Química organometàl·lica amb fosfines que presenten modes de coordinació poc convencionals

Treballs Finals de Grau de Química, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Any: 2019, Tutor: Arnald Grabulosa RodríguezIn this work, two differentiated blocks about the synthesis of complexes containing phosphine ligands presenting unconventional coordination modes are described. Following and adapting methods from literature, chelated palladium(II) complexes with general formula [Pd(3-2-methylallyl)(P*RR’CH2POR2- 2P*,O)](PF6) were synthesized. Starting from BH3-Pa, a P-stereogenic phosphine, chiral mono-oxidized diphosphine ligands were prepared and subsequently coordinated to Pd(II) centres by the splitting of a dimer complex of Pd(II), D0, resulting in two isomers of Pda. The corresponding chelated complexes were obtained from Pda, using halide scavengers to force the P*P(O) ligand to act as a bidentate, resulting in a five-membered ring metallocyclic cationic complexes, PdOa, which also presented two isomersThe synthesized ligands and complexes were characterized by 31P, 31P {1H} and 1H NMR. In the second part, the synthesis of four ruthenium complexes with general formula [RuCl2(6-arene)(P(PhPyr)R2)] and their derived two tethered complexes are described. 1-pyrenyl boronic acid was used as starting material to synthesize two phosphine ligands, PaPhPyr and PbPhPyr, which were coordinated to ruthenium centres by the splitting of two different metallic precursors, D1 and D2, obtaining Ru1a, Ru2a, Ru1b and Ru2b. Later, the corresponding tethered complexes were prepared under mild conditions by means of photochemical processes when they were just exposed to light of a common office lamp at room temperature, obtaining Rua’ and Rub’.The ligands and the complexes were characterized by 31P, 31P {1H}, 1H, 13C and 13C-1H gHSQC NMR, EA and HRMS, and also by XRD when it was possible

Robust depth-based tools for the analysis of gene expression data

Microarray experiments provide data on the expression levels of thousands of genes and, therefore, statistical methods applicable to the analysis of such high-dimensional data are needed. In this paper, we propose robust nonparametric tools for the description and analysis of microarray data based on the concept of functional depth, which measures the centrality of an observation within a sample. We show that this concept can be easily adapted to high-dimensional observations and, in particular, to gene expression data. This allows the development of the following depth-based inference tools: (1) a scale curve for measuring and visualizing the dispersion of a set of points, (2) a rank test for deciding if 2 groups of multidimensional observations come from the same population, and (3) supervised classification techniques for assigning a new sample to one of G given groups. We apply these methods to microarray data, and to simulated data including contaminated models, and show that they are robust, efficient, and competitive with other procedures proposed in the literature, outperforming them in some situations.Publicad

Seguimiento de la ejecución del Plan Municipal de Igualdad entre Mujeres y Hombres (2007-2011)

Este trabajo aborda, desde una aplicación práctica de los contenidos adquiridos en el Máster de Relaciones de Género, el seguimiento de la ejecución del Plan de Igualdad entre Mujeres y Hombres de Zaragoza (PIMHZ). Este seguimiento se realiza sobre las acciones ejecutadas en el segundo semestre de 201

Turismo en tiempos de COVID-19

RESUMENLa llegada del COVID-19 ha provocado múltiples efectos en distintos escenarios. Este documento pretende unificar la información más relevante sobre su origen y las consecuencias de su aparición en el sector turístico. Mediante el análisis de datos hace una comparativa, en algunos casos, de los resultados obtenidos en diferentes periodos con el objetivo de reflejar de forma clara la situación en la que se encontraba este sector, antes y después del virus. También se recogen las medidas aplicadas desde su inicio y las repercusiones que han tenido, así como las que se deberían implantar para una rápida y favorable evolución en un periodo a corto plazo de dos años. Finalmente, con la vista puesta en el futuro, se explican varias teorías sobre cómo podría desarrollarse el turismo y la hoja de ruta a seguir. Palabras clave: COVID-19, turismo, pandemia. ABSTRACT The COVID-19’s arrival has caused multiple effects in different scenes. This document intends to unify the most relevant information about its origin and its consequences on the tourist sector. Through data analysis, it makes a comparison in some cases, of the results obtained in different periods of time in order to clearly reflect the situation in which this sector was, before and after the virus. It also includes the measures applied since its start and the repercussions they have had, as well as those that should be implemented for a quick and favourable evolution in a short-term period of two years. Finally, in view of the future, there are some theories about how tourism could develop and the roadmap to follow. Key-words: COVID-19, tourism, pandemic. <br /

DepthTools: an R package for a robust analysis of gene expression data

The use of DNA microarrays and oligonucleotide chips of high density in modern biomedical research provides complex, high dimensional data which have been proven to convey crucial information about gene expression levels and to play an important role in disease diagnosis. Therefore, there is a need for developing new, robust statistical techniques to analyze these data. Results: depthTools is an R package for a robust statistical analysis of gene expression data, based on an efficient implementation of a feasible notion of depth, the Modified Band Depth. This software includes several visualization and inference tools successfully applied to high dimensional gene expression data. A user-friendly interface is also provided via an R-commander plugin. Conclusion: We illustrate the utility of the depthTools package, that could be used, for instance, to achieve a better understanding of genome-level variation between tumors and to facilitate the development of personalized treatments

Intensive longitudinal modelling predicts diurnal activity of salivary alpha-amylase

Salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) activity has been widely used in psychological and medical research as a surrogate marker of sympathetic nervous system activation, though its utility remains controversial. The aim of this work was to compare alternative intensive longitudinal models of sAA data: (a) a traditional model, where sAA is a function of hour (hr) and hr squared (sAAj,t = f(hr, hr2 ), and (b) an autoregressive model, where values of sAA are a function of previous values (sAAj,t = f(sAA j,t-1, sAA j,t-2, . . ., sAA j,t-p). Nineteen normal subjects (9 males and 10 females) participated in the experiments and measurements were performed every hr between 9:00 and 21:00 hr. Thus, a total of 13 measurements were obtained per participant. The Napierian logarithm of the enzymatic activity of sAA was analysed. Data showed that a second-order autoregressive (AR(2)) model was more parsimonious and fitted better than the traditional multilevel quadratic model. Therefore, sAA follows a process whereby, to forecast its value at any given time, sAA values one and two hr prior to that time (sAA j,t = f(SAAj,t-1, SAAj,t-2) are most predictive, thus indicating that sAA has its own inertia, with a “memory” of the two previous hr. These novel findings highlight the relevance of intensive longitudinal models in physiological data analysis and have considerable implications for physiological and biobehavioural research involving sAA measurements and other stress-related biomarkers

Decreased renal perfusion during acute kidney injury in critical COVID-19 assessed by magnetic resonance imaging: a prospective case control study

Abstract: Background: Renal hypoperfusion has been suggested to contribute to the development of acute kidney injury (AKI) in critical COVID-19. However, limited data exist to support this. We aim to investigate the differences in renal perfusion, oxygenation and water diffusion using multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging in critically ill COVID-19 patients with and without AKI. Methods: A prospective case–control study where patients without prior kidney disease treated in intensive care for respiratory failure due to COVID-19 were examined. Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes Creatinine criteria were used for group allocation. Main comparisons were tested using Mann–Whitney U test. Results: Nineteen patients were examined, ten with AKI and nine without AKI. Patients with AKI were examined in median 1 [0–2] day after criteria fulfillment. Age and baseline Plasma-Creatinine were similar in both groups. Total renal blood flow was lower in patients with AKI compared with patients without (median 645 quartile range [423–753] vs. 859 [746–920] ml/min, p = 0.037). Regional perfusion was reduced in both cortex (76 [51–112] vs. 146 [123–169] ml/100 g/min, p = 0.015) and medulla (28 [18–47] vs. 47 [38–73] ml/100 g/min, p = 0.03). Renal venous saturation was similar in both groups (72% [64–75] vs. 72% [63–84], ns.), as was regional oxygenation (R2*) in cortex (17 [16–19] vs. 17 [16–18] 1/s, ns.) and medulla (29 [24–39] vs. 27 [23–29] 1/s, ns.). Conclusions: In critically ill COVID-19 patients with AKI, the total, cortical and medullary renal blood flows were reduced compared with similar patients without AKI, whereas no differences in renal oxygenation were demonstrable in this setting. Trial registration ClinicalTrials ID: NCT02765191, registered May 6 2014 and updated May 7 2020. Graphic Abstract

Does co-infection with vector-borne pathogens play a role in clinical canine leishmaniosis?

The severity of canine leishmaniosis (CanL) due to Leishmania infantum might be affected by other vector-borne organisms that mimic its clinical signs and clinicopathological abnormalities. The aim of this study was to determine co-infections with other vector-borne pathogens based on serological and molecular techniques in dogs with clinical leishmaniosis living in Spain and to associate them with clinical signs and clinicopathological abnormalities as well as disease severity. Sixty-one dogs with clinical leishmaniosis and 16 apparently healthy dogs were tested for Rickettsia conorii, Ehrlichia canis, Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Bartonella henselae antigens by the immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) and for E. canis, Anaplasma spp., Hepatozoon spp., Babesia spp. and filarioid DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Among the dogs examined by IFAT, the seroprevalences were: 69% for R. conorii, 57% for E. canis, 44% for A. phagocytophilum and 37% for B. henselae ; while the prevalences found by PCR were: 8% for Ehrlichia / Anaplasma, 3% for Anaplasma platys and 1% for H. canis. No other pathogen DNA was detected. Statistical association was found between dogs with clinical leishmaniosis and seroreactivity to R. conorii antigen (Fisher's exact test: P = 0.025, OR = 4.1, 95% CI = 1-17) and A. phagocytophilum antigen (Fisher's exact test: P = 0.002, OR = 14.3, 95% CI = 2-626) and being positive to more than one serological or molecular tests (co-infections) (Mann-Whitney test: U = 243, Z = -2.6, n = 14, n = 61, P = 0.01) when compared with healthy dogs. Interestingly, a statistical association was found between the presence of R. conorii, E. canis, A. phagocytophilum and B. henselae antibodies in sick dogs and some clinicopathological abnormalities such as albumin and albumin/globulin ratio decrease and increase in serum globulins. Furthermore, seroreactivity with A. phagocytophilum antigens was statistically associated with CanL clinical stages III and IV. This study demonstrates that dogs with clinical leishmaniosis from Catalonia (Spain) have a higher rate of co-infections with other vector-borne pathogens when compared with healthy controls. Furthermore, positivity to some vector-borne pathogens was associated with more marked clinicopathological abnormalities as well as disease severity with CanL

Proceedings of the 3rd Biennial Conference of the Society for Implementation Research Collaboration (SIRC) 2015: advancing efficient methodologies through community partnerships and team science

It is well documented that the majority of adults, children and families in need of evidence-based behavioral health interventionsi do not receive them [1, 2] and that few robust empirically supported methods for implementing evidence-based practices (EBPs) exist. The Society for Implementation Research Collaboration (SIRC) represents a burgeoning effort to advance the innovation and rigor of implementation research and is uniquely focused on bringing together researchers and stakeholders committed to evaluating the implementation of complex evidence-based behavioral health interventions. Through its diverse activities and membership, SIRC aims to foster the promise of implementation research to better serve the behavioral health needs of the population by identifying rigorous, relevant, and efficient strategies that successfully transfer scientific evidence to clinical knowledge for use in real world settings [3]. SIRC began as a National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)-funded conference series in 2010 (previously titled the “Seattle Implementation Research Conference”; $150,000 USD for 3 conferences in 2011, 2013, and 2015) with the recognition that there were multiple researchers and stakeholdersi working in parallel on innovative implementation science projects in behavioral health, but that formal channels for communicating and collaborating with one another were relatively unavailable. There was a significant need for a forum within which implementation researchers and stakeholders could learn from one another, refine approaches to science and practice, and develop an implementation research agenda using common measures, methods, and research principles to improve both the frequency and quality with which behavioral health treatment implementation is evaluated. SIRC’s membership growth is a testament to this identified need with more than 1000 members from 2011 to the present.ii SIRC’s primary objectives are to: (1) foster communication and collaboration across diverse groups, including implementation researchers, intermediariesi, as well as community stakeholders (SIRC uses the term “EBP champions” for these groups) – and to do so across multiple career levels (e.g., students, early career faculty, established investigators); and (2) enhance and disseminate rigorous measures and methodologies for implementing EBPs and evaluating EBP implementation efforts. These objectives are well aligned with Glasgow and colleagues’ [4] five core tenets deemed critical for advancing implementation science: collaboration, efficiency and speed, rigor and relevance, improved capacity, and cumulative knowledge. SIRC advances these objectives and tenets through in-person conferences, which bring together multidisciplinary implementation researchers and those implementing evidence-based behavioral health interventions in the community to share their work and create professional connections and collaborations