El control interno en los servicios públicos domiciliarios

El control interno, entendido como un sistema, hoy día es una necesidad en el proceso de mejoramiento continuo de cualquier entidad ya se publico o privada. Contribuye a garantizar el cumplimiento de las actividades internas de la organización y la fortalecer el desarrollo de su objetivo social

African Loanwords in the History of English: A Diachronic Study Based on the OED

Trabajo de fin de Grado. Grado en Estudios Ingleses. Curso académico 2014-2015[ES]Este Trabajo de Fin de Grado se centra en el impacto léxico que las variedades no nativas del inglés que se usa en África tienen el inglés. Mi objetivo es analizar los préstamos léxicos africanos durante la historia del inglés teniendo en cuenta el testimonio que proporciona el Oxford English Dictionary (OED). Aunque al principio los editores del diccionario no estaban muy decididos en incluir palabras de origen africano y finalmente decidieron omitirlas, en la segunda y tercera edición cambiaron su política a favor de su inclusión en el diccionario, mostrando la importancia que estas palabras tienen en el inglés no solo hoy en día, sino también en el pasado. El análisis del corpus recuperado de la tercera edición del OED nos ayuda a entender el contacto léxico que el inglés tenía, y todavía tiene, con idiomas africanos como el suajili y el yoruba, cuándo este contacto era más notorio y cómo esto ha afectado al inglés en como un todo.[EN]This BA thesis focuses on the lexical impact of non-natives varieties of English used in Africa on the English language. My aim is to analyse African loanwords in the history of English looking at the evidence provided by the Oxford English Dictionary (OED). Although at first the editors of the dictionary were not very determined to include words of African origin and finally decided to omit them, in the second and third editions they changed their policy towards their inclusion in the dictionary, showing the importance that these words have on the English language not only nowadays, but also in the past. The analysis of the corpus retrieved from the third edition of the OED helps us to understand the lexical contact English had, and still has, with African languages such as Swahili and Yoruba, when this contact was more prominent and how this has affected the English language as a whole

Atomism, artefacts, and affordances

In this chapter, we argue against what we call the atomist assumption that has governed the recent recovery of artefacts in metaphysics. By drawing some parallels between artefacts and concepts, we hold a relational and holistic view on the nature of artefacts. Artefacts acquire their identity conditions only within a constellation of other artefacts and objects. We will also defend that the identity of an artefact is given by the affordances that constrain our agency within a cultural niche or transformative environment. As constitutive elements of these environments, artefacts do not stand isolated; what they are, fixed by what they afford, cannot be specified without referring to other artefacts, (natural) objects, and the (normative) practices that regulate the engagement with themThis paper has been written with the support of two research grants funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness on the nature of artefacts and their role in epistemic contexts (FFI2009-12054; FFI2013-45659-R

A Comparative Analysis of Phytovolume Estimation Methods Based on UAV-Photogrammetry and Multispectral Imagery in a Mediterranean Forest

Management and control operations are crucial for preventing forest fires, especially in Mediterranean forest areas with dry climatic periods. One of them is prescribed fires, in which the biomass fuel present in the controlled plot area must be accurately estimated. The most used methods for estimating biomass are time-consuming and demand too much manpower. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) carrying multispectral sensors can be used to carry out accurate indirect measurements of terrain and vegetation morphology and their radiometric characteristics. Based on the UAV-photogrammetric project products, four estimators of phytovolume were compared in a Mediterranean forest area, all obtained using the difference between a digital surface model (DSM) and a digital terrain model (DTM). The DSM was derived from a UAV-photogrammetric project based on the structure from a motion algorithm. Four different methods for obtaining a DTM were used based on an unclassified dense point cloud produced through a UAV-photogrammetric project (FFU), an unsupervised classified dense point cloud (FFC), a multispectral vegetation index (FMI), and a cloth simulation filter (FCS). Qualitative and quantitative comparisons determined the ability of the phytovolume estimators for vegetation detection and occupied volume. The results show that there are no significant differences in surface vegetation detection between all the pairwise possible comparisons of the four estimators at a 95% confidence level, but FMI presented the best kappa value (0.678) in an error matrix analysis with reference data obtained from photointerpretation and supervised classification. Concerning the accuracy of phytovolume estimation, only FFU and FFC presented differences higher than two standard deviations in a pairwise comparison, and FMI presented the best RMSE (12.3 m) when the estimators were compared to 768 observed data points grouped in four 500 m2 sample plots. The FMI was the best phytovolume estimator of the four compared for low vegetation height in a Mediterranean forest. The use of FMI based on UAV data provides accurate phytovolume estimations that can be applied on several environment management activities, including wildfire prevention. Multitemporal phytovolume estimations based on FMI could help to model the forest resources evolution in a very realistic way

Biblical translation: do different strategies produce divergent texts?

En el presente trabajo pretendemos comprobar la efectividad de las diferentes “estrategias de traducción” aplicadas a la traducción de la Biblia cristiana a través de un análisis histórico y textual de diversas versiones bíblicas a algunas lenguas vernáculas de Occidente (alemán y español). Dada la particularidad antropológica de los libros que la componen (el postulado de su inspiración divina), la posible aplicación de una estrategia traductiva dependerá del posicionamiento que frente al carácter sagrado del texto mantenga el posible traductor: si la considera un texto sacro e intocable, si admite la variación del tenor formal del texto mientras se salve el mensaje nuclear, o si, en orden a facilitar la fácil lectura y captación del mensaje, se permiten mayores alteraciones textuales. Comprobaremos si la estrategia de traducción (implícita o explícita) ha sido realmente decisiva a la hora de producir traducciones no coincidentes, tanto en el sentido, como en la literalidad y la literariedad (legibilidad) de los mismos.In our paper we intend to verify the effectiveness of the different “translation strategies” applied to the translation of the Christian Bible through a historical and textual analysis of various biblical versions into two vernacular languages of Western Europe (German and Spanish). Because of the anthropological particularity of the books that compose it (the postulate of its divine inspiration), the possible application of a translation strategy will depend on the position that the translator maintains regarding the sacred character of the text: if he/she considers it a sacred and untouchable text, if he/she admits the variation of the formal tenor of the text while the core message is saved, or if, in order to facilitate easy reading and understanding of the message, greater textual alterations are allowed. We will examine whether the translation strategy (implicit or explicit) has truly been decisive in producing mismatched translations, both in the meaning, and also in the literality and literariety (readability) of the texts

Fiebre de leche

Con el método propuesto para la toma del registro electroencefalográfico, se determinaron los valores para cada intervalo de clase en cada una de las variables (Vablas 1 y 2). Se presenta también una Tabla de valor promedio para cada una de las derivaciones y en cada una de las variables.Ganado de doble propósito-Ganaderia doble proposit

The multidimensionality of poverty: Time poverty in Spain

In the last few years the concept of poverty has evolved from simply being a measure of income poverty to a multidimensional measure that takes into consideration essential aspects for the attainment of certain levels of wellbeing. This paper assesses how the incorporation of time can contribute to the measurement of poverty. To this end, we reviewed the time poverty literature and focused on the Spanish case. We use the Spanish Time-Use Survey 2009-2010 to analyse time poverty in Spain, and estimate a probit model to assess the probability of being time poor in Spain and identify key factors associated with time poverty in Spain

Estudio exploratorio sobre el uso del marketing por parte del grupo terrorista Dáesh

En la actualidad, a pesar de que el grupo terrorista Dáesh ha perdido gran parte de los territorios que llegó a ocupar, sigue llevando a cabo su contienda digital. A través de Internet están consiguiendo radicalizar a muchos de los jóvenes que forman su público objetivo, gracias a un aparato de comunicación que se encarga de la producción y distribución de una enorme cantidad de material propagandístico. Esta nueva forma de comunicación terrorista ha sido analizada y estudiada en diferentes artículos de investigación, sin embargo, se ha realizado desde una perspectiva publicitaria más que como una estrategia de marketing. Con este trabajo se lleva a cabo un estudio exploratorio que pretende analizar si existe una relación entre el marketing y el terrorismo. También se quiere plasmar cuál es el nivel de importancia que adquiere Internet para el Dáesh como medio de comunicación. Esto se hará analizando la estrategia digital seguida por el grupo. Por último, con el fin de conocer su narrativa, se analiza el mensaje usado en sus campañas y que tanto ha calado entre cierto sector de la población musulmana.Nowadays, despite the fact that terrorist group Daesh has lost a vast part of the territories that occupied, it continues to carry out its digital battle. Through the Internet, many of the young people who are part of its target audience are being radicalized thanks to a device that is responsible for the production and distribution of a huge amount of propaganda material. This new way of terrorist communication has been studied and analysed in differents research articles, however, it has been done from an advertising perspective rather than as a marketing strategy. Here is where you can find a research niche optimal for this article. It has been decided to carry out an exploratory study that pretends to analyze if there is a relation between marketing and terrorism. Also, it wants to reflect what is the level of importance that the Internet acquires of Daesh as a means of communication. It will be done by analyzing the digital strategy used by the group. Finally, in orden to be aware of its narrative, we will look at the message used in their campaigns and that has left a mark on a certain sector of the muslim population

Importancia de la participación en semilleros de investigación

La formación para la investigación es una estrategia para optimizar el desempeño de los estudiantes, una forma de lograrlo y mejorar las competencias de los estudiantes es su participación en los semilleros de investigación de los docentes de los programas en la institución para participar o trabajar junto a ellos en los proyectos de investigación aplicada o cientıf́ica ejecutados dentro de la Universidad