Risk profiles and one-year outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation in India: Insights from the GARFIELD-AF Registry.

BACKGROUND: The Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF) is an ongoing prospective noninterventional registry, which is providing important information on the baseline characteristics, treatment patterns, and 1-year outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). This report describes data from Indian patients recruited in this registry. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 52,014 patients with newly diagnosed AF were enrolled globally; of these, 1388 patients were recruited from 26 sites within India (2012-2016). In India, the mean age was 65.8 years at diagnosis of NVAF. Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor for AF, present in 68.5% of patients from India and in 76.3% of patients globally (P < 0.001). Diabetes and coronary artery disease (CAD) were prevalent in 36.2% and 28.1% of patients as compared with global prevalence of 22.2% and 21.6%, respectively (P < 0.001 for both). Antiplatelet therapy was the most common antithrombotic treatment in India. With increasing stroke risk, however, patients were more likely to receive oral anticoagulant therapy [mainly vitamin K antagonist (VKA)], but average international normalized ratio (INR) was lower among Indian patients [median INR value 1.6 (interquartile range {IQR}: 1.3-2.3) versus 2.3 (IQR 1.8-2.8) (P < 0.001)]. Compared with other countries, patients from India had markedly higher rates of all-cause mortality [7.68 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval 6.32-9.35) vs 4.34 (4.16-4.53), P < 0.0001], while rates of stroke/systemic embolism and major bleeding were lower after 1 year of follow-up. CONCLUSION: Compared to previously published registries from India, the GARFIELD-AF registry describes clinical profiles and outcomes in Indian patients with AF of a different etiology. The registry data show that compared to the rest of the world, Indian AF patients are younger in age and have more diabetes and CAD. Patients with a higher stroke risk are more likely to receive anticoagulation therapy with VKA but are underdosed compared with the global average in the GARFIELD-AF. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION-URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01090362

Anos potenciais de vida perdidos segundo causas, em Fortaleza (Brasil), 1978-80 Loss of potential years of life, according to cause of death in Fortaleza (Brazil) 1978-1980

Estudo realizado para determinar e analisar os anos potenciais de vida perdidos (APVP) das principais causas de óbitos, segundo sexo e idade, em Fortaleza, em 1978-80. Os óbitos foram distribuídos segundo causa, sexo e idade. A técnica adotada para os APVP foi a sugerida por Romeder e McWhinnie, tendo sido definida a idade limite de vida potencial em 65 anos. Os resultados mostraram que o total de APVP foi 197.942,5, nos homens, e 137.545, nas mulheres, correspondendo a taxas de APVP de 119,82 por 1.000 homens e 73,06 por 1.000 mulheres, e que as violências, com 41,15 por 1.000 homens e 8,46 por 1.000 mulheres, foram as maiores responsáveis pelos APVP, nos dois sexos, arcando com 34,35% dos APVP no masculino e 11,57% no feminino. Em ordem de importância em APVP, as principais causas foram as violências, as doenças infecciosas intestinais, as outras doenças do aparelho respiratório, as doenças do aparelho digestivo e o câncer, nos homens, e as violências, as doenças do aparelho respiratório, o câncer, as doenças infecciosas intestinais e as doenças cerebrovasculares, nas mulheres. Foi ressaltada a importância da utilização da metodologia dos APVP para o planejamento em saúde, como instrumento de orientação à hierarquização de prioridades.<br>The aim of this study was to determine and analyse the potential years of life lost (PYLL) of the principal causes of death, by sex and age, in Fortaleza, in 1978-80. Death certificates of the period 1978-80, were classified according to cause, sex and age. The technique adopted for PYLL was the one suggested by Romeder and McWhinnie, the age limit of potential life being established at 65. The results showed that the total of PYLL was 197,942.5 for males, and 137,545 for females, corresponding to rates of PYLL of 119.82 per 1,000 men and 73.06 per 1,000 women, and that violent deaths, with 41.15 per 1,000 men and 8.46 per 1,000 women, were the main contributory factor in PYLL in both sexes accounting for 34.35% of male and 11.57% of female PYLL. By order of importance in PYLL the principal causes were violence, infectious intestinal diseases, diseases of the respiratory system, and cancer, in males, and violence, diseases of the respiratory system, cancer, infectious intestinal diseases and cerebrovascular diseases, in females. The importance of the use of PYLL methodology for Health Planning, as a tool of orientation in the choice of priorities was stressed

Equilibrium of Cu(II) and Ni(II) biosorption by marine alga Sargassum filipendula in a dynamic system: Competitiveness and selectivity

AbstractThe study focuses on the equilibrium of dynamic biosorption in single and binary systems containing Cu(II) and Ni(II) ions using Sargassum filipendula (a marine alga). The experiments were performed in fixed-bed columns with both single-component and bi-component metal solutions (using different molar concentrations). Experimental data were fitted with different equilibrium models such as Langmuir, Langmuir with inhibition, Jain and Snowyink and Langmuir–Freundlich equations. The biosorption of pure metal ions in solution presented adequate capacities both for Cu(II) and Ni(II). In binary solutions the preferential sorption of Cu(II) over Ni(II) was demonstrated by the displacement of Ni(II) (marked overshoot on the breakthrough curves)

Chromium Biosorption Using The Residue Of Alginate Extraction From Sargassum Filipendula

The Brazilian brown seaweed Sargassum filipendula was treated for alginate extraction and the residue was used for removing Cr(VI) and Cr(III) from aqueous solutions. The seaweed was characterized in terms of alginate and residue yields. Alginate and residue contents were 17% and 39%, respectively. Kinetic experiments were carried out and different models were applied in order to elucidate the rate-controlling mechanism: pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order and intra-particle diffusion. The biosorption of Cr(VI) in residue is followed by the reduction of hexavalent to trivalent chromium. The application of Langmuir model to equilibrium data showed a superior maximum biosorption capacity (qmax) for total chromium (0.819mmolg-1) in comparison to trivalent chromium (0.635mmolg-1). 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