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In vivo and in vitro models of demyelinating diseases. V. Comparison of the assembly of mouse hepatitis virus, strain JHM, in two murine cell lines.
The developmental sequence of a neurotropic strain (JHM) of mouse hepatitis virus was examined by transmission electron microscopy and immunocytology. The nucleoprotein core of this coronavirus, which contains RNA of positive polarity and is helical in configuration, becomes incorporated into enveloped particles in the same manner as the nucleocapsids of the orthomyxo- and paramyxoviruses. However, JHM virus is assembled intracellularly by budding at surfaces of smooth membranous vacuoles. A comparison of JHM virus replication in L2 and 17Cl-1 cell lines revealed that L2 cells undergo more rapid cytopathology and cease virus production much sooner than 17Cl-l cells. In L2 cells the accumulation of core material appears to continue after the abrupt cessation of virus assembly. This is evident by the massive cytoplasmic accumulation of structure resembling nucleocapsids, which react with hybridoma antibody to the nucleocapsid antigen as demonstrated by the immunoperoxidase procedure. The current findings are consistent with our previously published demonstration, using cells of neural and other deviation, of the fundamental role of the host cell type in regulating the replication and expression of coronaviruses
Abstract Swiss cheese space and classicalisation of Swiss cheeses
Swiss cheese sets are compact subsets of the complex plane obtained by deleting a sequence of open disks from a closed disk. Such sets have provided numerous counterexamples in the theory of uniform algebras. In this paper, we introduce a topological space whose elements are what we call âabstract Swiss cheesesâ. Working within this topological space, we show how to prove the existence of âclassicalâ Swiss cheese sets (as discussed in [6]) with various desired properties. We first give a new proof of the FeinsteinâHeath classicalisation theorem [6]. We then consider when it is possible to âclassicaliseâ a Swiss cheese while leaving disks which lie outside a given region unchanged. We also consider sets obtained by deleting a sequence of open disks from a closed annulus, and we obtain an analogue of the FeinsteinâHeath theorem for these sets. We then discuss regularity for certain uniform algebras. We conclude with an application of these techniques to obtain a classical Swiss cheese set which has the same properties as a non-classical example of OâFarrell
Biogenesis of Poxviruses: Inactivation of Host DNA Polymerase by a Component of the Invading Inoculum Particle
Radio Timing and Optical Photometry of the Black Widow System PSR J1953+1846A in the Globular Cluster M71
We report on the determination of the astrometric, spin and orbital
parameters for PSR J1953+1846A, a "black widow" binary millisecond pulsar in
the globular cluster M71. By using the accurate position and orbital parameters
obtained from radio timing, we identified the optical companion in ACS/Hubble
Space Telescope images. It turns out to be a faint (m_F606W>=24, m_F814W>=23)
and variable star located at only ~0.06" from the pulsar timing position. The
light curve shows a maximum at the pulsar inferior conjunction and a minimum at
the pulsar superior conjunction, thus confirming the association with the
system. The shape of the optical modulation suggests that the companion star is
heated, likely by the pulsar wind. The comparison with the X-ray light curve
possibly suggests the presence of an intra-binary shock due to the interaction
between the pulsar wind and the material released by the companion. This is the
second identification (after COM-M5C) of an optical companion to a black widow
pulsar in a globular cluster. Interestingly, the two companions show a similar
light curve and share the same position in the color magnitude diagram.Comment: Accepted for publication by ApJ; 33 Pages, 10 Figures, 3 Table
Integration over the quantum diagonal subgroup and associated Fourier-like algebras
By analogy with the classical construction due to Forrest, Samei and Spronk
we associate to every compact quantum group a completely
contractive Banach algebra , which can be viewed as a
deformed Fourier algebra of . To motivate the construction we first
analyse in detail the quantum version of the integration over the diagonal
subgroup, showing that although the quantum diagonal subgroups in fact never
exist, as noted earlier by Kasprzak and So{\l}tan, the corresponding
integration represented by a certain idempotent state on makes
sense as long as is of Kac type. Finally we analyse as an explicit
example the algebras , , associated to Wang's free
orthogonal groups, and show that they are not operator weakly amenable.Comment: Minor updates; Remark 5.7 has been added; 31 page
An analysis of Australia's carbon pollution reduction scheme
The authors review the decision-making since the Labour Government came into office (November 2007). The Australian Governmentâs âCarbon Pollution Reduction Schemeâ White Paper (15 December 2008) proposes that an Australian Emissions Trading Scheme (AETS) be implemented in mid-2010. Acknowledging that the scheme is comprehensive, the paper finds that in many cases, Australia will take a softer approach to climate change through the AETS than the European Union ETS(EUETS). The paper assesses key issues in the White Paper such as emissions reduction targets, GHG coverage, sectoral coverage, inclusion of unlimited quantities of offsets from Kyoto international markets and exclusion of deforestation activities
Amenability of algebras of approximable operators
We give a necessary and sufficient condition for amenability of the Banach
algebra of approximable operators on a Banach space. We further investigate the
relationship between amenability of this algebra and factorization of
operators, strengthening known results and developing new techniques to
determine whether or not a given Banach space carries an amenable algebra of
approximable operators. Using these techniques, we are able to show, among
other things, the non-amenability of the algebra of approximable operators on
Tsirelson's space.Comment: 20 pages, to appear in Israel Journal of Mathematic
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