Construção do Atlas de Poço Verde: Geotecnologias e as Práticas Inovadoras de Ensino

A inovação torna-se mais uma criatividade pedagógica para envolver os estudantes no processo de ensino e aprendizagem. Conceitos geográficos como lugar e espaço podem ser discutidos e mediados pelas geotecnologias através de práticas inovadoras. Diante disso, este trabalho desenvolvido com estudantes do Ensino Fundamental II da Escola Estadual Epifânio Dória, localizada no município de Poço Verde, Sergipe, tem como objetivo refletir sobre o uso das geotecnologias como mediação nas práticas inovadoras de ensino. A abordagem colaborativa-participativa faz parte do método utilizado para a construção do Atlas de Poço Verde, expressão espacial dos pesquisadores juniores. Ao longo da pesquisa desenvolvemos encontros formativos que exploraram as diferentes formas de expressar o espaço, discutimos semanalmente sobre os lugares pesquisados, além de viajarmos para a apresentação de trabalhos em eventos. O Atlas de Poço Verde elaborado pelos pesquisadores juniores está composto por textos, fotografias e mapas. Consideramos, portanto, que este trabalho proporcionou o entrelaçamento entre a prática e a teoria, no qual as inovações foram determinantes para os resultados, assim como a construção do Atlas foi fundamental para que os lugares dos sujeitos fossem expressos

CONSTRUÇÃO DE ATLAS PARTICIPATIVOS NAS ESCOLAS E AS EXPRESSÕES ESPACIAIS

A construção de um atlas convencional requer conhecimento sobre os espaços abordados. É nessa perspectiva que decidimos construir dois atlas que expressassem o entendimento espacial daqueles que o construíram. O Atlas de Poço Verde e o Atlas do Cabula foram desenvolvidos pelos estudantes da Escola Estadual Epifânio Dória “Epifânio”, localizada na Rua José Emídio dos Santos, s/n, município de Poço Verde, Sergipe e do Colégio Polivalente do Cabula “Poli”, localizado na Rua Silveira Martins, s/n, Salvador, Bahia. Neste trabalho, os estudantes do “Epifânio” desenvolveram pesquisas sobre alguns espaços do município, tais como povoado Malhadinha, Praça da Santa Cruz, Feira Livre, entre outros. Já os alunos do “Poli” desenvolveram pesquisas sobre localidades ao entorno do colégio, tais como a Baixinha do Santo Antônio, Engomadeira, Sussuarana, entre outros. Esses lugares foram escolhidos pelos estudantes por apresentarem algum tipo de relação com os mesmos. Portanto, esses atlas são expressões espaciais construídas pelos pesquisadores juniores diante de “seus” lugares. Assim, as Geotecnologias e as Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação tornam-se potencializadoras na mediação do conhecimento dos lugares e a memória de eventos e fatos que os constituem. Ou seja, pesquisar/conhecer o lugar, nos possibilita ao entendimento deste e, consequentemente, do mundo. O objetivo desse trabalho é analisar as expressões espaciais construídas pelos alunos/pesquisadores. A construção dos atlas faz parte do projeto A Rádio da Escola na Escola da Rádio coordenado pelo Grupo de Pesquisa em Geotecnologia, Educação e Contemporaneidade - GEOTEC, da Universidade do Estado da Bahia. Para essa construção, utilizamos uma abordagem coloborativa-participativa, na qual os envolvidos, (professores, estudantes e comunidade escolar) são atores e autores do processo. Para sustentar nossa investigação, as pesquisas sobre os lugares contaram com entrevistas a pessoas que conhecem ou vivenciaram a história dos lugares, levantamento bibliográfico, bem como acervos de documentos e imagens particulares. Além disso, foram desenvolvidos encontros formativos com o objetivo de trabalharmos alguns aspectos utilizados em pesquisa, tais como: produção textual, história oral e memória, fotografias, técnicas em pesquisas demográficas, entre outras. A construção dos atlas proporcionou o entendimento do espaço vivido pelos alunos, a experiência científica, a divulgação das pesquisas, e a expressão espacial construídas durante todo o processo. Portanto, podemos afirmar que a construção dos atlas foram alicerçada nas práticas inovadoras de ensino mediadas pelas geotecnologias. Assim, compreendemos que para expressar o espaço é necessário, antes, entendê-lo. Entender o lugar é compreender o mundo, pois tanto os fragmentos quanto a totalidade desenham um espaço cada vez mais globalizado. O espaço vivido torna-se ponto de partida para a compreensão de espaços outros

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Les droits disciplinaires des fonctions publiques : « unification », « harmonisation » ou « distanciation ». A propos de la loi du 26 avril 2016 relative à la déontologie et aux droits et obligations des fonctionnaires

The production of tt‾ , W+bb‾ and W+cc‾ is studied in the forward region of proton–proton collisions collected at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV by the LHCb experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.98±0.02 fb−1 . The W bosons are reconstructed in the decays W→ℓν , where ℓ denotes muon or electron, while the b and c quarks are reconstructed as jets. All measured cross-sections are in agreement with next-to-leading-order Standard Model predictions.The production of $t\overline{t}$, $W+b\overline{b}$ and $W+c\overline{c}$ is studied in the forward region of proton-proton collisions collected at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV by the LHCb experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.98 $\pm$ 0.02 \mbox{fb}^{-1}. The $W$ bosons are reconstructed in the decays $W\rightarrow\ell\nu$, where $\ell$ denotes muon or electron, while the $b$ and $c$ quarks are reconstructed as jets. All measured cross-sections are in agreement with next-to-leading-order Standard Model predictions

Multidifferential study of identified charged hadron distributions in ZZ-tagged jets in proton-proton collisions at s=\sqrt{s}=13 TeV

Jet fragmentation functions are measured for the first time in proton-proton collisions for charged pions, kaons, and protons within jets recoiling against a $Z$ boson. The charged-hadron distributions are studied longitudinally and transversely to the jet direction for jets with transverse momentum 20 $< p_{\textrm{T}} < 100$ GeV and in the pseudorapidity range $2.5 < \eta < 4$. The data sample was collected with the LHCb experiment at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.64 fb$^{-1}$. Triple differential distributions as a function of the hadron longitudinal momentum fraction, hadron transverse momentum, and jet transverse momentum are also measured for the first time. This helps constrain transverse-momentum-dependent fragmentation functions. Differences in the shapes and magnitudes of the measured distributions for the different hadron species provide insights into the hadronization process for jets predominantly initiated by light quarks.Comment: All figures and tables, along with machine-readable versions and any supplementary material and additional information, are available at https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2022-013.html (LHCb public pages

Study of the B−→Λc+Λˉc−K−B^{-} \to \Lambda_{c}^{+} \bar{\Lambda}_{c}^{-} K^{-} decay

The decay $B^{-} \to \Lambda_{c}^{+} \bar{\Lambda}_{c}^{-} K^{-}$ is studied in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5 $\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$ collected by the LHCb experiment. In the $\Lambda_{c}^+ K^{-}$ system, the $\Xi_{c}(2930)^{0}$ state observed at the BaBar and Belle experiments is resolved into two narrower states, $\Xi_{c}(2923)^{0}$ and $\Xi_{c}(2939)^{0}$, whose masses and widths are measured to be $$m(\Xi_{c}(2923)^{0}) = 2924.5 \pm 0.4 \pm 1.1 \,\mathrm{MeV}, \\ m(\Xi_{c}(2939)^{0}) = 2938.5 \pm 0.9 \pm 2.3 \,\mathrm{MeV}, \\ \Gamma(\Xi_{c}(2923)^{0}) = \phantom{000}4.8 \pm 0.9 \pm 1.5 \,\mathrm{MeV},\\ \Gamma(\Xi_{c}(2939)^{0}) = \phantom{00}11.0 \pm 1.9 \pm 7.5 \,\mathrm{MeV},$$ where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second systematic. The results are consistent with a previous LHCb measurement using a prompt $\Lambda_{c}^{+} K^{-}$ sample. Evidence of a new $\Xi_{c}(2880)^{0}$ state is found with a local significance of $3.8\,\sigma$, whose mass and width are measured to be $2881.8 \pm 3.1 \pm 8.5\,\mathrm{MeV}$ and $12.4 \pm 5.3 \pm 5.8 \,\mathrm{MeV}$, respectively. In addition, evidence of a new decay mode $\Xi_{c}(2790)^{0} \to \Lambda_{c}^{+} K^{-}$ is found with a significance of $3.7\,\sigma$. The relative branching fraction of $B^{-} \to \Lambda_{c}^{+} \bar{\Lambda}_{c}^{-} K^{-}$ with respect to the $B^{-} \to D^{+} D^{-} K^{-}$ decay is measured to be $2.36 \pm 0.11 \pm 0.22 \pm 0.25$, where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic and the third originates from the branching fractions of charm hadron decays.Comment: All figures and tables, along with any supplementary material and additional information, are available at https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2022-028.html (LHCb public pages

Measurement of the ratios of branching fractions R(D∗)\mathcal{R}(D^{*}) and R(D0)\mathcal{R}(D^{0})

The ratios of branching fractions $\mathcal{R}(D^{*})\equiv\mathcal{B}(\bar{B}\to D^{*}\tau^{-}\bar{\nu}_{\tau})/\mathcal{B}(\bar{B}\to D^{*}\mu^{-}\bar{\nu}_{\mu})$ and $\mathcal{R}(D^{0})\equiv\mathcal{B}(B^{-}\to D^{0}\tau^{-}\bar{\nu}_{\tau})/\mathcal{B}(B^{-}\to D^{0}\mu^{-}\bar{\nu}_{\mu})$ are measured, assuming isospin symmetry, using a sample of proton-proton collision data corresponding to 3.0 fb${ }^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity recorded by the LHCb experiment during 2011 and 2012. The tau lepton is identified in the decay mode $\tau^{-}\to\mu^{-}\nu_{\tau}\bar{\nu}_{\mu}$. The measured values are $\mathcal{R}(D^{*})=0.281\pm0.018\pm0.024$ and $\mathcal{R}(D^{0})=0.441\pm0.060\pm0.066$, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. The correlation between these measurements is $\rho=-0.43$. Results are consistent with the current average of these quantities and are at a combined 1.9 standard deviations from the predictions based on lepton flavor universality in the Standard Model.Comment: All figures and tables, along with any supplementary material and additional information, are available at https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2022-039.html (LHCb public pages

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost