20,815 research outputs found
Womenβs facial attractiveness is related to their body mass index, but not their salivary cortisol
Objectives: Although many theories of human facial attractiveness propose positive correlations between facial attractiveness and measures of actual health, evidence for such correlations is somewhat mixed. Here we sought to replicate a recent study reporting that womenβs facial attractiveness is independently related to both their adiposity and cortisol.
Methods: Ninety-six women provided saliva samples, which were analyzed for cortisol level, and their height and weight, which were used to calculate their body mass index (BMI). A digital face image of each woman was also taken under standardized photographic conditions and rated for attractiveness.
Results: There was a significant negative correlation between womenβs facial attractiveness and BMI. By contrast, salivary cortisol and facial attractiveness were not significantly correlated.
Conclusions: Our results suggest that the types of health information reflected in women's faces include qualities that are indexed by BMI, but do not necessarily include qualities that are indexed by cortisol
Cemetery Squatting and Anti-Chinese Tensions: Insights from Central Java
Over the centuries, the Chinese minority in Indonesia has lived in an environment characterized by social tensions. This paper will explore Chinese-Javanese relations in the microcosm of a Javanese squatter settlement that has invaded a Chinese cemetery. Four issues will be considered which will illustrate the nature of long-standing tensions between these two ethnic groups: 1) the manner in which informal sector housing is developed; 2) economic attitudes of the Javanese with respect to the Chinese; 3) the relationship of the Chinese to law and authority and how conflict resolution is approached ; and 4) the linguistic context of Chinese-Javanese relations. Although cemetery squatting has been an incremental process, it has been the result of a fundamental perception of the weak position of the Chinese in Javanese society. Similarly, the illegal occupation of land also results from perceptions that both the Chinese and public officials will ultimately acquiesce to the squatters\u27 aspirations
Uncommon Schools: Turning Urban Schools Into Springboards to College
This report illustrates the successful college preparatory practices of Uncommon Schools, a network of 38 public charter schools in New York, New Jersey and Massachusettsthat serves nearly 10,000 low-income students and students of color. During the 2013 Broad Prize for Public Charter Schools review process, a panel of national education experts chose Uncommon Schools as the best among the nation's 27 largest urban charter management organizations in closing achievement gaps, graduating its students and preparing them for college. The policies and practices highlighted in this report were drawn from a week-long site visit to Uncommon Schools conducted by RMC Research Corporation in November 2013 and a review of Uncommon's quantitative student achievement data from 2008-09 through 2011-2012
Social support as a moderator in the relationship between intrusive thoughts and anxiety among Spanish-speaking Latinas with breast cancer.
ObjectiveIntrusive thoughts, defined as unwanted and recurrent thoughts about a stressful experience, are associated with psychological distress in women with breast cancer. This study assessed moderating effects of various social support dimensions on associations between intrusive thoughts and psychological distress among Latina breast cancer survivors.MethodsWe used baseline data from a randomized controlled trial of a stress management intervention delivered to 151 Spanish-speaking Latinas with nonmetastatic breast cancer within 1 year of diagnosis. Intrusive thoughts, four dimensions of social support (emotional/informational, tangible, affectionate, and positive social interaction), and symptoms of anxiety and depression were assessed through in-person interviews. Information on age, time since diagnosis, breast cancer variables, history of depression, and marital status served as covariates. Generalized linear models were used to investigate bivariate and multivariate associations and to explore moderation effects of the four dimensions of social support.ResultsIn bivariate models, intrusive thoughts were associated positively with depression (Ξ² = .024, .001) and anxiety (Ξ² = .047, P < .001) symptoms. Adjusting for other factors, intrusive thoughts remained associated with depression symptoms (Ξ² = .022, .008), regardless of level of social support (for all support dimensions). For anxiety, there were significant interactions of tangible (Ξ² = -.013, .034) and affectionate (Ξ² = -.022, .005) support with intrusive thoughts. Intrusive thoughts were associated more strongly with anxiety symptoms among women reporting less tangible and affectionate support than those with higher levels of these types of support.ConclusionsTangible and affectionate support have protective effects on anxiety symptoms among Spanish-speaking Latina breast cancer survivors experiencing intrusive thoughts, but not depression symptoms
An Improved Statistic for the Pooled Triangle Test against PRNU-Copy Attack
We propose a new statistic to improve the pooled version of the triangle test
used to combat the fingerprint-copy counter-forensic attack against PRNU-based
camera identification [1]. As opposed to the original version of the test, the
new statistic exploits the one-tail nature of the test, weighting differently
positive and negative deviations from the expected value of the correlation
between the image under analysis and the candidate images, i.e., those image
suspected to have been used during the attack. The experimental results confirm
the superior performance of the new test, especially when the conditions of the
test are challenging ones, that is when the number of images used for the
fingerprint-copy attack is large and the size of the image under test is small.Comment: submitted to IEEE Signal Processing Letter
Modelling of deep wells thermal modes
Purpose. Investigation of various heat-exchange conditions influence of the tower liquid on the deep wells thermal conditions.
Methods. Methods of heat-exchange processes mathematical modeling are used. On the basis of the developed scheme for calculation, the thermal condition in a vertical well with a concentric arrangement of the drill-string was investigated. It was assumed that the walls of the well are properly insulated, and there is no flow or loss of fluid. The temperature distribution in the Newtonian (water) and non-Newtonian (clay mud) liquid along the borehole was simulated taking into account changes in the temperature regime of rocks with depth. To verify the calculation method and determine the reliability of the results, a comparative analysis of the calculated and experimental data to determine the temperature of the drilling liquid in the well was performed.
Findings. A mathematical model for the study of temperature fields along the well depth was proposed and verified. A steady-state temperature distribution along the borehole is obtained for various types (Newtonian or non-Newtonian) tower liquid, with a linear law of change in rocks temperature with depth. It has been established that the temperature of the liquid flow at the face of hole and at the exit to the surface depends on the type of liquid used and the flow regime. It has been established that due to thermal insulation of drill pipe columns, heat-exchange between the downward and upward flow is reduced, which leads to a decrease in the temperature of the downward flow at the face of hole, providing a more favorable temperature at the face, which contributes to better destruction of the rock and cooling the tool during drilling.
Originality. The nature of temperature distribution and changes along the borehole under the steady-state mode of heat-exchange in a turbulent and structural flow regime for both Newtonian and non-Newtonian circulating liquid are revealed.
Practical implications. The proposed mathematical model and obtained results can be used to conduct estimates of the thermal conditions of wells and the development of recommendations for controlling the intensity of heat-exchange processes in the well, in accordance with the requirements of a specific technology.ΠΠ΅ΡΠ°. ΠΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π²ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²Ρ ΡΡΠ·Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΌΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΠΌΡΠ½Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠΎΡ ΡΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌ Π³Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΄Π»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½.
ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°. ΠΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ² ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΠΌΡΠ½Ρ. ΠΠ° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎΡ ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌΠΈ Π΄ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ½ΠΊΡ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΡΠ²Π°Π²ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌ Ρ Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΄Π»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½Ρ Π· ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π±ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π±Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΡΡ, ΡΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΄Π»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ Π½Π°Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ, ΠΏΡΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ² Ρ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΄ΡΡΡΠ½Ρ. ΠΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ²Π°Π²ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ·ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ» ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΠ°Ρ
Π½ΡΡΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠ²ΡΡΠΊΠΎΡ (Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ) ΡΠ° Π½Π΅Π½ΡΡΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠ²ΡΡΠΊΠΎΡ (Π³Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ) ΡΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΡΠ·Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΆ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π±ΡΡΠ° ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΄Π»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ Π· ΡΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π·ΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΡ Π³ΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΄ Π· Π³Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡ. ΠΠ»Ρ Π²Π΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ½ΠΊΡ Ρ Π²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ² Π±ΡΠ² Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ½Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ²Π½ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ· ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ° Π΅ΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
Π· Π²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡ ΡΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ Ρ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΄Π»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½Ρ.
Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈ. ΠΠ°ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° Ρ Π²Π΅ΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΉΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ² Π· Π³Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΄Π»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ. ΠΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ·ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ» ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΡΠ·Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΆ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π±ΡΡΠ° ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΄Π»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΠ·Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΠΏΡΠ² (Π½ΡΡΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠ²ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π°Π±ΠΎ Π½Π΅Π½ΡΡΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠ²ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
) ΡΠΈΡΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ Π·ΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΈ Π³ΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΄ Π· Π³Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡ. ΠΠΈΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΡ ΡΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ Π½Π° Π²ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΡ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΄Π»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ Ρ Π½Π° Π²ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π½Π° Π΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½Ρ Π·Π°Π»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΄ ΡΠΈΠΏΡ Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎΡ ΡΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ. ΠΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΠΎ Π·Π° ΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΊ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π±ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΡΠ± Π·Π½ΠΈΠΆΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΠΌΡΠ½ ΠΌΡΠΆ Π½ΠΈΠ·Ρ
ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ Ρ Π²ΠΈΡΡ
ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ Π·Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΈ Π½ΠΈΠ·Ρ
ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΡ Π½Π° Π²ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΡ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΄Π»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ, Π·Π°Π±Π΅Π·ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΠΈ Π±ΡΠ»ΡΡ ΡΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌ Π½Π° Π²ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΡ, ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΏΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΡΠΉΠ½ΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ ΡΠ° ΠΎΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π±ΡΡΡΠ½Π½Ρ.
ΠΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²Π° Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°. ΠΠΈΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΎΠ·ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ»Ρ ΡΠ° Π·ΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΈ Π²Π·Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΆ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π±ΡΡΠ° ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΄Π»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΠΌΡΠ½Ρ Π² ΡΡΡΠ±ΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ Ρ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠΊ Π΄Π»Ρ Π½ΡΡΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠ²ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
, ΡΠ°ΠΊ Ρ Π½Π΅Π½ΡΡΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠ²ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΡΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½.
ΠΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ½Π° Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΡΡΡΡ. ΠΠ°ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ Ρ ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΡΡΡ Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠ² ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΡΠ² ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΄Π»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½ ΡΠ° ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠΉ Π· ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ½Π½Ρ ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΠΌΡΠ½Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ² Ρ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΄Π»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½Ρ Π²ΡΠ΄ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ³ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡ.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ. ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° ΡΠΈΡΠΊΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ
ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌ Π³Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΊΠ²Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ½.
ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°. ΠΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π°. ΠΠ° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌΡ ΠΊ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌ Π² Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ²Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ½Π΅ Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π±ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½Ρ. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΊΠ²Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ½Ρ Π½Π°Π΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ, ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡ. ΠΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ Π² ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΠ°Ρ
Π½ΡΡΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ (Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ) ΠΈ Π½Π΅Π½ΡΡΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ (Π³Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ°) ΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π²Π΄ΠΎΠ»Ρ ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»Π° ΡΠΊΠ²Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ½Ρ Ρ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ° Π³ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ Ρ Π³Π»ΡΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ. ΠΠ»Ρ Π²Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² Π±ΡΠ» Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π² ΡΠΊΠ²Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ½Π΅.
Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΈ Π²Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ Π³Π»ΡΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π΅ ΡΠΊΠ²Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ½Ρ. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ Π²Π΄ΠΎΠ»Ρ ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»Π° ΡΠΊΠ²Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ½Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² (Π½ΡΡΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅Π½ΡΡΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
) ΡΠΈΡΠΊΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Π³ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ Ρ Π³Π»ΡΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ. ΠΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΠ° ΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π½Π° Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΊΠ²Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΈ Π½Π° Π²ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ Π½Π° Π΄Π½Π΅Π²Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΡ ΡΠΈΠΏΠ° ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. Π£ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π·Π° ΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½Ρ Π±ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΡΠ± ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ Π½ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Π½ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΠ° Π½Π° Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΊΠ²Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ½Ρ, ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌ Π½Π° Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ΅, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ Π»ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΈ ΠΎΡ
Π»Π°ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈ Π±ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ.
ΠΠ°ΡΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°. ΠΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Π²Π΄ΠΎΠ»Ρ ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»Π° ΡΠΊΠ²Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ½ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° Π² ΡΡΡΠ±ΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π΄Π»Ρ Π½ΡΡΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π½Π΅Π½ΡΡΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΡΠΊΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ.
ΠΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ² ΡΠΊΠ²Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ½ ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΠΊΠ²Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ½Π΅ Π² ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ.The authors thank the Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics named by N. Poljakov of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (Dnipro, Ukraine) for providing technical and informational support in this work
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