EXPERIÊNCIA DE MEDIAÇÃO MUSEAL: INTERPRETAÇÃO PATRIMONIAL E PERCEPÇÃO DO MUSEU DA VILA POR EMPREENDEDORES DA COMUNIDADE DO COQUEIRO DA PRAIA-PI

RESUMOTrata-se do relato da experiência de uma mediação educacional e museal realizada na comunidade do Coqueiro da Praia em Luís Correia, litoral do Piauí, onde funciona o Museu da Vila, um dos núcleos do Ecomuseu Delta do Parnaíba. A mediação é extensão de uma das atividades da terceira edição da Feira do Patrimônio, a rota gastronômica, que teve como objetivo uma cooperação mútua de divulgação entre empreendedores locais e o Mestrado em Artes, Patrimônio e Museologia da UFPI, organizador do evento. Como consequência do sucesso da parceria e a importância da imersão da comunidade na valorização dos saberes e fazeres locais, foi realizada uma atividade de mediação externa com os proprietários de restaurantes na orla da Praia do Coqueiro, visto que lidam com públicos e são potenciais divulgadores do Patrimônio e de seus instrumentos culturais. A proposta, baseada na interpretação patrimonial, foi realizada como discussão dirigida com foco na memória e na percepção da comunidade acerca do Museu da Vila (MUV), da ressignificação daquele espaço físico – outrora funcionando como escola – e as programações culturais existentes. Baseada no tripé da Museologia Social, Pesquisar – Educar – Comunicar, a atividade serviu como diagnóstico e gerou produtos-respostas para o desenvolvimento das ações no Museu.ABSTRACTThis is the report of the experience of educational and museological mediation held at Coqueiro Beach Community in Luís Correia, Piauí coastline, where the “Museu da Vila” is run, one of the centers of the “Delta do Parnaíba” ecomuseum. Mediation is an extension of the activities of the third edition of the Heritage fair, the gastronomic route, which had the objective of mutual cooperation for the dissemination among local entrepreneurs and the university by itsMaster in Arts, Heritage and Museology (UFPI), organizer of the event. As a result of the success of the partnership and the importance of community immersion in recovery of local knowledge and practices, it was held an external mediation activity with the restaurant owners on the edge of the Praia do Coqueiro (Coqueiro beach), since they deal with public and are potential disseminators of heritage and cultural instruments. The proposal, based on heritage interpretation was performed as directed discussion focusing on memory and the perception of the community about the “Museu da Vila” (MUV),the perception of new meanings for that place – formerly working as school – and the existing cultural programs. Based on the tripod of Social museology, Research – Educate– Communicate, the activity worked as diagnosis and generated products-responses to the development of actions in the Museum

Analgesia em pacientes submetidos à craniotomia: novas evidências para o alívio da dor

A craniotomia se faz uma técnica terapêutica eficaz para doenças e lesões cerebrais, sendo a dor pós-operatória uma importante preocupação clínica nesse contexto, a qual atinge em torno de 86% dos pacientes submetidos à craniotomia. O presente estudo de revisão buscou avaliar novas evidências para o alívio da dor em pacientes submetidos à craniotomia, documentadas por meio de estudos clínicos e randomizados. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de revisão integrativa realizada por meio da base de dados PubMed, que levou em consideração os seguintes critérios de inclusão: ensaios clínicos e testes controlados e aleatórios; artigos publicados no último ano; que possuíam texto completo disponível e que abordassem acerca da analgesia em pacientes submetidos à craniotomia. Ficou constatado que a infiltração pós-operatória do couro cabeludo com bupivacaína pura reduz a intensidade da dor e a utilização de analgésicos opioides, sendo considerada uma técnica eficaz de controle da dor após uma craniotomia eletiva. Ademais, a combinação de ropivacaína com costicosteroides como o diprospan pode se tornar uma das estratégias utilizadas para controle da dor incisional em pacientes submetidos a craniotomia, conferindo à esta técnica a capacidade de promover alívio satisfatório da dor pós-operatória nesses pacientes. Por fim, foi verificado que, em comparação com a analgesia sistêmica, a analgesia regional pode auxiliar na redução da incidência e da gravidade da dor após uma craniotomia e a quantidade de analgesia de resgate usada em tais pacientes

Qualidade de vida de indivíduos com HIV: revisão integrativa / Quality of living of individuals with HIV integration review

 A qualidade de  vida de pacientes vivendo com HIV/AIDS é essencial, tendo em vista o caso específico dos adolescentes é ainda mais importante porque o jovem além de lidar com a resistência e a aceitação da doença, deve também enfrentar os conflitos da puberdade.O presente trabalho tem como objetivo realizar uma revisão integrativa em relação a qualidade de vida dos pacientes com HIV. Trata-se de um estudo de revisão integrativa realizado no período de 2016 a 2017, utilizando-se o banco de dados Medline e Lilacs. Apesar do impacto da infecção pelo HIV/AIDS na saúde psicológica e nas relações sociais dos indivíduos infectados, assim como no domínio físico, o uso da TARV provocou consequências positivas na saúde psicológica, proporcionando a desconstrução da ideia de morte advinda ao diagnóstico de portador do HIV/AIDS e a construção de melhores perspectivas de vida. A adesão ao tratamento em HIV/AIDS está relacionada a um aumento da sobrevida e de sua qualidade. Porém deve-se respeitar a posição pessoal do portador para fazer ou não o tratamento

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

ESTALEIRO ESCOLA DO MUSEU DA VILA

The proposal to create a School Yard of the Village Museum is part of the Project Matrix of the Postgraduate Program, Professional Master's Degree in Arts, Heritage and Museology (PPGAPM) of the Federal University of Parnaíba Delta (UFDPar). This project aims to create the Ecomuseum Parnaíba Delta, already started and with its first pole - the Village Museum. The territory that houses the project is the Environmental Protection Area of Delta do Parnaíba, which includes ten municipalities: Barroquinha and Chaval, in the State of Ceará; Araioses, Água Doce, Tutóia and Paulino Neves, in Maranhão; Cajueiro da Praia, Luís Correia, Parnaíba and Ilha Grande, in the State of Piauí. The Program's option for this museum nature and for the network concept, polynuclear, has a close relationship with the nature of the territory, a Conservation Unit, which shelters riverside, beach and delta communities, holders of a rich natural and cultural heritage in a state of socio-environmental vulnerability, considering the advances of globalization, which cause unprecedented climate changes, altering ways of being, living and putting at risk the existence of species. The Graduate Program team believes that this museum typology, ecomuseum, serves as a basis for integration among public, private and social sectors and agents in the service of building sustainable territories, of lifelong education and the promotion of intergenerational, intercultural dialogues. A museum typology that integrates people in discussions and decisions about education, heritage, culture, the environment, and sustainability in the territory they inhabit, a region that is daily weakened by the fragility or even inexistence of public policies for heritage, education, culture, and the environment.A proposta de criação de um Estaleiro Escola do Museu da Vila integra o Projeto Matriz do Programa de Pós-graduação, Mestrado Profissional, em Artes, Patrimônio e Museologia (PPGAPM) da Universidade Federal do Delta do Parnaíba (UFDPar). O referido projeto tem o objetivo de criação do Ecomuseu Delta do Parnaíba, já iniciado e com seu primeiro polo – o Museu da Vila. O território que abriga o projeto é a Área de Proteção Ambiental Delta do Parnaíba, da qual fazem parte dez municípios: Barroquinha e Chaval, no Estado do Ceará; Araioses, Água Doce, Tutóia e Paulino Neves, no Maranhão; Cajueiro da Praia, Luís Correia, Parnaíba e Ilha Grande, no Estado do Piauí. A opção do Programa por esta natureza de museu e pelo conceito de rede, polinuclear, tem uma íntima relação com a natureza do território, uma Unidade de Conservação, que abriga comunidades ribeirinhas, praieiras e deltaicas, detentoras de um rico patrimônio natural e cultural em estado de vulnerabilidade socioambiental, a considerar os avanços da globalização, que provocam mudanças climáticas sem precedentes, alterando formas de ser, viver e colocando em risco a existência das espécies. A equipe do Programa de Pós-graduação acredita que esta tipologia de museu, ecomuseu, serve como base de integração entre setores e agentes públicos, privados e sociais a serviço da construção de territórios sustentáveis, de uma educação ao longo da vida e promotora de diálogos intergeracionais, interculturais. Uma tipologia de museu que integra as pessoas nas discussões e decisões sobre educação, patrimônio, cultura, meio ambiental, sustentabilidade no território que habitam, uma região que se fragiliza cotidianamente com a fragilidade ou mesmo inexistência de políticas públicas para os patrimônios, educação, cultura e meio ambiente

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data