Практико-ориентированная направленность подготовки студентов стоматологического факультета

МЕДИЦИНСКИЕ УЧЕБНЫЕ ЗАВЕДЕНИЯОБРАЗОВАНИЕ МЕДИЦИНСКОЕСТУДЕНТЫ МЕДИЦИНСКИХ УЧЕБНЫХ ЗАВЕДЕНИЙОБРАЗОВАНИЕ СТОМАТОЛОГИЧЕСКОЕПРАКТИКО-ОРИЕНТИРОВАННОЕ ОБРАЗОВАНИ

Navigability is a Robust Property

The Small World phenomenon has inspired researchers across a number of fields. A breakthrough in its understanding was made by Kleinberg who introduced Rank Based Augmentation (RBA): add to each vertex independently an arc to a random destination selected from a carefully crafted probability distribution. Kleinberg proved that RBA makes many networks navigable, i.e., it allows greedy routing to successfully deliver messages between any two vertices in a polylogarithmic number of steps. We prove that navigability is an inherent property of many random networks, arising without coordination, or even independence assumptions

Increased single-balloon Foley catheter volume for induction of labor and time to delivery: A systematic review and meta-analysis

INTRODUCTION: Induction of labor is a common intervention. The objective was to investigate whether larger Foley catheter volumes for labor induction decrease the total time from induction to delivery. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Randomized controlled trials comparing larger single-balloon volumes (60-80 mL) during Foley catheter cervical ripening with usual volume (30 mL) in women undergoing labor induction were identified by searching electronic databases (MEDLINE, Scopus, ClinicalTrials.gov, PROSPERO, EMBASE, Scielo and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) from inception through 2017. The primary outcome was mean time from induction to delivery in hours. Secondary outcomes included time from induction to vaginal delivery, delivery within 24 h, time to Foley expulsion, cesarean section, chorioamnionitis, epidural use, hemorrhage, meconium staining, and neonatal intensive care unit admission. Meta-analysis was performed using the random effects model of DerSimonian and Laird (PROSPERO CRD42017058885). RESULTS: Seven randomized controlled trials including 1432 singleton gestations were included in the systematic review. Women randomized to larger volumes of balloon had a significantly shorter time from induction to delivery (mean difference 1.97 h, 95% CI -3.88 to -0.06). There was no difference in cesarean section between groups (16 vs. 18%, relative risk 0.84, 95% CI 0.6-1.17). A larger balloon volume was associated with a nonsignificant decrease in time from induction to delivery in multiparous (mean difference 2.67 h, 95% CI -6.1 to 0.76) and nulliparous women (mean difference 1.82 h, 95% CI -4.16 to 0.53). CONCLUSION: Balloon volumes larger than 30 mL during Foley catheter induction reduce total time to delivery by approximately 2 h

Exact Synchronization for Finite-State Sources

We analyze how an observer synchronizes to the internal state of a finite-state information source, using the epsilon-machine causal representation. Here, we treat the case of exact synchronization, when it is possible for the observer to synchronize completely after a finite number of observations. The more difficult case of strictly asymptotic synchronization is treated in a sequel. In both cases, we find that an observer, on average, will synchronize to the source state exponentially fast and that, as a result, the average accuracy in an observer's predictions of the source output approaches its optimal level exponentially fast as well. Additionally, we show here how to analytically calculate the synchronization rate for exact epsilon-machines and provide an efficient polynomial-time algorithm to test epsilon-machines for exactness.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures; now includes analytical calculation of the synchronization rate; updates and corrections adde

Is there a mass discrepancy in the Cepheid binary OGLE-LMC-CEP0227?

Context. The Cepheid mass discrepancy, the difference between masses predicted from stellar evolution and stellar pulsation calculations, is a challenge for the understanding of stellar astrophysics. Recent models of the eclipsing binary Cepheid OGLE-LMC-CEP-0227 have suggested that the discrepancy may be resolved. Aims. We explore for what physical parameters do stellar evolution models agree with the measured properties of OGLE-LMC-CEP0227 and compare to canonical stellar evolution models assuming no convective core overshooting. Methods. We construct state-of-the-art stellar evolution models for varying mass, metallicity, and convective core overshooting and compare the stellar evolution predictions with the observed properties. Results. The observed mass, effective temperature, and radius of the two stars in the binary system are well fit by numerous combinations of physical parameters, suggesting a Cepheid mass discrepancy of 10-20% relative to canonical stellar evolution models. Conclusions. The properties of the observed binary Cepheid suggest that the Cepheid mass discrepancy is still a challenge and requires more specific observations, such as the rate of period change, to better constrain and understand the necessary physics for stellar evolution models to resolve the discrepancy.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, A&A accepte

Photon creation from vacuum and interactions engineering in nonstationary circuit QED

We study theoretically the nonstationary circuit QED system in which the artificial atom transition frequency, or the atom-cavity coupling, have a small periodic time modulation, prescribed externally. The system formed by the atom coupled to a single cavity mode is described by the Rabi Hamiltonian. We show that, in the dispersive regime, when the modulation periodicity is tuned to the `resonances', the system dynamics presents the dynamical Casimir effect, resonant Jaynes-Cummings or resonant Anti-Jaynes-Cummings behaviors, and it can be described by the corresponding effective Hamiltonians. In the resonant atom-cavity regime and under the resonant modulation, the dynamics is similar to the one occurring for a stationary two-level atom in a vibrating cavity, and an entangled state with two photons can be created from vacuum. Moreover, we consider the situation in which the atom-cavity coupling, the atomic frequency, or both have a small nonperiodic time modulation, and show that photons can be created from vacuum in the dispersive regime. Therefore, an analog of the dynamical Casimir effect can be simulated in circuit QED, and several photons, as well as entangled states, can be generated from vacuum due to the anti-rotating term in the Rabi Hamiltonian.Comment: 14 pages, 6 figures. Talk presented at the International Workshop "60 Years of Casimir Effect", 23 - 27 June, 2008, Brasili

On the hierarchical classification of G Protein-Coupled Receptors

Motivation: G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) play an important role in many physiological systems by transducing an extracellular signal into an intracellular response. Over 50% of all marketed drugs are targeted towards a GPCR. There is considerable interest in developing an algorithm that could effectively predict the function of a GPCR from its primary sequence. Such an algorithm is useful not only in identifying novel GPCR sequences but in characterizing the interrelationships between known GPCRs. Results: An alignment-free approach to GPCR classification has been developed using techniques drawn from data mining and proteochemometrics. A dataset of over 8000 sequences was constructed to train the algorithm. This represents one of the largest GPCR datasets currently available. A predictive algorithm was developed based upon the simplest reasonable numerical representation of the protein's physicochemical properties. A selective top-down approach was developed, which used a hierarchical classifier to assign sequences to subdivisions within the GPCR hierarchy. The predictive performance of the algorithm was assessed against several standard data mining classifiers and further validated against Support Vector Machine-based GPCR prediction servers. The selective top-down approach achieves significantly higher accuracy than standard data mining methods in almost all cases