Development and psychometric properties of the Therapeutic Relationship Assessment Scale‐Nurse

Introduction: The therapeutic relationship (TR) is essential to providing psychiatric and mental health nursing care. Nevertheless, no assessment tools exclusive for assessing nursing TR were found in the literature. Aim: To describe and evaluate the psychometric properties (reliability and construct validity) of a scale that allows assessing the quality of TR established between the nurse and the patient. Method: A survey method was adopted, using a convenience sample of 356 mental health nurses. Internal consistency was assessed by Cronbach's alpha and Omega index. Results: A total of 221 mental health nurses participated in the study (response rate = 62.08%). The scale's final structure has 25 items. Cronbach's alpha was 0.93, ranging from 0.78 to 0.88 for each of the factors. The cumulative variance explained in a four-factor structure was 71.12%. Discussion: The Therapeutic Relationship Assessment Scale (TRAS)-Nurse presents good psychometric properties. In the light of Benner's theory, it can be an useful tool for novice nurses to better understand what aspects they should pay attention to for establishing a successful TR. Implications for Practice: Mental health nurses can use the TRAS-Nurse, thus having a scale available that allows them to self-assess the quality of TR they establish with their patients.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Os benefícios das orientações de enfermagem no período pré-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca

The aim was to compare the perceptions of patients regarding nursing guidelines in the preoperative period of cardiac surgery with those who did not receive the guidelines. This is a qualitative, descriptive and comparative research, carried out in the first half of 2017 in a private reference clinic in the region. Data were collected from field research and using the Bardin method. It was demonstrated that the nursing guidelines in the preoperative period obtained a satisfactory result for the patient in terms of both psychic and hemodynamics after surgery, whereas in relation to those who were not instructed in the preoperative period, it was shown to be the opposite. Patients who received nursing guidance felt more confident and secure in relation to the procedure than those who were not instructed.Objetivou-se comparar as percepções dos pacientes quanto as orientações de enfermagem no pré-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca com os que não receberam as orientações. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva e comparativa, realizada no primeiro semestre de 2017 em uma clínica privada de referência da região. Os dados foram coletados a partir de uma pesquisa de campo e utilização do método Bardin. Demostrou-se que as orientações de enfermagem no pré-operatório, obtiveram um resultado satisfatório para o paciente na questão tanto psíquica quanto hemodinâmica após a cirurgia, já em relação aos não foram orientados no pré-operatório, mostrou-se o contrário. Os pacientes que receberam as orientações de enfermagem sentiram-se mais confiantes e seguros em relação ao procedimento do que os que não foram orientados

Os benefícios das orientações de enfermagem no período pré-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca

The aim was to compare the perceptions of patients regarding nursing guidelines in the preoperative period of cardiac surgery with those who did not receive the guidelines. This is a qualitative, descriptive and comparative research, carried out in the first half of 2017 in a private reference clinic in the region. Data were collected from field research and using the Bardin method. It was demonstrated that the nursing guidelines in the preoperative period obtained a satisfactory result for the patient in terms of both psychic and hemodynamics after surgery, whereas in relation to those who were not instructed in the preoperative period, it was shown to be the opposite. Patients who received nursing guidance felt more confident and secure in relation to the procedure than those who were not instructed.Objetivou-se comparar as percepções dos pacientes quanto as orientações de enfermagem no pré-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca com os que não receberam as orientações. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva e comparativa, realizada no primeiro semestre de 2017 em uma clínica privada de referência da região. Os dados foram coletados a partir de uma pesquisa de campo e utilização do método Bardin. Demostrou-se que as orientações de enfermagem no pré-operatório, obtiveram um resultado satisfatório para o paciente na questão tanto psíquica quanto hemodinâmica após a cirurgia, já em relação aos não foram orientados no pré-operatório, mostrou-se o contrário. Os pacientes que receberam as orientações de enfermagem sentiram-se mais confiantes e seguros em relação ao procedimento do que os que não foram orientados

Enterolitíase em equinos da raça crioula

Enteroliths are intestinal mineral calculi predominantly composed of struvite. In horses this material accumulates concentrically around a core, causing total or partial obstruction of the higher and lower colon, and can lead to death by rupture. The enterolithiasis has worldwide distribution, and occurs frequently in Rio Grande do Sul, especially in Crioulo Horses. The aim of this work is to report a sequence of cases of Crioulo Horses with enterolithiasis, linking risk factors through historical analysis, clinical presentation and management employed by the breeding farms. Case: Between the years 2012 and 2015, 16 Crioulo Horses with colic syndrome caused by enteroliths were treated at the Hospital de Clínicas Veterinária of Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), RS, Brazil and Clínica Hípica, in Porto Alegre, RS. The group was formed predominantly by males, weighted 430 kg in average and the average age was eight years old. All horses underwent general and specific clinical examination, laboratory tests and surgical procedure to remove the enterolith. After discharge, there was an epidemiological questionnaire seeking information about the history, food and environmental management that could be related to the development of enterolithiasis. In relationship to the history of previous episodes of colic, the results were: 4 horses (25%) had no previous episodes of colic, while 12 horses (75%) had experienced previous colic. Regarding the horses’ bedding, 70% use sawdust and 30% rice husk, and about behavior, ten (62.5%) of the 16 horses attended had no stereotypies. Related to food and water supply, it was observed that nine horses (56.25%) had alfalfa as the only roughage source in the diet, and all animals (100%) were fed commercial food and water ad libitum. According to the number of hours the patients remained stabled, the rearing system was classified as intensive (over 12 h/stable/day), extensive (0 h, at the field) or semi-extensive (up to 12 h/stable/day). The frequencies observed were: intensive (9 animals - 56.25%), semi-intensive (6 animals - 37.5%) and extensive (1 animal - 6.25%). The average time of stabling was 17.2 h/day. Discussion: The alfalfa consumption as the only forage observed in our study is the main risk factor described for the formation of enteroliths. This is because in digestion, alfalfa tends to alkalize the intestinal pH, hindering the metabolism of some minerals and thus forming the enterolith. Another important risk factor observed in this work is the intensive rearing, with long periods of stabling. This explains why confinement leads to decreased intestinal motility, due to reduced or absent grazing. Furthermore, reduced physical activity is another contributing factor to the reduction of motility, because the exercise influence the intestinal peristalsis. The rearing of horses intensively is usual with the Crioulo, especially in training and morphological preparation. Based on this case study, we can’t say that there is a racial predisposition to enterolithiasis of the Crioulo Horse, since it would require more studies on the physiology and a standard feeding of these horses. However, we can attribute the considerable volume of enteroliths observed in Crioulo Horses in Rio Grande do Sul to the increase in the number of referrals to the reference hospitals, feeding alfalfa as the only roughage source in the diet and to intensive management of the farms, with long periods of daily stabling

Transcultural adaptation and psychometric properties of the spanish version of the therapeutic relationship Assessment Scale-Nurse

Background: The nurse-patient therapeutic relationship is considered a pillar of mental health nursing, contributing to improved person-centered care and shared decision making with the patient. Given the importance of the nurse-patient therapeutic relationship, appropriate evaluation instruments are required to assess its quality. The aim of this study was to adapt and validate the Spanish version of the Therapeutic Relationship Assessment Scale-Nurse. Methods: A translation and back-translation of the scale was carried out. To analyze the psychometric properties, the scale was administered to 213 nurses working in the field of mental health care. Temporal stability or test-retest was examined by means of the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) in a sample of 100 nurses. Results: Confirmatory Factor Analysis revealed a four-factor structure identical to the original version, with some poor model fit indices. The ordinal alpha values for the total scale and the four factors were 0.939, 0.654, 0.798, 0.801, and 0.866, respectively. The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.928 (95% CI: 0.893-0.952). Conclusions: The results show that the Spanish version of the Therapeutic Relationship Assessment Scale-Nurse is reliable for determining the quality of the therapeutic relationship that mental health nurses can establish with their patients. However, more studies are needed to analyse the model fit of the instrument's factor structure in the Spanish population

Sucesso e insucesso no ensino básico : relevância de variáveis sócio-familiares e escolares em alunos do 5º ano

Tomando a globalidade dos alunos do 5º ano de uma EB2,3 da cidade de Braga, procedemos à caracterização destes alunos em termos de variáveis sócio-culturais, familiares e escolares. Particular destaque foi dado no estudo ao acompanhamento educativo e escolar que os alunos recebem no seio da família, assim como à forma como os alunos vivenciam a sua escola. Os resultados consideram os alunos diferenciados segundo o género e segundo o seu índice de aproveitamento escolar no final do ano lectivo. Em face da reduzida percentagem de alunos que não transitaram no final do ano lectivo, a opção foi por calcular a média das classificações nas várias disciplinas e, a partir dessa média, formar o grupo dos alunos com melhor e mais fraco rendimento. Algumas diferenças nos resultados, segundo o género e segundo o rendimento do aluno, são apresentadas e discutidas, mormente aquelas que poderão justificar alguma atenção por parte da escola e dos professores

Protein Profile and oxidative metabolism of lambs experimentally infected with Haemonchus contortus and supplemented with selenium and vitamin E

Para avaliar a influência da suplementação com selênio e vitamina E sobre o perfil proteico e metabolismo oxidativo de cordeiros infectados experimentalmente pelo Haemonchus contortus, trinta cordeiros fêmeas foram distribuídos em quatro grupos: G1 (n=10): animais infectados; G2 (n=10): infectados e suplementados; G3 (n=5): controle; e G4 (n=5): não infectados e suplementados. Os grupos 1 e 2 receberam 500 larvas de H. contortus (L3), via oral, por um período de 20 dias, com intervalo de dois dias entre as doses. A suplementação nos grupos 2 e 4 foi realizada no dia zero, com 0,1mg kg-1 de Selenito de sódio (1,67%) e com 2.000UI de vitamina E por via intramuscular (IM). Somente a vitamina E foi reaplicada no dia 30. As coletas de sangue para determinação do perfil proteico (proteína total, albumina, alfa, beta e gamaglobulina) e metabolismo oxidativo (espécies reativas ao ácido tiobarbitúrico-TBARS e a enzima glutationa peroxidase (GSPX) foram realizadas nos dias zero, 20, 30, 45, 60 e 80. OPG foi quantificado nos dias 0, 20 ,45 e 80. Em relação aos valores de proteínas totais, albumina, betaglobulina e gamaglobulina, as principais diferenças foram observadas quando os grupos parasitados foram comparados com o grupo somente suplementado; e este manteve valores mais elevados. Conclui-se que não há influência da suplementação com selênio e vitamina E no perfil proteico e metabolismo oxidativo quando os cordeiros se encontram severamente parasitados por H.contortus.The objective of the present study was to describe the influence of supplementation with selenium and vitamin E on the protein and oxidative profiles of lambs experimentally infected with Haemonchus contortus. Thirty female lambs were divided into four groups as follows: G1 (n=10): infected animals; G2 (n=10): infected and supplemented; G3 (n=5): control; G4 (n=5): non-infected and supplemented. Groups 1 and 2 received 500 H. contortus larvae (L3) orally for a period of 20 days, with 2-day intervals between doses. Supplementation in groups 2 and 4 was performed on day zero by injecting 0.1mg kg-1 of sodium selenite solution (1.67%) and 2,000IU vitamin E through the intramuscular (IM) route. Vitamin E alone was injected once again on day thirty. The blood samples to determine the protein profile (total protein, albumin, alpha, beta and gamma) and oxidative metabolism (species reactive to thiobarbituric acid and glutathione peroxidase (GSPX) were performed on days zero, 20, 30, 45, 60 and 80. The OPG was quantified on days 0, 20, 45 and 80. Regarding the values of total proteins, albumin, beta and gamma globulins, the main differences were observed when the parasitized groups were compared to the supplemented, non-infected group, the latter exhibiting higher values. It is concluded that there is no influence of supplementation with vitamin E and selenium in the protein profile and oxidative metabolism when the lambs are severely parasitized with H. contortus

Aedes fluviatilis cell lines as new tools to study metabolic and immune interactions in mosquito‑Wolbachia symbiosis

In the present work, we established two novel embryonic cell lines from the mosquito Aedes fluviatilis containing or not the naturally occurring symbiont bacteria Wolbachia, which were called wAflu1 and Aflu2, respectively. We also obtained wAflu1 without Wolbachia after tetracycline treatment, named wAflu1.tet. Morphofunctional characterization was performed to help elucidate the symbiont-host interaction in the context of energy metabolism regulation and molecular mechanisms of the immune responses involved. The presence of Wolbachia pipientis improves energy performance in A. fluviatilis cells; it affects the regulation of key energy sources such as lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates, making the distribution of actin more peripheral and with extensions that come into contact with neighboring cells. Additionally, innate immunity mechanisms were activated, showing that the wAflu1 and wAflu1.tet cells are responsive after the stimulus using Gram negative bacteria. Therefore, this work confirms the natural, mutually co-regulating symbiotic relationship between W. pipientis and A. fluviatilis, modulating the host metabolism and immune pathway activation. The results presented here add important resources to the current knowledge of Wolbachia-arthropod interactions