Rúbricas del módulo de Morfo-fisiología humana básica: su efectividad en la evaluación del rendimiento académico de los estudiantes del primer año de la carrera de Medicina Humana en la Universidad Peruana Unión, 2017

El trabajo de investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la efectividad del uso de rúbricas del módulo de Morfo-fisiología humana básica en el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes del primer año de la carrera de Medicina Humana en la Universidad Peruana Unión, 2017. El estudio fue de enfoque cuantitativo, diseño cuasi experimental y de corte longitudinal. La muestra fue no probabilística y estuvo conformada por 58 alumnos de la carrera de Medicina Humana, matriculados en el ciclo 2017-1 y que aceptaron participar en el estudio. De igual manera, se dividieron a los grupos como grupo control y experimental, estando integrado cada uno por 29 alumnos. Las rúbricas fueron validadas por juicio de 5 expertos con un valor de V de Aiken de 0,85. Los resultados revelaron que existe diferencia significativa entre las notas teóricas del grupo control y experimental con un p-valor de 0,0001. Por lo tanto, se concluye que el uso de rúbricas mejora el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes en el curso de Morfo-fisiología básica.TesisLIMAEscuela de PosgradoTeorías, métodos, organización y planificación de la educació

Detection of SARS-CoV-2 variants in hospital wastewater in Peru, 2022

Objetivo. Identificar la presencia del virus SARS-CoV-2 en aguas residuales de hospitales en Perú. Materiales y métodos. Se recolectaron muestras de agua en los efluentes de nueve hospitales del Perú durante marzo y septiembre de 2022 y se realizó la identificación de SARS-CoV-2 mediante secuenciación Illumina. Las asignaciones de variantes, linajes y clados se llevaron a cabo con las herramientas Illumina y Nextclado. Verificamos si las variantes de SARS-CoV-2 obtenida de las aguas residuales fueron similares a las reportadas por el Instituto Nacional de Salud del Perú procedentes de pacientes durante el mismo período y región. Resultados. Dieciocho de las 20 muestras de aguas residuales hospitalarias (90%) proporcionaron secuencias con la calidad suficiente para ser clasificadas como variante Ómicron según la clasificación de la OMS. Entre ellos, seis (30%) fueron asignados por Nextclade a los clados 21K linaje BA.1.1 (n=1), 21 L linaje BA.2 (n=2) y 22B linajes BA.5.1 (n=2) y BA.5.5 (n=1). Conclusiones. Se encontraron variantes del SARSCoV- 2 en muestras de aguas residuales hospitalarias y que fueron similares a las reportadas por el sistema de vigilancia en pacientes durante las mismas semanas y áreas geográficas. El monitoreo de aguas residuales podría proporcionar información sobre la variación ambiental y temporal de virus como el SARS-CoV-2.Este trabajo contó con el apoyo de la Escuela de Medicina de la Unión Universidad Peruana y GenLab del Perú S.A.C e Illumina Inc. bajo la convocatoria GenLab 2021

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Iconografía médica 1

Iconografía médica

Iconografía Médica

Iconografía Médic

Revista Temas Agrarios Volumen 26; Suplemento 1 de 2021

1st International and 2nd National Symposium of Agronomic Sciences: The rebirth of the scientific discussion space for the Colombian Agro.1 Simposio Intenacional y 2 Nacional de Ciencias Agronómicas: El renacer del espacio de discusión científica para el Agro colombiano

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data