97 research outputs found
Bankruptcy Court Jurisdiction Over Tribal Creditors: Lower Brule Construction Co. v. Sheesley\u27s Plumbing & Heating Co.
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Decision making theory with geographic information systems support
Decisions are made with varying degrees of effectiveness and efficiency and are influenced by a myriad of internal and external forces. Decision Support Systems (DSS) software can effectively aid decision making through processing the facts and producing meaningful outputs for use by the person or team in making the final choice. Geographic Information Systems (GIS), a form of DSS, are very effective when locational data are present. This thesis talks about using GIS software in decision making procedures
The Effectiveness of Health Care Coordinators within a Novel Home Care Model for Elders
Introduction. Our project studied the effectiveness of health care coordinators in a program known as Support and Services at Home (SASH). SASH has been designed to fill the needs of independent, home-bound elders who still need regular access to healthcare.https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/comphp_gallery/1191/thumbnail.jp
The Long-Baseline Neutrino Experiment: Exploring Fundamental Symmetries of the Universe
The preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early Universe, the
dynamics of the supernova bursts that produced the heavy elements necessary for
life and whether protons eventually decay --- these mysteries at the forefront
of particle physics and astrophysics are key to understanding the early
evolution of our Universe, its current state and its eventual fate. The
Long-Baseline Neutrino Experiment (LBNE) represents an extensively developed
plan for a world-class experiment dedicated to addressing these questions. LBNE
is conceived around three central components: (1) a new, high-intensity
neutrino source generated from a megawatt-class proton accelerator at Fermi
National Accelerator Laboratory, (2) a near neutrino detector just downstream
of the source, and (3) a massive liquid argon time-projection chamber deployed
as a far detector deep underground at the Sanford Underground Research
Facility. This facility, located at the site of the former Homestake Mine in
Lead, South Dakota, is approximately 1,300 km from the neutrino source at
Fermilab -- a distance (baseline) that delivers optimal sensitivity to neutrino
charge-parity symmetry violation and mass ordering effects. This ambitious yet
cost-effective design incorporates scalability and flexibility and can
accommodate a variety of upgrades and contributions. With its exceptional
combination of experimental configuration, technical capabilities, and
potential for transformative discoveries, LBNE promises to be a vital facility
for the field of particle physics worldwide, providing physicists from around
the globe with opportunities to collaborate in a twenty to thirty year program
of exciting science. In this document we provide a comprehensive overview of
LBNE's scientific objectives, its place in the landscape of neutrino physics
worldwide, the technologies it will incorporate and the capabilities it will
possess.Comment: Major update of previous version. This is the reference document for
LBNE science program and current status. Chapters 1, 3, and 9 provide a
comprehensive overview of LBNE's scientific objectives, its place in the
landscape of neutrino physics worldwide, the technologies it will incorporate
and the capabilities it will possess. 288 pages, 116 figure
Effects of adenosine A2A receptor activation and alanyl-glutamine in Clostridium difficile toxin-induced ileitis in rabbits and cecitis in mice
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Severe <it>Clostridium difficile </it>toxin-induced enteritis is characterized by exuberant intestinal tissue inflammation, epithelial disruption and diarrhea. Adenosine, through its action on the adenosine A<sub>2A </sub>receptor, prevents neutrophillic adhesion and oxidative burst and inhibits inflammatory cytokine production. Alanyl-glutamine enhances intestinal mucosal repair and decreases apoptosis of enterocytes. This study investigates the protection from enteritis by combination therapy with ATL 370, an adenosine A<sub>2A </sub>receptor agonist, and alanyl-glutamine in a rabbit and murine intestinal loop models of <it>C. difficile </it>toxin A-induced epithelial injury.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Toxin A with or without alanyl-glutamine was administered intraluminally to rabbit ileal or murine cecal loops. Animals were also given either PBS or ATL 370 parenterally. Ileal tissues were examined for secretion, histopathology, apoptosis, Cxcl1/KC and IL-10.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>ATL 370 decreased ileal secretion and histopathologic changes in loops treated with Toxin A. These effects were reversed by the A<sub>2A </sub>receptor antagonist, SCH 58261, in a dose-dependent manner. The combination of ATL 370 and alanyl-glutamine significantly further decreased ileal secretion, mucosal injury and apoptosis more than loops treated with either drug alone. ATL 370 and alanyl-glutamine also decreased intestinal tissue KC and IL-10.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Combination therapy with an adenosine A<sub>2A </sub>receptor agonist and alanyl-glutamine is effective in reversing <it>C. difficile </it>toxin A-induced epithelial injury, inflammation, secretion and apoptosis in animals and has therapeutic potential for the management of <it>C. difficile </it>infection.</p
Adaptive filters and internal models: Multilevel description of cerebellar function
Cerebellar function is increasingly discussed in terms of engineering schemes for motor control and signal processing that involve internal models. To address the relation between the cerebellum and internal models, we adopt the chip metaphor that has been used to represent the combination of a homogeneous cerebellar cortical microcircuit with individual microzones having unique external connections. This metaphor indicates that identifying the function of a particular cerebellar chip requires knowledge of both the general microcircuit algorithm and the chip's individual connections.Here we use a popular candidate algorithm as embodied in the adaptive filter, which learns to decorrelate its inputs from a reference ('teaching', 'error') signal. This algorithm is computationally powerful enough to be used in a very wide variety of engineering applications. However, the crucial issue is whether the external connectivity required by such applications can be implemented biologically.We argue that some applications appear to be in principle biologically implausible: these include the Smith predictor and Kalman filter (for state estimation), and the feedback-error-learning scheme for adaptive inverse control. However, even for plausible schemes, such as forward models for noise cancellation and novelty-detection, and the recurrent architecture for adaptive inverse control, there is unlikely to be a simple mapping between microzone function and internal model structure.This initial analysis suggests that cerebellar involvement in particular behaviours is therefore unlikely to have a neat classification into categories such as 'forward model'. It is more likely that cerebellar microzones learn a task-specific adaptive-filter operation which combines a number of signal-processing roles. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd
New Directions For Mutual Fund Governance In Canada: Investor Protection From Excessive Fees and Expenses
Canadian investors pay among the highest expenses and advisory fees worldwide.
There is currently no mechanism in the existing Canadian mutual fund governance
regime to protect investors against excessive advisory fees. Recent changes to the
Canadian securities regulatory framework were precipitated by the mutual fund scandal
in Canada and the United States that involved late trading and market timing and
involved introduction of national instruments for enhancing disclosure and the
introduction of an independent review committee focussed upon conflicts of interest.
While the existing disclosure mechanism in Canada is appropriate, it is not effective
because investors do not fully understand the information being disclosed. An enhanced
program of public involvement, particip~tion and education should be conducted in
Canada to enhance investor protection such that disclosure is an effective governance
mechanism. This program should include increased involvement and participation of
investors in the development and implementation of mutual governance mechanism in
Canada. The Independent Review Committee falls short of the governance agency
contemplated by the Canadian securities regulators' Concept Proposal and
recommendations in the related reports commissioned by these agencies. I recommend a fund board as an appropriate mutual governance agency for Canada, which should have a fiduciary duty for investor protection from excessive mutual fund expenses and fees
Sedimentology and taphonomy of storm-generated shell beds from the Verulam formation (Ordovician), Lakefield and Gamebridge quarries, Southern Ontario, Canada /
The Verulam Formation (Middle Ordovician) at the Lakefield Quarry
and Gamebridge Quarry, southern Ontario, is comprised of five main
lithofacies. These include shoal deposits consisting of Lithofacies 1,
winnowed crinoidal grainstones and, shelf deposits consisting of:
Lithofacies 2, wackestones, packstones, grainstones, and rudstones;
Lithofacies 3, laminated calcisiltites; Lithofacies 4, nodular wackestones
and mudstones; and, Lithofacies 5, laminated mudstones and shales. The
distribution of the lithofacies was influenced by variations in storm
frequency and intensity during a relative sea level fall.
Predominant convex-up attitudes of concavo-convex shells within
shell beds suggest syndepositional reworking during storm events. The
bimodal orientations of shell axes on the upper surfaces of the shell beds
indicates deposition under wave-generated currents. The sedimentary
features and shell orientations indicate that the shell beds were deposited
during storm events and not by the gradual accumulation of shelly material.
Cluster and principal component analysis of relative abundance data
of the taxa in the shell beds, interbedded nodular wackestones and
mudstones, and laminated mudstones and shales, indicates one biofacies
comprised of three main assemblages: a strophomenid (Sowerbyelladominated)
assemblage, a transitional mixed strophomenid-atrypid
assemblage and an atrypid (Zygospira-dominatQd) assemblage. The
occurrence of the strophomenid, the strophomenid-atrypid and atrypid
assemblages were controlled by storm-driven allogenic taphonomic
feedback
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