Etude de l'influence du niveau socio-professionnel des parents sur le choix professionnel des enfants de 9 à 11 ans. Déviance et conformisme

Babelon Catherine, Saillard-Voge Perrine. Etude de l'influence du niveau socio-professionnel des parents sur le choix professionnel des enfants de 9 à 11 ans. Déviance et conformisme. In: Bulletin de psychologie, tome 26 n°303, 1972. Travaux du laboratoire de psychologie expérimentale et différentielle de de Paris X - Nanterre. pp. 35-93

L'impact de la correction optique sur le TVSP

Depuis une dizaine d’années, le neurovisuel prend une place de plus en plus importante au sein de la pratique orthoptique. En effet, les orthoptistes prennent en charge des patients ayant des troubles des apprentissages et pratiquent davantage des bilans neurovisuels très élaborés. En conséquence, il nous a paru pertinent de s’intéresser plus particulièrement, au test TVPS 4 et de l’impact que pourrait avoir la correction optique sur ce dernier. Nous avons donc détaillé ce test neurovisuel ainsi que les bases anatomiques et fonctionnelles de la neurovision. A la suite, nous avons réalisé une étude portant sur onze sujets amétropes, n’ayant pas encore de correction optique. Ces sujets ont passé un premier TVPS sans correction optique. Ensuite, une fois équipés de lunettes (correction totale ou partielle), un deuxième TVPS a été réalisé (Un mois et demi de port de correction optique environ). Il est important de préciser que pour cette étude, seuls les quatre subtests de bas niveau cognitif ont été retenus (discrimination, mémoire visuelle, relations spatiales et constance de forme).Les résultats de cette étude ont été en parallèle comparés à un groupe témoin de onze sujets emmétropes. En effet, nous avions besoin de connaitre la part d’apprentissage sur ce test puisque nous faisions passer le test deux fois à un mois et demi d’intervalle de temps. Sans ce groupe témoin, il aurait été impossible d’interpréter les résultats de notre groupe d’étude

Deep image prior inpainting of ancient frescoes in the Mediterranean Alpine arc

20 pages, 12 figuresThe unprecedented success of image reconstruction approaches based on deep neural networks has revolutionised both the processing and the analysis paradigms in several applied disciplines. In the field of digital humanities, the task of digital reconstruction of ancient frescoes is particularly challenging due to the scarce amount of available training data caused by ageing, wear, tear and retouching over time. To overcome these difficulties, we consider the Deep Image Prior (DIP) inpainting approach which computes appropriate reconstructions by relying on the progressive updating of an untrained convolutional neural network so as to match the reliable piece of information in the image at hand while promoting regularisation elsewhere. In comparison with state-of-the-art approaches (based on variational/PDEs and patch-based methods), DIP-based inpainting reduces artefacts and better adapts to contextual/non-local information, thus providing a valuable and effective tool for art historians. As a case study, we apply such approach to reconstruct missing image contents in a dataset of highly damaged digital images of medieval paintings located into several chapels in the Mediterranean Alpine Arc and provide a detailed description on how visible and invisible (e.g., infrared) information can be integrated for identifying and reconstructing damaged image regions

Deep image prior inpainting of ancient frescoes in the Mediterranean Alpine arc

Abstract The unprecedented success of image reconstruction approaches based on deep neural networks has revolutionised both the processing and the analysis paradigms in several applied disciplines. In the field of digital humanities, the task of digital reconstruction of ancient frescoes is particularly challenging due to the scarce amount of available training data caused by ageing, wear, tear and retouching over time. To overcome these difficulties, we consider the Deep Image Prior (DIP) inpainting approach which computes appropriate reconstructions by relying on the progressive updating of an untrained convolutional neural network so as to match the reliable piece of information in the image at hand while promoting regularisation elsewhere. In comparison with state-of-the-art approaches (based on variational/PDEs and patch-based methods), DIP-based inpainting reduces artefacts and better adapts to contextual/non-local information, thus providing a valuable and effective tool for art historians. As a case study, we apply such approach to reconstruct missing image contents in a dataset of highly damaged digital images of medieval paintings located into several chapels in the Mediterranean Alpine Arc and provide a detailed description on how visible and invisible (e.g., infrared) information can be integrated for identifying and reconstructing damaged image regions

Phylogeography of the North American red fox: vicariance in Pleistocene forest refugia

Fossil, archaeological, and morphometric data suggest that indigenous red foxes in North America were derived from vicariance in two disjunct refugia during the last glaciation: one in Beringia and one in the contiguous USA. To test this hypothesis, we conducted a phylogeographical analysis of the North American red fox within its presettlement range. We sequenced portions of the mitochondrial cytochrome b (354 bp) gene and D-loop (342 bp) from 220 historical red fox specimens. Phylogenetic analysis of the cytochrome b gene produced two clades that diverged c. 400 000 years before present (bp): a Holarctic and a Nearctic clade. D-loop analyses of the Nearctic clade indicated three distinct subclades (≥ 99% Bayesian posterior probability); two that were more recently derived (rho estimate c. 20 000 bp) and were restricted to the southwestern mountains and the eastern portion of North America, and one that was older (rho estimate c. 45 000 bp) and more widespread in North America. Populations that migrated north from the southern refugium following deglaciation were derived from the colonization of North America during or prior to the Illinoian glaciation (300 000–130 000 bp), whereas populations that migrated south from the northern refugium represent a more recent colonization event during the Wisconsin glaciation (100 000–10 000 bp). Our findings indicate that Nearctic clade red foxes are phylogenetically distinct from their Holarctic counterparts, and reflect long-term isolation in two disjunct forest refugia during the Pleistocene. The montane lineage, which includes endangered populations, may be ecologically and evolutionarily distinct

Range-wide multilocus phylogeography of the red fox reveals ancient continental divergence, minimal genomic exchange and distinct demographic histories

Widely distributed taxa provide an opportunity to compare biogeographic responses to climatic fluctuations on multiple continents and to investigate speciation. We conducted the most geographically and genomically comprehensive study to date of the red fox (Vulpes vulpes), the world's most widely distributed wild terrestrial carnivore. Analyses of 697 bp of mitochondrial sequence in ~1000 individuals suggested an ancient Middle Eastern origin for all extant red foxes and a 400 kya (SD = 139 kya) origin of the primary North American (Nearctic) clade. Demographic analyses indicated a major expansion in Eurasia during the last glaciation (~50 kya), coinciding with a previously described secondary transfer of a single matriline (Holarctic) to North America. In contrast, North American matrilines (including the transferred portion of Holarctic clade) exhibited no signatures of expansion until the end of the Pleistocene (~12 kya). Analyses of 11 autosomal loci from a subset of foxes supported the colonization time frame suggested by mtDNA (and the fossil record) but, in contrast, reflected no detectable secondary transfer, resulting in the most fundamental genomic division of red foxes at the Bering Strait. Endemic continental Y-chromosome clades further supported this pattern. Thus, intercontinental genomic exchange was overall very limited, consistent with long-term reproductive isolation since the initial colonization of North America. Based on continental divergence times in other carnivoran species pairs, our findings support a model of peripatric speciation and are consistent with the previous classification of the North American red fox as a distinct species, V. fulva