Subleading-twist effects in single-spin asymmetries in semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering on a longitudinally polarized hydrogen target

Single-spin asymmetries in the semi-inclusive production of charged pions in deep-inelastic scattering from transversely and longitudinally polarized proton targets are combined to evaluate the subleading-twist contribution to the longitudinal case. This contribution is significantly positive for (\pi^+) mesons and dominates the asymmetries on a longitudinally polarized target previously measured by \hermes. The subleading-twist contribution for (\pi^-) mesons is found to be small

Risk profiles and one-year outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation in India: Insights from the GARFIELD-AF Registry.

BACKGROUND: The Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF) is an ongoing prospective noninterventional registry, which is providing important information on the baseline characteristics, treatment patterns, and 1-year outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). This report describes data from Indian patients recruited in this registry. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 52,014 patients with newly diagnosed AF were enrolled globally; of these, 1388 patients were recruited from 26 sites within India (2012-2016). In India, the mean age was 65.8 years at diagnosis of NVAF. Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor for AF, present in 68.5% of patients from India and in 76.3% of patients globally (P < 0.001). Diabetes and coronary artery disease (CAD) were prevalent in 36.2% and 28.1% of patients as compared with global prevalence of 22.2% and 21.6%, respectively (P < 0.001 for both). Antiplatelet therapy was the most common antithrombotic treatment in India. With increasing stroke risk, however, patients were more likely to receive oral anticoagulant therapy [mainly vitamin K antagonist (VKA)], but average international normalized ratio (INR) was lower among Indian patients [median INR value 1.6 (interquartile range {IQR}: 1.3-2.3) versus 2.3 (IQR 1.8-2.8) (P < 0.001)]. Compared with other countries, patients from India had markedly higher rates of all-cause mortality [7.68 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval 6.32-9.35) vs 4.34 (4.16-4.53), P < 0.0001], while rates of stroke/systemic embolism and major bleeding were lower after 1 year of follow-up. CONCLUSION: Compared to previously published registries from India, the GARFIELD-AF registry describes clinical profiles and outcomes in Indian patients with AF of a different etiology. The registry data show that compared to the rest of the world, Indian AF patients are younger in age and have more diabetes and CAD. Patients with a higher stroke risk are more likely to receive anticoagulation therapy with VKA but are underdosed compared with the global average in the GARFIELD-AF. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION-URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01090362

A safety assessment of the use of graphite in nuclear reactors licensed by the US NRC

This report reviews existing literature and knowledge on graphite burning and on stored energy accumulation and releases in order to assess what role, if any, a stored energy release can have in initiating or contributing to hypothetical graphite burning scenarios in research reactors. It also addresses the question of graphite ignition and self-sustained combustion in the event of a loss-of-coolant accident (LOCA). The conditions necessary to initiate and maintain graphite burning are summarized and discussed. From analyses of existing information it is concluded that only stored energy accumulations and releases below the burning temperature (650/sup 0/C) are pertinent. After reviewing the existing knowledge on stored energy it is possible to show that stored energy releases do not occur spontaneously, and that the maximum stored energy that can be released from any reactor containing graphite is a very small fraction of the energy produced during the first few minutes of a burning incident. The conclusions from these analyses are that the potential to initiate or maintain a graphite burning incident is essentially independent of the stored energy in the graphite, and depends on other factors that are unique for these reactors, research reactors, and for Fort St. Vrain. In order to have self-sustained rapid graphite oxidation in any of these reactors, certain necessary conditions of geometry, temperature, oxygen supply, reaction product removal, and a favorable heat balance must be maintained. There is no new evidence associated with either the Windscale Accident or the Chernobyl Accident that indicates a credible potential for a graphite burning accident in any of the reactors considered in this review

Spontaneous and pharmacologically-induced vasoconstrictive responses of rat aortic rings are attenuated by balloon angioplasty

The effects of arterial dilatation with differently sized PTCA catheters on prestretch-induced, receptor-induced and voltage-induced vasoconstriction was investigated. Rat aortic rings were kept incubated in HEPES buffer for 0,3,6, and 12 hours before mounting in the experimental set-up for contraction measurements. Balloon dilation (BD) was applied prior to incubation or directly before measurement following a period of incubation. Isometric force was measured after applying a prestretch to the vascular rings. The ring then contracted spontaneously or, if not, was brought to contraction by norepinephrine (NE, 50 microM) or potassium ions (K+, 30 mM). Prestretch-induced vasoconstriction reached maximum values after 6 hours of incubation. NE-induced vasoconstriction was maximal at 6 hours of incubation and K(+)-induced vasoconstriction kept rising up to 12 hours of incubation. The addition of enoximone resulted in vasodilatation (ED50 = 0.1 microM) of prestretch-induced vasoconstriction, but was less potent (ED50 = 168 microM) if added to NE-induced or K(+)-induced vasoconstricted rings. BD applied before the incubation period reduced prestretch-induced, receptor-induced and voltage-induced contractions (the effectivity decreasing in that order) and did not elicit vasospastic activity. BD applied after the incubation period and immediately before the contraction measurements prevented the occurrence of prestretch-induced spontaneous contractions, caused a nonsignificant (p = 0.08) decrease of NE-induced vasoconstriction, and had no effect on K(+)-induced vasoconstriction. It is concluded that this model to study spontaneous and induced vasoactivity elucidates the consequences of the application of balloon dilatation in nonatherosclerotic vascular rings

Barn och dyslexi : barns förhållningssätt till diagnosen dyslexi/läs- och skrivsvårigheter (Reviderad version)

Den här diskussionen kommer att fördjupas inom ramen för ett mer omfattande tvärvetenskapligt forskningsprojekt som heter Välfärdsstatens omvandling och en ny barndom, i vilket Barn ocll dyslexi ingår som ett delprojekt. Det förra är ett forskningsprojekt som ur historiskalsociologiska och psykologiskalpedagogiska perspektiv närrnar sig en rad frågestallningar kring bamdomens innebord, forhållandet mellan barn, föräldrar, samhälle och stat och hur detta har präglats av välfardsstatens förändring under de senaste årtiondena. I den föreliggande texten är det den andra frågestallningen som står i fokus det vill säga den del av studien som riktar sig emot enskilda barns sätt att använda dyslexi/läs- och skrivsvårigheter. I de avsnitt som följer tänker jag ge en överblick över hur jag kom i kontakt med bamen och deras föräldrar och en rad andra metodologiska överväganden som följer en studie av det har slaget. Därefter presenteras bamens berättande om dyslexi/läs- och skrivsvårigheter, deras erfarenheter från skola och specialundervisning relaterat till hur de väljer att presentera sig själva i en intervjusituation

A comparison of the vasorelaxant effects of enoximone and dibutyryl cyclic AMP measured in rat aortic rings

After preconstriction of rat aortic rings by norepinephrine (NE; 5*10(-5) M) or by high potassium (K+; 3*10(-2) M), a dose-dependent relaxation was induced by enoximone (E) in a range of 1*10(-5) M - 2*10(-4) M. The time to 50% dilatation was constant in that range, with mean values of 2.2 (NE) and 3.8 (K+) minutes. Also dibutyryl cyclic AMP (Db cAMP) in a range of 6*10(-5) M - 2*10(-3) M produced a dose-dependent relaxation. Comparison of the concentrations of E and Db cAMP producing equal extent of vasorelaxation demonstrated that inhibition of phosphodiesterase with E proved to be more effective than adding Db cAMP in equimolar dose