A percepção do pai sobre o aleitamento materno / The father's perception of breastfeeding

o acolhimento do pai no pré-natal visa prepará-lo para paternidade ativa, contudo a ausência de sua participação nas consultas durante a gestação tem forte associação com desmame precoce. O objetivo deste estudo é identificar qual a percepção do pai diante do aleitamento materno. Tratar-se de um estudo descritivo-exploratório, com tratamento dos dados qualitativo. A amostra foi definida por saturação e foi constituída por  11 pais que tinham filhos de até seis meses de idade e estavam em aleitamento materno exclusivo ou que foram desmamados precocemente.  A partir da entrevista semi-estruturada, surgiram as categorias: conhecimento do pai sobre os benefícios do aleitamento materno; apoio paterno durante a amamentação ; amamentação como fonte de economia no âmbito familiar e de desenvolvimento sustentável. Foi evidenciado que os pais percebem a importância e os benefícios do aleitamento materno para saúde e desenvolvimento de seus filhos, bem como o aumento do vínculo afetivo e redução de gastos financeiros. 

Disposição a Pagar por Espaços Verdes Urbanos

O artigo buscou responder: quanto os frequentadores do parque Araçá (Recife - Pernambuco) estão dispostos a pagar por melhorias propostas - cenário com melhoria da qualidade ambiental - na área de estudo? Aplicamos o método de valoração contingente para estimar o valor econômico da área, avaliando a Disposição a pagar (DAP) de seus frequentadores. Buscamos entender quais os fatores socioeconômicos contribuem nas preferências dos usuários por visitação ao parque. O modelo adotado foi um Probit Bivariado com perguntas duplas (dicotômicas). Calculamos dois modelos para estimar a DAP – forma funcional linear na renda e forma funcional log linear na renda. O primeiro teve DAP de R$11,71, enquanto o segundo foi de R$ 11,23. O resultado de ambos os modelos mostrou que o valor do lance oferecido a exerce maior influência sobre probabilidade de os entrevistados dizerem sim. E que, fatores como o sexo, a idade e o nível de escolaridade dos entrevistados não se mostraram bons fatores explicativos da aceitação do lance. A distância da moradia em relação parque, o dia em que ocorre a visita e o tempo de visita são variáveis que explicaram bem a aceitação do lance. Ao final calculamos o excedente do consumidor, R$545.151,90 (modelo logLinear) e R$ 568.075,52 (modelo linear).The article sought to answer: how much are regulars at Araçá Park (Recife - Pernambuco) willingness to pay for proposed improvements - a scenario with improved environmental quality - in the study area? We apply the contingent valuation method to estimate the economic value of the area, assessing the willingness to pay (DAP) of its regulars. We seek to understand which socioeconomic factors contribute to users' preferences for visiting the park. The model adopted was a Bivariate Probit with double questions (dichotomous). We calculated two models to estimate DBH - linear functional form in income and functional log linear form in income. The first had a DAP of R $11.71, while the second was R$ 11.23. The result of both models showed that the bid amount offered to exerts a greater influence on the likelihood of respondents saying yes. And that, factors such as sex, age and education level of the interviewees were not good explanatory factors for the acceptance of the bid. The distance from the house to the park, the day on which the visit occurs and the duration time of visit are variables that explained well the acceptance of the bid. At the end, we calculated the consumer surplus, R $545,151.90 (logLinear model) and R$ 568,075.52 (linear model)

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Factors that influence the redox state in children: An exploratory study

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to investigate the association of the redox state via malondialdehyde (MDA) as a lipid peroxidation biomarker and hydrophilic antioxidant capacity (HAC) with dietary, anthropometric, demographic, socio-economic and clinical variables as well as the serum concentrations of vitamins in children aged 20-36 months. This cross-sectional study was conducted from May 2013 to May 2014 and included a total of 100 children. METHODS: The variables studied included anthropometric measurements, dietary intake by the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), socio-demographic features, clinical attributes, serum redox status, and serum vitamin concentrations. RESULTS: Children with a family income above the minimum wage and adequate body mass index (BMI) presented higher HAC. The MDA concentration was higher in children older than 24 months. Breastfeeding for up to 120 days provided greater antioxidant capacity. Children classified in the 2nd tertile for “fruit and vegetables” and “milk and dairy products” consumption showed lower levels of MDA. There was a positive correlation of MDA with serum vitamin A levels. These results show that among children in the 20-36 months age group, family income, breastfeeding, BMI and intake of fruits and vegetables can have an influence on the imbalance of the redox state. CONCLUSION: One strategy to prevent the imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants could be for health professionals to raise awareness among families, as such knowledge could repress/prevent the progression/initiation of several diseases in adult life

AMAZONIA CAMTRAP: A data set of mammal, bird, and reptile species recorded with camera traps in the Amazon forest

The Amazon forest has the highest biodiversity on Earth. However, information on Amazonian vertebrate diversity is still deficient and scattered across the published, peer-reviewed, and gray literature and in unpublished raw data. Camera traps are an effective non-invasive method of surveying vertebrates, applicable to different scales of time and space. In this study, we organized and standardized camera trap records from different Amazon regions to compile the most extensive data set of inventories of mammal, bird, and reptile species ever assembled for the area. The complete data set comprises 154,123 records of 317 species (185 birds, 119 mammals, and 13 reptiles) gathered from surveys from the Amazonian portion of eight countries (Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela). The most frequently recorded species per taxa were: mammals: Cuniculus paca (11,907 records); birds: Pauxi tuberosa (3713 records); and reptiles: Tupinambis teguixin (716 records). The information detailed in this data paper opens up opportunities for new ecological studies at different spatial and temporal scales, allowing for a more accurate evaluation of the effects of habitat loss, fragmentation, climate change, and other human-mediated defaunation processes in one of the most important and threatened tropical environments in the world. The data set is not copyright restricted; please cite this data paper when using its data in publications and we also request that researchers and educators inform us of how they are using these data

Núcleos de Ensino da Unesp: artigos 2010: volume 4: as disciplinas escolares, os temas transversais e o processo de educação

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP

Núcleos de Ensino da Unesp: artigos 2008

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq