The law is spider’s web: an assessment of illegal deforestation in the Argentine Dry Chaco ten years after the enactment of the “Forest Law”

Deforestation control is one of the major challenges worldwide. The aim of this study was to analyse deforestation under the Forest Law in the Argentine Dry Chaco ecoregion a decade after its enactment and to assess compliance with forest protection standards in this region. For this purpose, we overlapped the provincial land zoning maps with an annual plot level deforestation database and, for some provinces, with the rural cadastral cartography. Deforestation exceeding the values allowed by the Forest Law and the provincial zonings during this period totalized 722,782 ha (28% of the total deforested area in this period), of which 59,732 ha were deforested in high conservation value areas, 644,396 ha in medium conservation value areas and 18,654 ha in low conservation value areas. While Santiago del Estero was the province with the highest deforested area in medium conservation value areas, Córdoba was the province with the highest deforested area in high conservation value areas. Our results are an important step towards identifying discrepancies between the legal objectives and the observed results and represent an input to think about solutions to improve the environmental governance of the region

Neurological recovery after traumatic spinal cord injury: prognostic value of magnetic resonance

[Abstract] Study design: Retrospective observational study. Objectives: Assess the relationship between Magnetic Resonance (MR) image patterns and neurological recovery in patients with Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury (TSCI). Setting: Spinal cord injury unit in Spain. Methods: Patients admitted for acute TSCI between January 2010 and December 2018 with a MR exam performed in the acute phase were selected. Five patterns were established: normal, single-level edema, multilevel edema, hemorrhage, and spinal cord transection. Comparisons between the ASIA Injury Severity (AIS) score and Motor Index (MI) at admission and at discharge were made. Results: Collected 296 patients. Normal and cord transection patterns were excluded due to the low number of cases. Single-level edema pattern was primarily observed in cases with incomplete injuries, hemorrhage pattern in complete injuries, and multilevel edema pattern at similar percentages in complete and incomplete lesions. Improvement of the AIS score was found in 40.9% of single-level edema, 20.2% of multilevel edema, and 19.0% of hemorrhage (p = 0.042) patterns. By excluding the AIS grade D from the analyses, the figures increased to 70.3%, 52.2%, and 19.4% respectively (p < 0.001). This significant relationship was confirmed by multivariate analysis, although it was not as relevant as the examination according to ASIA-ISCoS performed at admission (p = 0.005 vs p < 0.001). Mean variation of the MI was also significantly different (p < 0.001) between the three groups: 22.6 ± 21.4 for single-level edema, 16.9 ± 21.1 for multilevel edema, and 4.5 ± 8.4 for hemorrhage. Conclusion: MR injury patterns observed at the acute phase are associated with the possibility of improvement of the AIS score and MI

Influencia de la diversidad biológica y química de las forrajeras nativas del NE de Mendoza sobre el comportamiento alimentario de cabras criollas

La producción caprina extensiva es la actividad ganadera más importante del NE de Lavalle, los animales pastorean en comunidades vegetales muy heterogéneas, con gran variabilidad en la disponibilidad y calidad de los recursos forrajeros. Éstos incluyen especies con compuestos secundarios (CS) como: fenoles, taninos condensados, saponinas, etc. Estos CS, junto con la disponibilidad y calidad nutricional, afectan el comportamiento alimentario de las cabras. El objetivo general es estudiar el patrón de selección de diferentes especies nativas por cabras criollas, y específicamente en este trabajo: determinar el contenido de CS en diferentes especies y la composición nutricional de la dieta de las cabras en invierno

Complex brain circuits studied via simultaneous and permanent detection of three transported neuroanatomical tracers in the same histological section.

Experimental neuroanatomical tracing methods lie at the basis of the study of the nervous system. When the scientific question is relatively straightforward, it may be sufficient to derive satisfactory answers from experiments in which a single neuroanatomical tracing method is applied. In various scientific paradigms however, for instance when the degree of convergence of two different projections on a particular cortical area or subcortical nucleus is the subject of study, the application of single tracing methods can be either insufficient or uneconomical to solve the questions asked. In cases where chains of projections are the subjects of study, the simultaneous application of two tracing methods or even more may be compulsory. The present contribution focuses on combinations of several neuroanatomical tract-tracing strategies, enabling in the end the simultaneous, unambiguous and permanent detection of three transported markers according to a three-color paradigm. A number of combinations of three tracers or of two tracers plus the immunocytochemical detection of a neuroactive substance can be conceived; we describe several of these combinations implemented by us using the present multitracer protocol

Respuesta del algodón (Gossypium hirsutum) a la biofertilización en distintos ambientes.

Fil: Kozak, Sebastián A. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina.Fil: Cossoli, Marcela Rosa. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina.Fil: Romero, Amalia María Eugenia. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina.Fil: Gómez, Gonzalo A. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina.Fil: González Leguizamón, Rosa. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina.Fil: Iglesias, María Cándida. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina

Ecocardiograma transesofágico

Una de las principales limitaciones que presenta el estudio ecocardiográfico a través de la pared torácica es la mala calidad de imagen que se observa en determinados pacientes, que a veces dificultan o imposibilitan la obtención de estudios adecuados. Con el fin de subsanar estas limitaciones se ha desarrollado el ecocardiograma transesofágico que realiza el estudio a través de una sonda introducida en el esófago, estructura muy cercana al corazón, lo que permite la obtención de estudios de muy alta calidad y de gran importancia, en especial en determinadas patologías (endocarditis, prótesis valvulares, etc)

Influencia de la diversidad química de forrajeras nativas del Noreste de Mendoza sobre el comportamiento selectivo de cabras criollas

La maximización de nutrientes, la minimización de compuestos secundarios y la saciedad por un determinado ítem alimentario permitirían explicar el comportamiento selectivo de los herbívoros en función de las características químicas de las plantas. Objetivo Estudiar la implicancia de estas teorías en la preferencia dietaria de las cabras