Los documentos de idoneidad técnica como potenciales incentivadotes de la industrialización de la construcción.

Los documentos de idoneidad técnica como potenciales incentivadotes de la industrialización de la construcción

Study of the Partial Substitution of Pb by Sn in Cs–Pb–Sn–Br Nanocrystals Owing to Obtaining Stable Nanoparticles with Excellent Optical Properties

Halide perovskites are revolutionizing the photovoltaic and optoelectronic fields with outstanding performances obtained in a remarkably short time. However, two major challenges remain: the long-term stability and the Pb content, due to its toxicity. Despite the great effort carried out to substitute the Pb by a less hazardous element, lead-free perovskite still remains more unstable than lead-containing perovskites and presents lower performance as well. In this work, we demonstrate the colloidal preparation of Cs–Pb–Sn–Br nanoparticles (NPs) where Sn is incorporated up to 18.8%. Significantly, we have demonstrated that the partial substitution of Pb by Sn does not produce a deleterious effect in their optical performance in terms of photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY). We observed for the first time a positive effect in terms of enhancement of PLQY when Sn partially substitutes Pb in a considerable amount (i.e., higher than 5%). PLQYs as high as 73.4% have been obtained with a partial Pb replacement of 7% by Sn. We present a systematic study of the synthesis process in terms of different growth parameters (i.e., precursor concentration, time, and temperature of reaction) and how they influence the Sn incorporation and the PLQY. This high performance and long-term stability is based on a significant stabilization of Sn2+ in the NPs for several months, as determined by XPS analysis, and opens an interesting way to obtain less Pb-containing perovskite NPs with excellent optoelectronic properties

Evolución morfodinámica de un enclave montañoso recién deglaciado: El caso del Corral del Veleta (Sierra Nevada), ¿Consecuencia del cambio climático?

RESUMEN: El Corral del Veleta (Sierra Nevada. España) cobija en su seno y bajo manto detrítico hielo glaciar fósil y permafrost alpino, restos, como mínimo, de la Pequeña Edad del Hielo (siglos XV/XIX). En la actualidad, estas masas heladas se encuentran en proceso de degradación. Los análisis y controles que desde 2001 se vienen llevando a cabo en un glaciar rocoso incipiente instalado en el tercio oriental del Corral del Veleta muestran procesos continuados de subsidencia de su manto detrítico, apoyado sobre las masas heladas referidas. La merma del manto nival durante el verano, las aguas de fusión y el grado de penetración de la onda de radiación externa en el suelo, son parámetros clave que explican este mecanismo de subsidencia, que podría estar relacionado con variaciones climáticas que vienen detectándose desde hace décadas

Geomatic Techniques Applied to the Dynamic Study (2001-2019) of the Rock Glacier in the Veleta Cirque (Sierra Nevada, Spain)

During the Little Ice Age (LIA), Corral del Veleta (Sierra Nevada) housed a small glacier of which relict glacial ice and permafrost still remain under packets of ice blocks. Currently, it is considered the southernmost rock glacier in Europe. The analysis and results of monitoring carried out on this rock glacier reveal it to be in an accelerated process of immobilization and that the relict glacial ice blocks and permafrost on which it lies are in a continual process of degradation. The rock glacier was monitored from 2001 to 2019 using diverse geomatic techniques, to which geophysical and thermal techniques were added. The results obtained during the observation period shed light on the dynamic of the rock glacier (morpho-topographic movements and deformations) as well as the physical state of the underlying frozen bodies (volumetric reduction and spatial distribution). The changes observed are related to variations in the dominant high-mountain climate of Sierra Nevada, particularly since the end of the 20th century, the general tendencies of which are increasing temperatures, decreasing annual snowfall, and a shorter duration of snow on the ground

Cohort profile: the MCC-Spain follow-up on colorectal, breast and prostate cancers: study design and initial results

PURPOSE: Since 2016, the multicase-control study in Spain (MCC-Spain) has focused towards the identification of factors associated with cancer prognosis. Inception cohorts of patients with colorectal, breast and prostate cancers were assembled using the incident cases originally recruited. PARTICIPANTS: 2140 new cases of colorectal cancer, 1732 of breast cancer and 1112 of prostate cancer were initially recruited in 12 Spanish provinces; all cancers were incident and pathologically confirmed. Follow-up was obtained for 2097 (98%), 1685 (97%) and 1055 (94.9%) patients, respectively. FINDINGS TO DATE: Information gathered at recruitment included sociodemographic factors, medical history, lifestyle and environmental exposures. Biological samples were obtained, and 80% of patients were genotyped using a commercial exome array. The follow-up was performed by (1) reviewing medical records; (2) interviewing the patients by phone on quality of life; and (3) verifying vital status and cause of death in the Spanish National Death Index. Ninety-seven per cent of recruited patients were successfully followed up in 2017 or 2018; patient-years of follow-up were 30 914. Most colorectal cancers (52%) were at clinical stage II or lower at recruitment; 819 patients died in the follow-up and the 5-year survival was better for women (74.4%) than men (70.0%). 71% of breast cancers were diagnosed at stages I or II; 206 women with breast cancer died in the follow-up and the 5-year survival was 90.7%. 49% of prostate cancers were diagnosed at stage II and 32% at stage III; 119 patients with prostate cancer died in the follow-up and the 5-year survival was 93.7%. FUTURE PLANS: MCC-Spain has built three prospective cohorts on highly frequent cancers across Spain, allowing to investigate socioeconomic, clinical, lifestyle, environmental and genetic variables as putative prognosis factors determining survival of patients of the three cancers and the inter-relationship of these factors

New insights in ovien Asia Syndrome: Clinicopathological changes in experimentally induced animals

Trabajo presentado en el 10th International Congress on Autoimmunity, celebrado en Leipzig (Alemania), del 6 al 10 de abril de 2016Ovine Autoimmune/inflammatory Syndrome Induced by Adjuvants (ASIA syndrome) is a disease linked to the repetitive stimulation of the immune system by vaccines, especially those containing aluminium as adjuvant. The syndrome includes two clinical distinct phases: Acute, with severe neurological symptoms and chronic, with extreme cachexia leading to death. An experimental reproduction of the syndrome (286 dpi to 1 December 2015) is currently being performed in 84 three months old (at the beginning of the experiment) male sheep, that are divided into 3 groups (n=28), a: commercial vaccines containing aluminium adjuvant; b: aluminium adjuvant alone and c: PBS. Group “a” is being repetitively inoculated with commercial vaccines and group “b” receives the adjuvant alone in with the same amount/dose of Al3+. So far, a total of 13 inoculations have been applied and a total of 32.05 mg of Al3+ inoculated in groups “a” and “b”. Periodic complete clinic examination of all animals is being carried out. A cohort (n=7 lambs of each group) is being studied for behavior and social relationship by using 24 h recordings and open field and t-maze tests. Clinical studies do not show any significant difference among groups. However, a tendency in decreasing body weight is already observed in lambs from group a. In addition, lambs from group a and b show discrete behavioral changes, as compulsive wool biting and generalized restlessness. The experiment will be maintained for at least another 6 months and it will be completed with furthers clinic and behavioral tests and postmortem studies.Peer reviewe

Projecte de programa d’atenció al pacient crònic complex

Programa d’atenció al pacient crònic complex; Atenció sanitària; PlanificacióPrograma de atención al paciente crónico complejo; Atención sanitaria; PlanificaciónComplex chronic patient care program; Health care; PlanningAquest document presenta el Programa d’atenció al pacient crònic complex mitjançant estratègies orientades perquè els pacients rebin una atenció proactiva, resolutiva, adequada, eficient i satisfactòria en qualsevol moment i amb la intensitat que calgui

Population-based multicase-control study in common tumors in Spain (MCC-Spain): rationale and study design

Introduction: We present the protocol of a large population-based case-control study of 5 common tumors in Spain (MCC-Spain) that evaluates environmental exposures and genetic factors. Methods: Between 2008-2013, 10,183 persons aged 20-85 years were enrolled in 23 hospitals and primary care centres in 12 Spanish provinces including 1,115 cases of a new diagnosis of prostate cancer, 1,750 of breast cancer, 2,171 of colorectal cancer, 492 of gastro-oesophageal cancer, 554 cases of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) and 4,101 population-based controls matched by frequency to cases by age, sex and region of residence. Participation rates ranged from 57% (stomach cancer) to 87% (CLL cases) and from 30% to 77% in controls. Participants completed a face-to-face computerized interview on sociodemographic factors, environmental exposures, occupation, medication, lifestyle, and personal and family medical history. In addition, participants completed a self-administered food-frequency questionnaire and telephone interviews. Blood samples were collected from 76% of participants while saliva samples were collected in CLL cases and participants refusing blood extractions. Clinical information was recorded for cases and paraffin blocks and/or fresh tumor samples are available in most collaborating hospitals. Genotyping was done through an exome array enriched with genetic markers in specific pathways. Multiple analyses are planned to assess the association of environmental, personal and genetic risk factors for each tumor and to identify pleiotropic effects. Discussion: This study, conducted within the Spanish Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), is a unique initiative to evaluate etiological factors for common cancers and will promote cancer research and prevention in Spain.The study was partially funded by the “Accion Transversal del Cancer”, approved on the Spanish Ministry Council on the 11th October 2007, by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III-FEDER (PI08/1770, PI08/0533, PI08/1359, PS09/00773, PS09/01286, PS09/01903, PS09/02078, PS09/01662, PI11/01403, PI11/01889, PI11/00226, PI11/01810, PI11/02213, PI12/00488, PI12/00265, PI12/01270, PI12/00715, PI12/00150), by the Fundación Marqués de Valdecilla (API 10/09), by the ICGC International Cancer Genome Consortium CLL, by the Junta de Castilla y León (LE22A10-2), by the Consejería de Salud of the Junta de Andalucía (PI-0571), by the Conselleria de Sanitat of the Generalitat Valenciana (AP 061/10), by the Recercaixa (2010ACUP 00310), by the Regional Government of the Basque Country by European Commission grants FOOD-CT- 2006-036224-HIWATE, by the Spanish Association Against Cancer (AECC) Scientific Foundation, by the The Catalan Government DURSI grant 2009SGR1489

Comparación de los métodos geofísicos de prospección eléctrica y magnética para la localización de muros de piedra en un yacimiento arqueológico

En la prospección geofísica de un yacimiento arqueológico pueden emplearse diferentes técnicas (gravimétricas, magnéticas, eléctricas, sísmicas, georadar...), este artículo desarrolla los métodos de prospección eléctrica y magnética aplicados sobre una misma zona geográfica. Posteriormente, analizando los resultados se procede a un estudio comparativo de los métodos resolviendo las ventajas e inconvenientes de cada una de las técnicas. Este estudio sobre el yacimiento romano de Julióbriga indica la metodología de campo que se puede usar en el caso de disponer de ambos medios técnicos (eléctrico y magnético), para ahorrar tiempo en la búsqueda de las estructuras enterradas (muros de piedra) sin perder precisión