Biogeochemistry of dissolved and suspended organic matter in the Cape Vert Frontal Zone (NW Africa)

Oral communicationThe Cape Verde Frontal Zone (CVFZ) in the southern boundary of the Canary Current Upwelling Ecosystem, is a highly dynamic area, featuring large vertical and horizontal export fluxes of organic matter (OM) due to the interaction of the Cape Verde Front (CVF) with the Mauritanian upwelling. To study the interplay between transport and biogeochemical processes driving the distribution of OM in the CVFZ, full-depth profiles of dissolved (DOM) and suspended particulate (POM) OM were obtained during the FLUXES I cruise in August 2017. Distributions of surface DOM and POM and their stoichiometry were influenced by the mesoscale variability at the frontal region, showing significant differences north and south of the CVF and between stations close and distant to the Mauritanian coast. The C:N molar ratio of DOM and POM showed average vertical gradients, increasing from 12.1 and 8.0 in surface to 15.6 and 17.0 respectively in deeps waters, deviating from the traditional Redfield ratio. In the meso- and bathypelagic zones, meridional and cross-shore gradients were detected within samples belonging to the same water mass, indicating that their properties were re-shaped by biogeochemical processes within the CVFZ. Correlations between apparent oxygen utilization and OM indicate that DOM+POM contributed only to 8.1% of the carbon and 17.8% of the nitrogen mineralisation in the water column, suggesting that the local carbon demand is mainly supported by sinking POM and N containing compounds are mineralised to a larger extend than C containing compoundsASL

Nursing education during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: assessment of students’ satisfaction with e-Learning environment

The disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus led to the disruption of normality with respect to education, public healthcare and new technologies. Education is a fundamental pillar to increase the knowledge and morale of people. However, due to the lockdown implemented to protect the population from an infection of unknown aetiology, the education system decided to switch from face-to-face education to virtual education. This modality has affected the teaching–learning process in the Degree of Nursing, since its competencies and knowledge demand in-presence learning. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact that telematic education had on students of the Degree of Nursing who were studying in the final year of said degree, which involves their imminent entry into the labour market. We used the client satisfaction questionnaire of Bob Hayes to gather data and analyse the satisfaction level of the nursing students. As a result, a considerable amount of information was obtained about teaching, which shows the absence of practical activities and the lack of information about safety and protection measures related to the pandemic. Most educators themselves were struggling to understand the implications of the virus and implement appropriate safety measures, since there was quite a bit of conflicting information relating to the effectiveness of personal protective safety equipment and the lifespan of the virus on various media outside of the host. It is, therefore, not surprising that education for students in this regard was lacking. In general, most of the students showed dissatisfaction with the virtual education they received.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio

Autoantibodies against type I IFNs in patients with critical influenza pneumonia

In an international cohort of 279 patients with hypoxemic influenza pneumonia, we identified 13 patients (4.6%) with autoantibodies neutralizing IFN-alpha and/or -omega, which were previously reported to underlie 15% cases of life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia and one third of severe adverse reactions to live-attenuated yellow fever vaccine. Autoantibodies neutralizing type I interferons (IFNs) can underlie critical COVID-19 pneumonia and yellow fever vaccine disease. We report here on 13 patients harboring autoantibodies neutralizing IFN-alpha 2 alone (five patients) or with IFN-omega (eight patients) from a cohort of 279 patients (4.7%) aged 6-73 yr with critical influenza pneumonia. Nine and four patients had antibodies neutralizing high and low concentrations, respectively, of IFN-alpha 2, and six and two patients had antibodies neutralizing high and low concentrations, respectively, of IFN-omega. The patients' autoantibodies increased influenza A virus replication in both A549 cells and reconstituted human airway epithelia. The prevalence of these antibodies was significantly higher than that in the general population for patients 70 yr of age (3.1 vs. 4.4%, P = 0.68). The risk of critical influenza was highest in patients with antibodies neutralizing high concentrations of both IFN-alpha 2 and IFN-omega (OR = 11.7, P = 1.3 x 10(-5)), especially those <70 yr old (OR = 139.9, P = 3.1 x 10(-10)). We also identified 10 patients in additional influenza patient cohorts. Autoantibodies neutralizing type I IFNs account for similar to 5% of cases of life-threatening influenza pneumonia in patients <70 yr old

Nitrogen cycling in the Cape Verde Frontal Zone (NW Africa): Elemental and isotopic characterization

Despite the scientific interest on nitrogen (N) in the marine environment and its key role in global biogeochemical cycles, there are still uncertainties about the mechanisms that control its cycle and how to quantify them. N fluxes to and within the ocean are likely to increase in the future due to anthropogenic activities. To understand the consequences of these anthropogenic perturbations in the ocean, natural fluctuations in the N cycle must be understood. In this context, the general objective of this PhD thesis is to characterize elemental and isotopically the inorganic and organic (dissolved and suspended) N pools, in the Cape Verde Frontal Zone (CVFZ) from the information collected during two oceanographic cruises carried out in summer and autumn 2017. This highly dynamic zone is located at the southern end of the Eastern Boundary Upwelling Ecosystem of the Canary current. In the CVFZ, convergence of tropical and subtropical Atlantic waters occurs, forming the thermohaline Cape Verde front (CVF). In addition, this region is characterised by large vertical and horizontal export fluxes of organic matter and inorganic nutrients, due to the interaction of the CVF with the Mauritanian coastal upwelling and its Cape Blanc Giant Filament. We observed that the distributions of inorganic and organic N species, and the -O2:N:Si:P stoichiometric ratios in the epipelagic layer of the CVFZ were dictated by the position of the CVF and its interaction with meso- and submeso-scale structures (meanders, eddies, filaments). This stoichiometry reflected severe N limitation at surface mixed layer, and preferential N mineralisation in the water below pycnocline and in meso- and bathypelagic layers. Geographical heterogeneity in dissolved (DON) and suspended particulate (PON) organic nitrogen distributions and their stoichiometry were also observed within each of the different water masses of contrasting origin present in the study area (North and South Atlantic Central Water, Subpolar Mode Water, Mediterranean Water, Antarctic Intermediate Water, Labrador Sea Water and North East Atlantic Deep Water). Nevertheless, our analysis indicates that DON and suspended PON have a minor impact on local mineralisation processes, suggesting that regenerated nitrate in CVFZ was mainly derived from sinking POM. This higher contribution of sinking POM was also supported by the distribution of δ15NNO3 − and δ18ONO3 − and the average values obtained for each water mass in the CVFZ.A pesar del interés científico sobre el ciclo del nitrógeno (N) en el medio marino y su papel clave en los ciclos biogeoquímicos globales, aún existen ciertas lagunas sobre los mecanismos que controlan su ciclo y como cuantificarlos. Además, se pronostica que los flujos de nitrógeno hacia y dentro del océano aumenten debido a efectos antropogénicos. Para comprender las consecuencias de estas perturbaciones antropogénicas en el océano, debemos entender las fluctuaciones naturales en los procesos del ciclo del N. En este contexto, el objetivo general de esta tesis consiste en caracterizar elemental e isotópicamente el nitrógeno inorgánico y orgánico (disuelto y en suspensión), en la Zona Frontal de Cabo Verde (CVFZ), a partir de la información recopilada durante dos campañas oceanográficas realizadas en verano y en otoño del 2017. Esta zona de gran dinamismo está situada en el extremo Sur del ecosistema de afloramiento costero de la Corriente de Canarias. En la CVFZ se produce la convergencia de aguas tropicales y subtropicales del Atlántico, formando el Frente termohalino de Cabo Verde (CVF). Esta región, está caracterizada, además, por grandes flujos de exportación de materia orgánica y nutrientes inorgánicos, tanto verticales como horizontales, debidos a la interacción del CVF con el afloramiento costero de Mauritania y el filamento gigante de Cabo Blanco En esta tesis se observó que las distribuciones de N orgánico e inorgánico, así como las relaciones estequiométricas de -O2:N:Si:P, en la capa epipelágica del CVFZ, las dictan la posición del CVF y su interacción con las estructuras de meso- y submesoescala en la zona (meandros, remolinos, filamentos). La estequiometría obtenida refleja una severa limitación de N en la capa superficial, mientras que por debajo de la picnoclina y en las capas meso- y batipelágicas mostró una mineralización preferente de N. Las distribuciones de nitrógeno orgánico disuelto (DON) y particulado (PON) y sus estequiometrias mostraron cierta heterogeneidad geográfica en las diferentes masas de agua presentes en el CVFZ (Aguas Centrales del Atlántico Norte y Sur, Agua Modal Subpolar, Agua Mediterráneo, Auga Intermedia Antártica, Agua de Labrador y Agua Profunda del Atlántico Nororiental). Los análisis mostraron que tanto DON como PON, tienen un impacto pequeño en los procesos locales de mineralización, lo cual sugiere que el nitrato regenerado en la región de estudio, se deriva principalmente por la mineralización del material particulado en sedimentación. Esta mayor contribución por parte del material particulado en sedimenta, la corrobora la distribución obtenida de δ15NNO3 − y δ18ONO3 − y sus valores medios en cada masa de agua presente en la CVFZ.Tesis Univ. Granada. ; PROYECTO Flujos de carbono en un sistema de afloramiento costero (Cabo Blanco, NO de Africa): Caracterización elemental, óptica, isotópica y molecular (FLUXES). Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad. Project Number: CTM2015-69392-C3-2-R. 01/01/2016 - 31/12/2018 ; Ayuda para Contratos Predoctorales para la Formación de Doctores (BES-2016-079216

Nitrogen cycling in the Cape Verde Frontal Zone (NW Africa): Elemental and isotopic characterization

211 pagesDespite the scientific interest on nitrogen (N) in the marine environment and its key role in global biogeochemical cycles, there are still uncertainties about the mechanisms that control its cycle and how to quantify them. N fluxes to and within the ocean are likely to increase in the future due to anthropogenic activities. To understand the consequences of these anthropogenic perturbations in the ocean, natural fluctuations in the N cycle must be understood. In this context, the general objective of this PhD thesis is to characterize elemental and isotopically the inorganic and organic (dissolved and suspended) N pools, in the Cape Verde Frontal Zone (CVFZ) from the information collected during two oceanographic cruises carried out in summer and autumn 2017. This highly dynamic zone is located at the southern end of the Eastern Boundary Upwelling Ecosystem of the Canary current. In the CVFZ, convergence of tropical and subtropical Atlantic waters occurs, forming the thermohaline Cape Verde front (CVF). In addition, this region is characterised by large vertical and horizontal export fluxes of organic matter and inorganic nutrients, due to the interaction of the CVF with the Mauritanian coastal upwelling and its Cape Blanc Giant Filament. We observed that the distributions of inorganic and organic N species, and the -O2:N:Si:P stoichiometric ratios in the epipelagic layer of the CVFZ were dictated by the position of the CVF and its interaction with meso- and submeso-scale structures (meanders, eddies, filaments). This stoichiometry reflected severe N limitation at surface mixed layer, and preferential N mineralisation in the water below pycnocline and in meso- and bathypelagic layers. Geographical heterogeneity in dissolved (DON) and suspended particulate (PON) organic nitrogen distributions and their stoichiometry were also observed within each of the different water masses of contrasting origin present in the study area (North and South Atlantic Central Water, Subpolar Mode Water, Mediterranean Water, Antarctic Intermediate Water, Labrador Sea Water and North East Atlantic Deep Water). Nevertheless, our analysis indicates that DON and suspended PON have a minor impact on local mineralisation processes, suggesting that regenerated nitrate in CVFZ was mainly derived from sinking POM. This higher contribution of sinking POM was also supported by the distribution of δ15NNO3− and δ18ONO3− and the average values obtained for each water mass in the CVFZThe research presented in this PhD thesis has been funded by the project Flujos de carbono en un sistema de afloramiento costero (Cabo Blanco, NO de Africa): Caracterización elemental, óptica, isotópica y molecular, FLUXES (CTM2015-69392-C3-2-R), Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad. Sara Valiente has been funded by an Ayuda para Contratos Predoctorales para la Formación de Doctores (BES-2016-079216) associated to the project CTM2015-69392-C3-2-R, extended with additional fundings provided by the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasPeer reviewe

Intervenciones educativas en la atención de la Diabetes Mellitus tipo 1 infantil

[spa] La Diabetes Mellitus tipo 1 (DM1) es el tipo más común de diabetes que se observa en niños y adolescentes, por lo que es indispensable el desarrollo de una educación continuada para asegurar el control de la enfermedad. Objetivos: Los objetivos del siguiente trabajo son revisar la eficiencia de los cuidados educativos en la DM1 infantil, y analizar el papel de la enfermera escolar en niños que padezcan la enfermedad. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión de la literatura de las bases de datos PubMed, CINAHL, PSYinfo, CUIDEN, LILACS, Cochrane, Scielo y Academic Search Ultimate, además de obtener información de dos libros. Se seleccionaron 24 artículos de investigación en los cuales los últimos 10 años fue el criterio de inclusión principal. Resultados/discusión: El desarrollo de intervenciones educativas muestra diferencias significativas y una mejoría en la adherencia terapéutica en los jóvenes con DM1. La implicación de la telemedicina y el seguimiento telefónico; la educación en la terapia de inyección, además de la dieta y el ejercicio; y el desarrollo de estrategias de afrontamiento ante el estrés y la ansiedad, permiten disminuir los niveles de glucosa en sangre, mejorando el autocontrol y autogestión de la diabetes. En cuanto a la enfermera escolar, se ha analizado su papel en la diabetes infantil considerando su importancia en los cuidados durante el entorno escolar, disminuyendo la preocupación de los padres y aumentando el control y manejo de la enfermedad. Conclusión: El papel educativo de la enfermera se considera eficiente y produce un efecto positivo en los pacientes pediátricos con DM1. En relación a la enfermería escolar, a pesar de la necesidad de llevar la educación sanitaria en este tipo de pacientes al ámbito escolar, no se ha evidenciado que la enfermera en la escuela sea una figura necesaria a día de hoy.[eng] Diabetes Mellitus type 1 (DM1) is the most common type of diabetes in children an adolescents, so it is esssential to develop a continuing education to ensure the control of the disease. Objectives: The objectives of the following work are reviewing the efficiency of educational care in childhood with DM1, and to analyze the role of the school nurse in children suffering the disease. Methodology: A literature review of PubMed, CINAHL, PSYinfo, CUIDEN, LILACS, Cochrane, Scielo, and Academic Search Ultimate databases was performed, besides obtaining information from two books. Twenty-four research articles were selected in which the main inclusion criterion was the last 10 years. Results/discussion: The development of educational interventions shows significant differences and an improvement in therapeutic adherence in young people with DM1. The involvement of telemedicine and telephone follow-up; education in injection therapy, diet and exercise; and the development of strategies to decrease stress and anxiety, reduce glucose blood levels, improving self-control and self-management of diabetes. Regarding the school nurse, the role in childhood diabetes has been analyzed, considering the importance in care in school, decreasing the parents’ concern and increasing the control and management of the disease. Conclusion: The educational role of the nurse is considered efficient and produces a positive effect in pediatric patients with DM1. In relation to school nursing, despite the need to bring health education in this type of patients to the school evironment, it has not been shown that the nurse in the school is a necessary figure today

El síndrome de Nicolaides-Baraitser en España

Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Psicología, leída el 05/06/2023Nicolaides-Baraitser Syndrome (NCBRS) is a genetic disease that is included within the so-called rare diseases due to its low incidence. Its prevalence is less than one case per million inhabitants. Worldwide, it is estimated that there are around 270 people who suffer this condition, in different countries and of various races. NCBRS was first described in 1993 by the neurologist Paola Nicolaides and the geneticist Michael Baraitser and was established as a syndrome in 2009.This syndrome is caused by mutations in the SMARCA2 gene and causes various congenital anomalies at different degrees. For instance, peculiar facial features, sparse and sparse hair, brachydactyly, prominent interphalangeal joints, intellectual disability, microcephaly, short stature, delayed in language, epilepsy (in a considerable proportion), behavioral disorders, and, autism in some cases...El Síndrome de Nicolaides-Baraitser (NCBRS) es una enfermedad genética que se incluye dentro de las denominadas enfermedades raras debido a su baja incidencia, con una prevalencia inferior a un caso por millón de habitantes. A nivel mundial, se estima que hay alrededor de 270 personas que padecen esta condición, en diferentes países y de varias razas. NCBRS fue descrito por primera vez en 1993 por la neuróloga Paola Nicolaides y el genetista Michael Baraitser y se estableció como síndrome en 2009.Este síndrome está causado por mutaciones en el gen SMARCA2 y provoca diversas anomalías congénitas y diferentes grados de afectación. Por ejemplo, rasgos faciales peculiares, cabello escaso y ralo, braquidactilia, articulaciones interfalángicas prominentes, discapacidad intelectual, microcefalia, baja estatura, retraso en el lenguaje, epilepsia (en una proporción considerable), trastornos del comportamiento y, en algunos casos, autismo...Fac. de PsicologíaTRUEunpu

3D solid supported inter-polyelectrolyte complexes obtained by the alternate deposition of poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) and poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate)

This work addresses the formation and the internal morphology of polyelectrolyte layers obtained by the layer-by-layer method. A multimodal characterization showed the absence of stratification of the films formed by the alternate deposition of poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) and poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate). Indeed the final organization might be regarded as threedimensional solid-supported inter-polyelectrolyte films. The growth mechanism of the multilayers, followed using a quartz crystal microbalance, evidences two different growth trends, which show a dependency on the ionic strength due to its influence onto the polymer conformation. The hydration state does not modify the multilayer growth, but it contributes to the total adsorbed mass of the film. The water associated with the polyelectrolyte films leads to their swelling and plastification. The use of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy has allowed for deeper insights on the internal structure and composition of the polyelectrolyte multilayers

Ozone modified hypothalamic signaling enhancing thermogenesis in the TDP-43A315T transgenic model of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Abstract Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a devastating progressive neurodegenerative disease, has no effective treatment. Recent evidence supports a strong metabolic component in ALS pathogenesis. Indeed, metabolic abnormalities in ALS correlate to disease susceptibility and progression, raising additional therapeutic targets against ALS. Ozone (O3), a natural bioactive molecule, has been shown to elicit beneficial effects to reduce metabolic disturbances and improved motor behavior in TDP-43A315T mice. However, it is fundamental to determine the mechanism through which O3 acts in ALS. To characterize the association between O3 exposure and disease-associated weight loss in ALS, we assessed the mRNA and protein expression profile of molecular pathways with a main role in the regulation of the metabolic homeostasis on the hypothalamus and the brown adipose tissue (BAT) at the disease end-stage, in TDP-43A315T mice compared to age-matched WT littermates. In addition, the impact of O3 exposure on the faecal bacterial community diversity, by Illumina sequencing, and on the neuromuscular junctions (NMJs), by confocal imaging, were analysed. Our findings suggest the effectiveness of O3 exposure to induce metabolic effects in the hypothalamus and BAT of TDP-43A315T mice and could be a new complementary non-pharmacological approach for ALS therapy