Dozen y la Escala de Afectos Positivos y Negativos. El segundo estudio estuvo compuesto por 660 participantes, con edad promedio de 22.83 años (DP = 7.21) que fueron evaluados por el short Dark Triad y la Escala Multidimensional de Locus de Control. Los resultados indicaron que la tríada sombría explica positivamente los afectos negativos, mientras que el maquiavelismo explica negativamente el locus de control externo, y el narcisismo y la psicopatía explican el locus de control interno —de manera negativa y positiva, respectivamente—. Tales resultados son posibles explicaciones para los desenlaces aversivos en individuos con altos puntajes en la tríada sombría, de modo que estos viven más disgusto y rabia, como también se eximen de sus responsabilidades emocionales y se satisfacen al notar que causan daños a terceros.A tríade sombria da personalidade —narcisismo, maquiavelismo e psicopatia— retrata características antagonistas, insensíveis e socialmente aversivas. É sabido que diversos fatores são afetados por traços de personalidade, tanto saudáveis quanto psicopatológicos. Este estudo buscou compreender a capacidade explicativa da tríade sombria nos afetos positivos e negativos e no lócus de controle. Para tanto foram realizados dois estudos. Compuseram o primeiro deles 154 participantes, com média de idade de 27,14 anos (DP = 9,28) que responderam ao Dirty Dozen e a Escala de Afetos Positivos e Negativos. O segundo estudo foi composto por 660 participantes, com média de idade 22,83 anos (DP = 7,21) que foram avaliados pelo Short Dark Triad e a Escala Multidimensional de Lócus de Controle. Os resultados indicaram que a tríade sombria explica positivamente os afetos negativos, enquanto maquiavelismo explica negativamente lócus de controle externo e narcisismo e psicopatia explicam o lócus de controle interno —de maneira negativa e positiva, respectivamente. Tais achados são possíveis explicações para os desfechos aversivos em indivíduos com altos escores na tríade sombria, de modo que estes vivenciam mais desprazer e raiva, como também se eximem de suas responsabilidades emocionais e se satisfazem ao notarem que causam danos em terceiros

Fundamental social motives measured across forty-two cultures in two waves

How does psychology vary across human societies? The fundamental social motives framework adopts an evolutionary approach to capture the broad range of human social goals within a taxonomy of ancestrally recurring threats and opportunities. These motives—self-protection, disease avoidance, affiliation, status, mate acquisition, mate retention, and kin care—are high in fitness relevance and everyday salience, yet understudied cross-culturally. Here, we gathered data on these motives in 42 countries (N = 15,915) in two cross-sectional waves, including 19 countries (N = 10,907) for which datawere gathered in both waves. Wave 1 was collected from mid-2016 through late 2019 (32 countries, N = 8,998; 3,302 male, 5,585 female; Mage = 24.43, SD = 7.91). Wave 2 was collected from April through November 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic (29 countries, N = 6,917; 2,249 male, 4,218 female; Mage = 28.59, SD = 11.31). These data can be used to assess differences and similarities in people’s fundamental social motives both across and within cultures, at different time points, and in relation to other commonly studied cultural indicators and outcomes

Review and verification of the psychometric properties of the mood instability dimension of the dimensional clinical personality inventory

The present study aimed to review the Mood Instability dimension of the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory (DCPI) and to examine its psychometric properties. To this end, new items were developed that were applied to 230 subjects, aged between 18 and 63 years (M = 23.0, SD = 9.44), with a majority of females (76.4%). All participants answered the DCPI, the Brazilian version of the NEO Personality Inventory-Revised and the Brazilian version of the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5). As a result, 306 new items were developed based on four sources of reference in the area and selected by means of content analysis and 27 items to compose the final version of the dimension to be applied. After data collection and statistical analysis, the reviewed dimension was composed of three factors plus a total score. The internal consistency coefficients were adequate and equal to .85 for the final set of 16 items, with a variation range between .78 and .81 per factor. Moreover, the expected intracorrelations were found, as well as consistent correlations with the instruments used. Data allow inferring validity evidence for the scale reviewed, as well as demonstrating satisfactory internal consistency.O presente estudo teve como objetivo revisar a dimensão Instabilidade de Humor do Inventário Dimensional Clínico da Personalidade (IDCP), investigando suas propriedades psicométricasPara tanto, novos itens foram desenvolvidos, para então serem aplicados. Participaram 230 sujeitos, com idade variando entre 18 e 63 anos (M=23,0; DP=9,44), sendo a maior parte do sexo feminino (76,4%). Todos os participantes responderam o IDCP, a versão brasileira do Inventário de Personalidade NEO-PI Revisado e a versão brasileira do Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5). Como resultado, foram desenvolvidos 306 novos itens com base em quatro fontes de referencia na área e selecionados, por meio de análise de conteúdo, 27 para compor a versão final de aplicação da dimensão. Após a coleta de dados e análises estatísticas, a dimensão revisada ficou composta por três fatores, além de um escore total. Os coeficientes de consistência interna mostraram-se adequados sendo igual a 0,85 para o conjunto final de 16 itens e variando de 0,78 e 0,81 por fator. Além disso, foram encontradas intracorrelações esperadas, bem como correlações coerentes com os instrumentos aplicados. Os dados permitem inferir evidências de validade para a dimensão revisada, além de demonstrar índices satisfatórios de consistência interna.El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo examinar la dimensión Inestabilidad del Humor del Inventario Dimensional Clínico de la Personalidad (IDCP), y la investigación de sus propiedades psicométricas. Para ello se desarrollaron nuevos ítems que fueron aplicados a 230 participantes, con edades comprendidas entre 18 y 63 años (M=23,0, DP=9,44), la mayoría de sexo femenino (76,4%). Todos los participantes respondieron el IDCP, la versión brasileña de la versión revisada del Inventario de Personalidad NEO, y la versión brasileña del Inventario de Personalidad para el DSM-5 (PID-5). Como resultado, 306 nuevos ítems fueron desarrollados con base en cuatro fuentes de referencia, y seleccionados mediante análisis de contenido, y 27 ítems que conformaron la versión final para la aplicación de la dimensión. Después de recoger los datos y de realizar el análisis estadístico, la dimensión analizada constaba de tres factores, además de una puntuación total. Los coeficientes de consistencia interna fueron adecuados e iguales a 0,85 para el conjunto final de 16 ítems con un rango de variación entre 0,78 y 0,81 por cada factor. De otra parte, se encontraron las intracorrelaciones esperadas, así como correlaciones coherentes con los instrumentos utilizados. Los datos permiten inferir evidencias de validez de la escala revisada, así como una demostración satisfactoria de la consistencia interna

Revision of the Criticism Avoidance dimension of the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory

Abstract The aim of this study was to revise the Criticism Avoidance dimension of the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory and to investigate its psychometric properties. The participants included 213 subjects aged 18 to 69 years (Mean = 25.56; Standard Deviation = 8.70), mostly females (N = 159; 74.3%). All participants answered the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory and the Brazilian versions of the Revised NEO Personality Inventory and the Personality Inventory for DSM-5. A total of 470 new items were developed and selected using content analysis, and 39 items composed the final version. Based on the parallel analysis and factor analysis, three interpretable factors were found. The internal consistency coefficients showed adequate levels of reliability ranging between 0.80 and 0.91 for the factors. Additionally, expected correlations were found between the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory and the other tests. The present study demonstrated the adequacy of the dimension revised to assess pathological characteristics of the avoidant personality functioning

Problematic smartphone use relationship with pathological personality traits: Systematic review and meta-analysis

The present study aimed to investigate relationships between problematic use of smartphone and pathological personality traits. To do so, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis when sufficient information was presented. The literature search was conducted based on a search strategy including the keywords “smartphone” and “personality”. Variations were not included as we seek to increase the breadth of the search. Random effects models were used to generate standardized coefficient for meta-analysis. In total, the present study included 5 papers covering 6.096 participants. Our findings indicated a scarcity of studies meeting the criteria used, but evidence regarding the relationship between problematic use of smartphone and neuroticism and impulsivity traits were found. Meta-analysis using levels of problematic use of smartphone and neuroticism and impulsivity measures showed a significant and small to moderate effect size, with an observed heterogeneity (I2) equal to 97.26% (impulsivity) and 58.89% (neuroticism). More research should be carried out in the area, allowing the accumulation of evidence considering several personality pathological traits. The impulsivity and neuroticism traits should be further investigated, including studies with psychiatric samples. Future studies should seek to establish a standard for study design and assessment tools to be used

Investigation of the clinical functioning of the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory 2 criticism avoidance dimension

Abstract Objective: To investigate the clinical functioning of the criticism avoidance dimension from the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory 2 (Inventário Dimensional Clínico da Personalidade 2 [IDCP-2]), establishing a clinically relevant cut-off for the typical traits of avoidant personality disorder (AvPD) for screening purposes. Methods: We administered the IDCP-2 to a sample of 2,276 subjects aged 18 to 90 years (mean = 26.95, standard deviation = 9.71). Of the total sample, 1,650 were women (67%) and most were college students (72.7%). The sample was divided into psychiatric patients diagnosed with other personality disorders (PDs) (n = 53), patients diagnosed with AvPD without comorbidities (n = 10), patients with AvPD with comorbidities (n=42) and those without a known diagnosis of PD (nonpsychiatric patients; n=2,171). Results: We checked for psychometric properties, assessed the adequacy of psychometric assumptions, and proceeded to focus analyses. The Wright item-person map showed the predominance of patients with AvPD in high levels of the scale. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) post hoc comparisons pointed to significant and expressive differences for almost all the comparisons; in the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, we observed a sensitivity of 79% and a specificity of 87%. Conclusion: We found a suitable cut-off for the dimension, and results suggest that the dimension may help clinicians discriminate between patients with and without high levels in the symptoms of AvPD