Structural imaging of the brain reveals decreased total brain and total gray matter volumes in obese but not in lean women with polycystic ovary syndrome compared to body mass index-matched counterparts

Purpose: To detect differences in global brain volumes and identify relations between brain volume and appetite-related hormones in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) compared to body mass index-matched controls. Methods: Forty subjects participated in this study. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging and measurements of fasting ghrelin, leptin and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), as well as GLP-1 levels during mixed-meal tolerance test (MTT), were performed. Results: Total brain volume and total gray matter volume (GMV) were decreased in obese PCOS compared to obese controls (p < 0.05 for both) whereas lean PCOS and controls did not show a significant difference. Secondary analyses of regional brain volumes showed decreases in GMV of the caudate nucleus, ventral diencephalon and hippocampus in obese PCOS compared to obese controls (p < 0.05 for all), whereas lean patients with PCOS had lower GMV in the amygdala than lean controls (p < 0.05). No significant relations were detected between structural differences and measured hormone levels at baseline or during MTT. Conclusion: This study, investigating structural brain alterations in PCOS, suggests volumetric reductions in global brain areas in obese women with PCOS. Functional studies with larger sample size are needed to determine physiopathological roles of these changes and potential effects of long-term medical management on brain structure of PCOS. © 2017 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group

Effect of resveratrol on apoptosis and MDM2, RUNX3, RB gene expressions in human acute myeloid leukemia cells by transfection of MATRA-mediated miR-150 [MATRA aracılı miR-150’nin transfeksiyonu ile insan akut myeloid lösemi hücrelerinde resveratrol’ün MDM2,RUNX3,RB gen ekspresyonları ve apoptoz üzerine etkisi]

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous group of hematopoietic malignancies. Magnet assisted transfection (MATRA) is one of the most effective non-viral transfection methods. We aimed to evaluate the apoptotic effect of resveratrol (RES), MDM2, RUNX3, RB gene expression exchanges and MicroRNA-150 (miR-150) transfected with MATRA to HL-60 cells. MATRA was used as non-viral vector carrier for miR-150 transfection. IC50 dose of RES was determineted by Fahri et al. Resveratrol and miR-150 transfected cells were performed apoptosis and MDM2, RUNX3, RB gene expression assays in Human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) cells. IC50 dose of RES was used as 5 µM. In HL-60 cells, it was found that miR-150, miR150-Resveratrol combination, resveratrol alone induces apoptosis by 6.48, 6.93 and 4.54 fold, respectively, compared to the control cells. Compared to control cells, MDM2, RUNX3, RB, gene expressions decreased (miR-150) 1.7, 1.3 and 1.4 fold, (miR-150-resveratrol) MDM2 expression increased 2.73 fold, RUNX3 and RB expression decreased 6.1, 1.07 fold, respectively. Combination with resveratrol, MDM2, RB decreased 2.9 and 1.4 fold, respectively. Non-viral miR-150 transfection may be effective in leukemia cells, induction of apoptotic effects and gene expression changes, following treatment with resveratrol and miR-150-resveratrol combinations. © 2018, UHOD - Uluslararasi Hematoloji Onkoloji Dergisi. All rights reserved

Turkish nationwide survEy of glycemic and other Metabolic parameters of patients with Diabetes mellitus (TEMD study)

AIMS: Turkey has the highest prevalence of diabetes in Europe. It is therefore essential to know the overall cardiovascular risk and reveal the predictors of metabolic control in Turkish adults with diabetes mellitus. METHODS: A nationwide, multicenter survey consecutively enrolled patients who were under follow up for at least a year. Optimal control was defined as HbA1c < 7%, home arterial blood pressure (ABP) < 135/85 mmHg, or LDL-C < 100 mg/dL. Achieving all parameters indicated triple metabolic control. RESULTS: HbA1c levels of patients (n = 5211) were 8.6 ± 1.9% (71 ± 22 mmol/mol) and 7.7 ± 1.7% (61 ± 19 mmol/mol), in Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes, respectively. Glycemic control was achieved in 15.3% and 40.2%, and triple metabolic control was achieved in 5.5% and 10.1%, respectively. Only 1.5% of patients met all the criteria of being non-obese, non-smoker, exercising, and under triple metabolic control. Low education level was a significant predictor of poor glycemic control in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: Few patients with Type 2, and even fewer with Type 1 diabetes have optimal metabolic control in Turkey. TEMD study will provide evidence-based information to policy makers to focus more on the quality and sustainability of diabetes care in order to reduce the national burden of the disease