Knowledge And Awareness of Needle Stick Injury Among Dental Students

Background: Needle Stick Injury(NSI) and Sharp Injuries are major hazards in transmission of infectious blood borne diseases among Health Care Workers and Medical students who are at a risk of injuries because of daily procedures in performing clinical activities in hospitals. To reduce the risk of increased growth rate of NSIs, there should be an essential need to improve and update knowledge of NSIs and its management by lectures and seminars. Aim: To assess the knowledge and awareness regarding sharp injuries amongst dental students. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional survey study was conducted among 103 voluntarily participating dental students who were receiving their undergraduate clinical training in a private Dental College. Data was recorded on a Structured questionnaire to elicit knowledge and awareness towards Needle Stick Injuries. Statistical analysis was done by SPSS Software-23. Results: 76.7% Dental students experienced NSI. 57.28% students aren’t aware of the Universal Precaution Guidelines. Adequate number of students had good knowledge and awareness regarding Needle Stick Injury. In practice, a maximum number of students washed hands, used gloves, and recapped needles after use. Pearson chi square test was done and p value obtained for comparing the knowledge between male and female on the awareness of Universal Precaution Guidelines is 0.882(>0.5). Conclusion: Dental students require training and teaching regarding management of Needle Stick Injury and should be encouraged to report it to the concerned authority

IoT: Green Data Center Strategies

With the rapid development of science and technology, the world is becoming ��smart��. Living in such a smart world, people will be automatically and collaboratively served by the smart devices (e.g., watches, mobile phones, computers), smart transportation (e.g., cars, buses, trains), smart environments (e.g., homes, offices, factories), etc. The volume of data that will travel around the world will increase enormously in the near future. Data center IP traffic will grow at a CAGR of 27% between 2015 and 2020 to 15.3 zettabytes(1021bytes) per annum according to Cisco�s 2015 Global Cloud Index, and there will also be as many as 25 billion devices connected to the IoT generating as much as 50 zettabytes of data. Thus, an autonomous vehicle can be seen as a data centre in its own right, although connected to a control data centre for some elements of its operation and programming. The energy use and environmental impact of data centers has recently become a significant issue for both operators and policy makers. More than 50 per cent of the power being expended is directed to powering the necessary cooling systems that keep processors from overheating. This presents, potentially, a big opportunity for the �greening� of data centers. This paper aims at studying the need of green data centers to synchronize the upcoming IoT trends and its effect on the environment, along with better energy efficient strategies. Green data centers thus aims at reducing the carbon footprints required or generated by the computer technology.[14] For any data centre today being energy efficient is a must. PUE can provide a basis for measuring energy efficiency and is very important for creating a sustainable green data center. By reducing carbon footprints and increasing the utilization of individual servers, the goals of PUE and ROI optimization can be achieved

The Development of Theoretical Framework for In-App Purchasing for the Gaming Industry

The gaming industry is a multi-billion dollar business has evolved from video arcade games in the 1970s/80s to video game consoles and online games in the 1990s/2000s. Today, games can be played on smart phones and tablets which are initially offered for free. They make money later by offering in-app upgrades which promises to enhance the gaming experience. When a gamer engages in this purchase, the term used is in-app purchasing. Normally, a frequent gamer is interested to buy upgrades. For this, a game company must understand the needs and wants of a gamer, and design an intelligent game system which gathers and process information about the behaviour of a gamer when he/she interacts (plays) with it. The game system will suggest a list of in-app(s) which are priced according to the effectiveness for the gamer to upgrade. This research-in-progress paper presents a theoretical framework to study in-app purchasing. The In-App Purchasing Theoretical Framework is backed by Behavioural Game Theory, which is to examine gamer’s behaviour, and Theory of Consumption Values, which identify the game’s values which are gained from his/her gaming experience

Unraveling the Biology of Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumor

View full abstracthttps://openworks.mdanderson.org/leading-edge/1016/thumbnail.jp

Antiapoptotic Actions of Methyl Gallate on Neonatal Rat Cardiac Myocytes Exposed to H 2

Reactive oxygen species trigger cardiomyocyte cell death via increased oxidative stress and have been implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. The prevention of cardiomyocyte apoptosis is a putative therapeutic target in cardioprotection. Polyphenol intake has been associated with reduced incidences of cardiovascular disease and better overall health. Polyphenols like epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) can reduce apoptosis of cardiomyocytes, resulting in better health outcomes in animal models of cardiac disorders. Here, we analyzed whether the antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) or polyphenols EGCG, gallic acid (GA) or methyl gallate (MG) can protect cardiomyocytes from cobalt or H2O2-induced stress. We demonstrate that MG can uphold viability of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes exposed to H2O2 by diminishing intracellular ROS, maintaining mitochondrial membrane potential, augmenting endogenous glutathione, and reducing apoptosis as evidenced by impaired Annexin V/PI staining, prevention of DNA fragmentation, and cleaved caspase-9 accumulation. These findings suggest a therapeutic value for MG in cardioprotection

Bioactivity-guided isolation of trypanocidal coumarins and dihydro-pyranochromones from selected Apiaceae plant species.

Bioactivity-guided isolation of natural products from plant matrices is widely used in drug discovery. Here, this strategy was applied to identify trypanocidal coumarins effective against the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiologic agent of Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis). Previously, phylogenetic relationships of trypanocidal activity revealed a coumarin-associated antichagasic hotspot in the Apiaceae. In continuation, a total of 35 ethyl acetate extracts of different Apiaceae species were profiled for selective cytotoxicity against T. cruzi epimastigotes over host CHO-K1 and RAW264.7 cells at 10 μg/mL. A flow cytometry-based T. cruzi trypomastigote cellular infection assay was employed to measure toxicity against the intracellular amastigote stage. Among the tested extracts, Seseli andronakii aerial parts, Portenschlagiella ramosissima and Angelica archangelica subsp. litoralis roots exhibited selective trypanocidal activity and were subjected to bioactivity-guided fractionation and isolation by countercurrent chromatography. The khellactone ester isosamidin isolated from the aerial parts of S. andronakii emerged as a selective trypanocidal molecule (selectivity index ∼9) and inhibited amastigote replication in CHO-K1 cells, though it was significantly less potent than benznidazole. The khellactone ester praeruptorin B and the linear dihydropyranochromones 3'-O-acetylhamaudol and ledebouriellol isolated from the roots of P. ramosissima were more potent and efficiently inhibited the intracellular amastigote replication at < 10 μM. The furanocoumarins imperatorin, isoimperatorin and phellopterin from A. archangelica inhibited T. cruzi replication in host cells only in combination, indicative of superadditive effects, while alloimperatorin was more active in fractions. Our study reports preliminary structure-activity relationships of trypanocidal coumarins and shows that pyranocoumarins and dihydropyranochromones are potential chemical scaffolds for antichagasic drug discovery

Tissue-specific targeting of DNA nanodevices in a multicellular living organism

Nucleic acid nanodevices present great potential as agents for logic-based therapeutic intervention as well as in basic biology. Often, however, the disease targets that need corrective action are localized in specific organs and thus realizing the full potential of DNA nanodevices also requires ways to target them to specific cell-types in vivo. Here we show that by exploiting either endogenous or synthetic receptor-ligand interactions and by leveraging the biological barriers presented by the organism, we can target extraneously introduced DNA nanodevices to specific cell types in C. elegans, with sub-cellular precision. The amenability of DNA nanostructures to tissue-specific targeting in vivo significantly expands their utility in biomedical applications and discovery biology

Romantic ideals, mate preferences, and anticipation of future difficulties in marital life: a comparative study of young adults in India and America

This article has been made available through open access by the Brunel Open Access Publishing Fund.Previous studies have established that Indians tend to be greater in collectivism and gender role traditionalism than Americans. The purpose of the present study was to examine whether these differences explained further cultural differences in romantic beliefs, traditional mate preferences, and anticipation of future difficulties in marital life. Results revealed that Indians reported greater collectivism than Americans and, in turn, held stronger romantic beliefs. Additionally, Indians’ greater collectivism and endorsement of more traditional gender roles in part predicted their preferences for a marital partner possessing traditional characteristics, and fully accounted for their heightened concerns about encountering future difficulties in marital life. These results shed light on the processes underlying cultural differences in relationship attitudes and preferences, and point to culture-specific therapies to enhance marital functioning

Respiratory Syncytial Virus NS1 Protein Colocalizes with Mitochondrial Antiviral Signaling Protein MAVS following Infection

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) nonstructural protein 1(NS1) attenuates type-I interferon (IFN) production during RSV infection; however the precise role of RSV NS1 protein in orchestrating the early host-virus interaction during infection is poorly understood. Since NS1 constitutes the first RSV gene transcribed and the production of IFN depends upon RLR (RIG-I-like receptor) signaling, we reasoned that NS1 may interfere with this signaling. Herein, we report that NS1 is localized to mitochondria and binds to mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS). Live-cell imaging of rgRSV-infected A549 human epithelial cells showed that RSV replication and transcription occurs in proximity to mitochondria. NS1 localization to mitochondria was directly visualized by confocal microscopy using a cell-permeable chemical probe for His6-NS1. Further, NS1 colocalization with MAVS in A549 cells infected with RSV was shown by confocal laser microscopy and immuno-electron microscopy. NS1 protein is present in the mitochondrial fraction and co-immunoprecipitates with MAVS in total cell lysatesof A549 cells transfected with the plasmid pNS1-Flag. By immunoprecipitation with anti-RIG-I antibody, RSV NS1 was shown to associate with MAVS at an early stage of RSV infection, and to disrupt MAVS interaction with RIG-I (retinoic acid inducible gene) and the downstream IFN antiviral and inflammatory response. Together, these results demonstrate that NS1 binds to MAVS and that this binding inhibits the MAVS-RIG-I interaction required for IFN production