681 research outputs found
The Revenge Of Dreyfus: Charles Maurras And His Influence On Right-Wing Political Discourse
This thesis was born out of an interest in the recent surge of far-right nationalism in the 21st century and a curiosity about whether or not an analysis of the far-right surge in the early twentieth century can be used to better understand it. It includes an analysis of Charles Maurras, the founder of the French far right tradition, as well as a comparison between his ideas and the ideas of his ideological successors. In this thesis, I argue that Maurras employs a synthesis of two elements of thought: an aesthetic traditionalism, which prioritizes tradition, order, and cultural continuity, and a territorial xenophobia, which attacks foreigners and anti-French influences as unhealthy for France. Elements of aesthetic traditionalism are found to be admired and used by thinkers such as T.S. Eliot, while elements of his territorial xenophobia are found in the discourse surrounding contemporary far right movements. Both elements, although never both found together, are reflected in the ideas of nationalist figures and movements post-Maurras in order to respond to a perceived national degradation
Psychological Factors Related to Exercise Behaviors Among College Students
With the prevalence of obesity steadily increasing throughout the United States, promotion of healthy behavior is as important as ever. Positive exercise and dietary habits promoted during the years an individual is in college can perpetuate a lifestyle change that ideally prolongs an entire lifespan. Researchers gathered data from 108 full time students, 18 years of age or older from the West Virginia University Student Recreation Center. Participants were recruited using convenient sampling and completed a 74-item questionnaire comprised of both qualitative and quantitative questions. The collected data, in collaboration with previous literature, has empowered the research team with suitable information to identify motives and barriers of exercise among the sample population. One significant finding suggests there is a moderate relationship between exerciser efficacy and how enjoyable exercise is perceived. These findings are in line with previous research, and propose that individuals will enjoy exercise more if they are more confident in their abilities to properly and effectively exercise
Population Structure Analyses Provide Insight into the Source Populations Underlying Rural Isolated Communities in Illinois
We have previously hypothesized that relatively small and isolated rural communities may experience founder effects, defined as the genetic ramifications of small population sizes at the time of a community’s establishment. To explore this, we used an Illumina Infinium Omni2.5Exome-8 chip to collect data from 157 individuals from four Illinois communities, three rural and one urban. Genetic diversity estimates of 999,259 autosomal markers suggested that the reduction in heterozygosity due to shared ancestry was approximately 0, indicating a randomly mating population. An eigenanalysis, which is similar to a principal component analysis but ran on a genetic coancestry matrix, conducted in the SNPRelate R package revealed that the majority of these individuals formed one cluster with a few putative outliers obscuring population variation. An additional eigenanalysis on the same markers in a combined data set including the 2,504 individuals in the 1000 Genomes database found that most of the 157 Illinois individuals clustered into one group in close proximity to individuals of European descent. A final eigenanalysis of the Illinois individuals with the 503 individuals of European descent (within the 1000 Genomes Project) revealed two clusters of individuals and likely two source populations; one British and one consisting of multiple European subpopulations. We therefore demonstrate the feasibility of examining genetic relatedness across Illinois populations and assessing the number of source populations using publicly available databases. When assessed, it becomes possible for population structure information to contribute to the understanding of genetic history in rural populations
Individual Responses for Muscle Activation, Repetitions, and Volume during Three Sets to Failure of High- (80% 1RM) \u3cem\u3eversus\u3c/em\u3e Low-Load (30% 1RM) Forearm Flexion Resistance Exercise
This study compared electromyographic (EMG) amplitude, the number of repetitions completed, and exercise volume during three sets to failure of high- (80% 1RM) versus low-load (30% 1RM) forearm flexion resistance exercise on a subject-by-subject basis. Fifteen men were familiarized, completed forearm flexion 1RM testing. Forty-eight to 72 h later, the subjects completed three sets to failure of dumbbell forearm flexion resistance exercise with 80% (n = 8) or 30% (n = 7) 1RM. EMG amplitude was calculated for every repetition, and the number of repetitions performed and exercise volume were recorded. During sets 1, 2, and 3, one of eight subjects in the 80% 1RM group demonstrated a significant linear relationship for EMG amplitude versus repetition. For the 30% 1RM group, seven, five, and four of seven subjects demonstrated significant linear relationships during sets 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The mean EMG amplitude responses show that the fatigue-induced increases in EMG amplitude for the 30% 1RM group and no change in EMG amplitude for the 80% 1RM group resulted in similar levels of muscle activation in both groups. The numbers of repetitions completed were comparatively greater, while exercise volumes were similar in the 30% versus 80% 1RM group. Our results, in conjunction with those of previous studies in the leg extensors, suggest that there may be muscle specific differences in the responses to high- versus low-load exercise
KOI-54: The Kepler Discovery of Tidally Excited Pulsations and Brightenings in a Highly Eccentric Binary
Kepler observations of the star HD 187091 (KIC 8112039, hereafter KOI-54) revealed a remarkable light curve exhibiting sharp periodic brightening events every 41.8 days with a superimposed set of oscillations forming a beating pattern in phase with the brightenings. Spectroscopic observations revealed that this is a binary star with a highly eccentric orbit, e = 0.83. We are able to match the Kepler light curve and radial velocities with a nearly face-on (i = 5 degrees.5) binary star model in which the brightening events are caused by tidal distortion and irradiation of nearly identical A stars during their close periastron passage. The two dominant oscillations in the light curve, responsible for the beating pattern, have frequencies that are the 91st and 90th harmonic of the orbital frequency. The power spectrum of the light curve, after removing the binary star brightening component, reveals a large number of pulsations, 30 of which have a signal-to-noise ratio greater than or similar to 7. Nearly all of these pulsations have frequencies that are either integer multiples of the orbital frequency or are tidally split multiples of the orbital frequency. This pattern of frequencies unambiguously establishes the pulsations as resonances between the dynamic tides at periastron and the free oscillation modes of one or both of the stars. KOI-54 is only the fourth star to show such a phenomenon and is by far the richest in terms of excited modes.NASA, Science Mission DirectorateNASA NNX08AR14GEuropean Research Council under the European Community 227224W.M. Keck FoundationMcDonald Observator
Modeling Kepler transit light curves as false positives: Rejection of blend scenarios for Kepler-9, and validation of Kepler-9d, a super-Earth-size planet in a multiple system
Light curves from the Kepler Mission contain valuable information on the
nature of the phenomena producing the transit-like signals. To assist in
exploring the possibility that they are due to an astrophysical false positive,
we describe a procedure (BLENDER) to model the photometry in terms of a "blend"
rather than a planet orbiting a star. A blend may consist of a background or
foreground eclipsing binary (or star-planet pair) whose eclipses are attenuated
by the light of the candidate and possibly other stars within the photometric
aperture. We apply BLENDER to the case of Kepler-9, a target harboring two
previously confirmed Saturn-size planets (Kepler-9b and Kepler-9c) showing
transit timing variations, and an additional shallower signal with a 1.59-day
period suggesting the presence of a super-Earth-size planet. Using BLENDER
together with constraints from other follow-up observations we are able to rule
out all blends for the two deeper signals, and provide independent validation
of their planetary nature. For the shallower signal we rule out a large
fraction of the false positives that might mimic the transits. The false alarm
rate for remaining blends depends in part (and inversely) on the unknown
frequency of small-size planets. Based on several realistic estimates of this
frequency we conclude with very high confidence that this small signal is due
to a super-Earth-size planet (Kepler-9d) in a multiple system, rather than a
false positive. The radius is determined to be 1.64 (+0.19/-0.14) R(Earth), and
current spectroscopic observations are as yet insufficient to establish its
mass.Comment: 20 pages in emulateapj format, including 8 tables and 16 figures. To
appear in ApJ, 1 January 2010. Accepted versio
Kepler-21b: A 1.6REarth Planet Transiting the Bright Oscillating F Subgiant Star HD 179070
We present Kepler observations of the bright (V=8.3), oscillating star HD
179070. The observations show transit-like events which reveal that the star is
orbited every 2.8 days by a small, 1.6 R_Earth object. Seismic studies of HD
179070 using short cadence Kepler observations show that HD 179070 has a
frequencypower spectrum consistent with solar-like oscillations that are
acoustic p-modes. Asteroseismic analysis provides robust values for the mass
and radius of HD 179070, 1.34{\pm}0.06 M{\circ} and 1.86{\pm}0.04 R{\circ}
respectively, as well as yielding an age of 2.84{\pm}0.34 Gyr for this F5
subgiant. Together with ground-based follow-up observations, analysis of the
Kepler light curves and image data, and blend scenario models, we
conservatively show at the >99.7% confidence level (3{\sigma}) that the transit
event is caused by a 1.64{\pm}0.04 R_Earth exoplanet in a 2.785755{\pm}0.000032
day orbit. The exoplanet is only 0.04 AU away from the star and our
spectroscopic observations provide an upper limit to its mass of ~10 M_Earth
(2-{\sigma}). HD 179070 is the brightest exoplanet host star yet discovered by
Kepler.Comment: Accepted to Ap
A First Comparison of Kepler Planet Candidates in Single and Multiple Systems
In this letter we present an overview of the rich population of systems with
multiple candidate transiting planets found in the first four months of Kepler
data. The census of multiples includes 115 targets that show 2 candidate
planets, 45 with 3, 8 with 4, and 1 each with 5 and 6, for a total of 170
systems with 408 candidates. When compared to the 827 systems with only one
candidate, the multiples account for 17 percent of the total number of systems,
and a third of all the planet candidates. We compare the characteristics of
candidates found in multiples with those found in singles. False positives due
to eclipsing binaries are much less common for the multiples, as expected.
Singles and multiples are both dominated by planets smaller than Neptune; 69
+2/-3 percent for singles and 86 +2/-5 percent for multiples. This result, that
systems with multiple transiting planets are less likely to include a
transiting giant planet, suggests that close-in giant planets tend to disrupt
the orbital inclinations of small planets in flat systems, or maybe even to
prevent the formation of such systems in the first place.Comment: 13 pages, 13 figures, submitted to ApJ Letter
TESS Discovery of an ultra-short-period planet around the nearby M dwarf LHS 3844
Data from the newly-commissioned \textit{Transiting Exoplanet Survey
Satellite} (TESS) has revealed a "hot Earth" around LHS 3844, an M dwarf
located 15 pc away. The planet has a radius of and
orbits the star every 11 hours. Although the existence of an atmosphere around
such a strongly irradiated planet is questionable, the star is bright enough
(, ) for this possibility to be investigated with transit and
occultation spectroscopy. The star's brightness and the planet's short period
will also facilitate the measurement of the planet's mass through Doppler
spectroscopy.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures. Submitted to ApJ Letters. This letter makes use
of the TESS Alert data, which is currently in a beta test phase, using data
from the pipelines at the TESS Science Office and at the TESS Science
Processing Operations Cente
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