La seguridad de la transfusión sanguínea en México

La presente revisión muestra los esfuerzos realizados en México para incrementar la seguridad transfusional en los últimos años. Si bien aún se depende de la donación de reposición familiar, se está impulsando la donación altruista de repetición. También se aborda el tema de las pruebas de escrutinio y la reciente introducción de las pruebas de biología molecular con el fin de incrementar la seguridad de las reservas sanguíneas. Por otro lado, resulta insoslayable la función que el médico que indica la transfusión desempeña para fortalecer (o hacer más vulnerable) la cadena transfusional, la cual inicia con el tipo de donante (altruista o no) y culmina en la transfusión del producto sanguíneo al paciente. Toda esta cadena transfusional es susceptible (y recomendable) de vigilar a través de un sistema de hemovigilancia. De fructificar todos estos esfuerzos, se espera que en el futuro mediato se incremente la seguridad transfusional y se cierre la brecha que aún separa a México de los países industrializados en esta materia

"¿Es posible una información crítica en TV?"

Se analiza el fenómeno del programa de televisión El intermedio, de La Sexta. Los inicios del proyecto, la repercusión, principales hitos alcanzados, recomendaciones a los estudiantes sobre cómo abordar las distintas facetas de las que se ocupa un programa de televisión de este corte (guion, reporterismo, etc.).Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Fatores sociodemográficos e psicológicos associados ao autocuidado e à qualidade de vida em adultos mexicanos com Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2

El propósito del presente trabajo fue identificar las variables sociodemográficas y psicológicas relacionadas con el autocuidado y la calidad de vida en adultos mexicanos con diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Se utilizó un diseño transversal en una muestra de 60 personas (93 % mujeres) entre 36 y 66 años de edad (M = 54.3, DE = 4.71) adscritas al sistema de salud pública en San Luis Potosí, México. Se midieron las variables de autocuidado, autoeficacia, conocimientos en diabetes, ansiedad, depresión y calidad de vida con la aplicación de las escalas EECAC, EAG, DKQ-24, AMAS, BDI-II y SF-36. En el análisis de resultados se utilizó un análisis de regresión lineal para evaluar el impacto de las variables medidas sobre el autocuidado y la calidad de vida. En general, el modelo explicó 33.9 % de la variación del autocuidado a través de las variables depresión (β = -.27) y autoeficacia (β = .74). El 56 % de variación en calidad de vida relacionada con la salud física se explicó a partir de las variables depresión (β = -.34) y autocuidado (β = .34). En su componente de salud mental, el 43.4 % de la variación en calidad de vida se explicó a través de la ansiedad (β = -.26) y la depresión (β = -.40). Finalmente, la percepción positiva de autoeficacia y el estado de salud libre de ansiedad y depresión resultaron ser factores determinantes para el autocuidado y la calidad de vida relacionada con la saludO propósito deste trabalho foi identificar as variáveis sociodemográficas e psicológicas relacionadas com o autocuidado e a qualidade de vida em adultos mexicanos com diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Utilizou-se um desenho transversal numa amostra de 60 pessoas (93 % mulheres) entre 36 e 66 anos (M = 54.3, DP = 4.71), vinculadas ao sistema de saúde pública em San Luis Potosí, México. Foram medidas as variáveis de autocuidado, autoeficácia, conhecimento em diabetes, ansiedade, depressão e qualidade de vida com a aplicação das escalas EECAC, EAG, DKQ-24, AMAS, BDI-II e SF-36. Na análise de resultados, utilizou-se a análise de regressão linear para avaliar o impacto das variáveis medidas sobre o autocuidado e a qualidade de vida. Em geral, o modelo explicou 33.9 % da variação do autocuidado por meio das variáveis depressão (β = -.27) e autoeficácia (β = .74). 56 % de variação em qualidade de vida relacionada com a saúde física foram explicadas a partir das variáveis depressão (β = -.34) e autocuidado (β = .34). Em seu componente de saúde mental, 43.4 % da variação em qualidade de vida foram explicadas por meio da ansiedade (β = -.26) e da depressão (β = -.40). Finalmente, a percepção positiva de autoeficácia e o estado de saúde livre de ansiedade e depressão foram fatores determinantes para o autocuidado e a qualidade de vida relacionada com a saúde.The purpose of the present study was to identify sociodemographic and psychological variables related to self-care and quality of life in Mexican adults with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. A cross-sectional design was used in a sample of 60 people (93% women) aged between 36 and 66 years (M = 54.3, SD = 4.71) attached to the public health system in San Luis Potosí, Mexico. Self-care, self-efficacy, knowledge about diabetes, anxiety, depression and quality of life were measured using the EECAC, EAG, DKQ-24, AMAS, BDI-II and SF-36 scales. For data processing, a linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the impact of the measured variables on self-care and quality of life. In general, the model explained 33.9% of the variance of self-care through the variables depression (β = -.27) and self-efficacy (β = .74). The 56% variance in quality of life related to physical health was explained by the variables depression (β = -34) and self-care (β = .34). In their mental health component, 43.4% of variance in quality of life was explained through anxiety (β = -.26) and depression (β = -.40). Finally, the positive perception of self-efficacy and health status free from anxiety and depression were determinant factors for self-care and healthrelated quality of life

Modelling actual evapotranspiration using a two source energy balance model with Sentinel imagery in herbaceous-free and herbaceous-cover Mediterranean olive orchards

To the European Space Agency for the imagery of the Sentinel Missions and its open access. Special thanks to Radoslaw Guzinski for share and make accessible (https://github.com/radosuav/pyDMS) the implemented software for the used sharpening process (likewise to Hector Nieto for the implemented TSEB-PT, https://github.com/hectornieto/pyTSEB).To the Group of Castillo de Canena for the use of their farm as an experimental site and their people for continuous cooperation. We also give special thanks to Andrew S. Kowalski for his advice and suggestions. We would like also to express our gratitude to the anonymous reviewers for their comments and suggestions that enhanced this work. This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through project CGL2017-83538-C3-1-R (ELEMENTAL) and PID2020-117825GB-C21 (INTEGRATYON3) Including European Union ERDF funds [grant number PRE2018-085638]. Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Granada/CBUA.Precipitation deficit and more extreme drought and precipitation events are expected to increase in the Mediterranean region due to global warming. A great part of this region is covered by olive orchards, representing 97.5% of the world’s olive agricultural area. Thus, the adaptation of olive cultivation demands climate-smart management, such as the optimization of water use efficiency, since evapotranspiration is one of the most important components of the water balance. The novelty of this work is the combination of the remote sensing data fusion and the Two Source Energy Balance (TSEB) model (through Sentinel-2 and Sentinel-3 imagery) to estimate the actual daily evapotranspiration (ETd), at high spatial (20 m) and temporal (daily) resolution, in an olive orchard under two management regimes: herbaceous free (HF) and herbaceous-cover (HC); along a three years period, based on the hypothesis that TSEB is still able to track and estimate the evapotranspiration over more complex canopies. The study was carried out from 2016 to 2019 in an olive orchard in the South of Spain, where the flux estimates were validated and assessed by in situ eddy covariance (EC) measurements. The results show better agreement in HC for net radiation (Rn) and the soil heat flux (G), but similar for both surfaces regarding the sensible (H) and latent (λE) heat fluxes, as well as ETd. On both surfaces greater differences obtained at higher H, and the magnitude of overestimation of λE and ETd were influenced by the EC energy imbalance. By contrast, G was overestimated with HC probably influenced by herbs, and equally underestimated for HF surfaces. The obtained results are in agreement with similar studies in tree crop orchards, and show the consistency of the used methodology and its usefulness for some farming activities, even on the more heterogeneous surface.Spanish Government CGL2017-83538-C3-1-R PID2020-117825GB-C21European Commission PRE2018-085638Universidad de Granada/CBU

Gastrointestinal Langerhans cell histiocytosis responding to cladribine and imatinib mesylate

Gastrointestinal involvement in Langerhans cells histiocytosis (LCH) is extremely rare. An optimal treatment regimen is not defined yet and its prognosis is relatively poor. Cladribine, and more recently, Imatinib mesylate (IM) have been recommended as treatment options in refractory LCH. Here we present a case of gastrointestinal involvement in an adult patient with LCH refractory to several treatment regimens who responded nicely to cladribine and currently treated with IM 300 mg/day, as maintenance, for the last 24 months

Prototipo de un sistema híbrido de energía fotovoltaica eólica

Currently, investment in renewable energies such as wind, geothermal and solar photovoltaic is the most reliable way forward for the energy transition to low environmental impact energy sources. While large wind and solar power generation parks have yielded favourable results, there are still many areas of opportunity to improve generation performance and further minimise environmental impact, such as hybrid power generation systems. The objective of this work was to develop a prototype of a hybrid energy system, wind and photovoltaic, which allows us to generate electricity by using renewable energy sources as raw material and in a more sustainable way by reducing emissions compared to traditional generation sources. Starting from a previous dimensioning of the climatic variables, the design of the system, the assembly and operation tests of a prototype that in the same structure, contains a photovoltaic module, a Savonius type wind rotor, a control panel and their respective storage units (for this case of off-grid generation), where we can expect a lower wear in the saturation of the electricity grid because, being a hybrid system, multiple sources are used, so that, if intermittency occurs, the energy generation is not completely lost.Actualmente la inversión en energías de renovables como la eólica, geotérmica o la solar fotovoltaica se presenta como el camino más confiable para la transición energética a fuentes energéticas de bajo impacto ambiental. Si bien los grandes parques eólicos y solares de generación han dado resultados favorables existen aún muchas áreas de oportunidad para mejorar el rendimiento de generación y minimizar aún más el impacto medioambiental, como es el caso de los sistemas híbridos de generación de energía. El objetivo de este trabajo fue elaborar el prototipo de un sistema híbrido de energía, eólica y fotovoltaica; que nos permita generar energía eléctrica mediante la utilización de energía fuentes renovables como materia prima y de manera más sustentable al reducir emisiones comparada con fuentes de generación tradicionales. Partiendo desde un dimensionamiento previo de las variables climáticas, el diseño del sistema, el armado y las pruebas de funcionamiento de un prototipo que en una misma estructura, contiene un módulo fotovoltaico, un rotor eólico tipo Savonius, un panel de control y sus respectivas unidades de almacenamiento (para este caso de generación fuera de la red local), en donde podemos esperar un menor desgaste en la saturación de la red eléctrica debido a que, al ser sistema híbrido, se utilizan múltiples fuentes, por lo que, si se llega a presentar intermitencia, no se pierde por completo la generación de energía

Improving drug discovery using a neural networks based parallel scoring function

Virtual Screening (VS) methods can considerably aid clinical research, predicting how ligands interact with drug targets. Most VS methods suppose a unique binding site for the target, but it has been demonstrated that diverse ligands interact with unrelated parts of the target and many VS methods do not take into account this relevant fact. This problem is circumvented by a novel VS methodology named BINDSURF that scans the whole protein surface to find new hotspots, where ligands might potentially interact with, and which is implemented in massively parallel Graphics Processing Units, allowing fast processing of large ligand databases. BINDSURF can thus be used in drug discovery, drug design, drug repurposing and therefore helps considerably in clinical research. However, the accuracy of most VS methods is constrained by limitations in the scoring function that describes biomolecular interactions, and even nowadays these uncertainties are not completely understood. In order to solve this problem, we propose a novel approach where neural networks are trained with databases of known active (drugs) and inactive compounds, and later used to improve VS predictions.This work has been jointly supported by the Fundación Séneca (Agencia Regional de Ciencia y Tecnología de la Región de Murcia) under grant 15290/PI/2010, by the Spanish MINECO and the European Commission FEDER funds under grants TIN2009-14475-C04 and TIN2012-31345, and by the Catholic University of Murcia (UCAM) under grant PMAFI/26/12. This work was partially supported by the computing facilities of Extremadura Research Centre for Advanced Technologies (CETA-CIEMAT), funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). CETA-CIEMAT belongs to CIEMAT and the Government of Spain