Bakhtin, Russia and World: Reception of Scientist’s Ideas and Works in 1996—2020 Research

The process of reception of M. M. Bakhtin’s scientific heritage over the past 25 years is analyzed in the review article. The focus of the authors is on identifying the stages and main directions, trends and achievements of modern Russian Bakhtin studies, determining the prospects for further research. The relevance of the review lies in the need for an objective reconstruction of the process of studying the ideas and heritage of M. M. Bakhtin in Russia and abroad, primarily over the past 25 years. It is noted that the works of M. M. Bakhtin are the most cited in scientific literary criticism and Bakhtin studies have become an independent branch of interdisciplinary research. The analysis revealed the role in the development of Russian Bakhtin studies of such a phenomenon as a collection of works by a scientist, Bakhtin studies journals and publications, publications of leading researchers. Conclusions are made that in 1996—2020 Russian Bakhtin studies have reached a fundamentally new level in the development of the scientist’s heritage, made a significant contribution to the study of his key ideas and concepts, completed a preliminary reconstruction of his scientific biography, carried out a systematic description of his terminological language and scientific theory as a whole, indicated the points of the necessary dialogue between Russian scientists and foreign colleagues

Effect of Thermal Exposure on Structure of the Ultrafine-GrainedZr-1Nb Alloy

Effect of annealing at temperature range of 573–823 K on stability of the ultrafine-grained structure of the Zr-1wt.%Nb alloy was studied by methods of transmission electron microscopy. Growth kinetics of grain–subgrain structure elements of alloy was investigated

Middle Eastern Everyday Life in S.S. Kondurushkin’s Magazine Essays at Beginning of Twentieth Century

The problem of the presentation of the Middle Eastern everyday life in the early prose of S.S. Kondurushkin (1874—1919), an active participant in the literary and social life of Russia at the turn of the XIX—XX centuries is examined in the article. On the basis of the essay cycle “From Wanderings in Syria” and other works of the early 1900s, an analysis of the methods of recreating the Middle Eastern everyday life is presented. The narrative strategies that underlie the Middle Eastern narrative of the Russian traveler are studied. This makes it possible to clarify the characteristics of the genre of the travel sketch in the general context of Russian literature at the turn of the century, which determines the scientific novelty and relevance of the article. The authors examine in detail the essays “Greeks in Palestine and Syria”, “Terra incognita”, “La Bayadere”, “Akulina in Tripoli”. The consistent change of the exposing discourse of political journal-ism to various forms of “ethnographic” narrative are substantiated in the article. The tasks set required the use of traditional methods of academic literary criticism, as well as techniques of cultural linguistics, imagology, imperial and colonial studies. A number of archival materials are introduced into scientific circulation, in particular, letters from N.K. Mikhailovsky addressed to S.S.Kondurushkin

Changes in Body Fat and Related Biochemical Parameters Associated With Atypical Antipsychotic Drug Treatment in Schizophrenia Patients With or Without Metabolic Syndrome

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a common problem in schizophrenia patients and associated with increased mortality due to cardiovascular disease. Second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) play an important role in facilitating MetS. Objective: The study aimed to assess weight changes and alterations of indicators of body fat composition and lipid-glucose metabolism induced by reinitiating atypical antipsychotics in patients with schizophrenia when with or without MetS. Methods: After giving informed consent, newly admitted patients with a clinical diagnosis of schizophrenia (ICD-10: F20) and an age between 18 and 55 years were included. MetS was diagnosed according to International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria. At entry and after 6 weeks of treatment, anthropometry and biochemical analysis were carried out. Total and visceral fats were measured with the use of non-invasive bioimpedance analysis and subcutaneous fat with calculation of total adipose tissue with the use of caliperometry. Based on biochemical assessments low density (LDL) and very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), atherogenic index and Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (IR-HOMA) were calculated. Statistical analysis was conducted using Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Mann-Whitney U-test, and chi-squared test. Differences were considered statistically significant at p < 0.05. Results: A total of 114 patients (59M/55F) with schizophrenia were examined; they were divided into two groups with (n = 43; 37.7%) and without (n = 71; 62.3%) MetS. After a 6-week SGA treatment, only the total fat fold, waist circumference, triglyceride level, and atherogenic index underwent statistically significant changes in patients with MetS. In those without MetS, statistically significant changes across all fat indicators were noted. Also, a significant increase in blood glucose and HOMA-IR parameters, triglyceride, and VLDL levels and atherogenic index was observed in this group. Discussion: The study illustrates the benefits of estimating both anthropometric and biochemical parameters shortly after (re)installing treatment of schizophrenia in order to minimize the risk of MetS development

Accounting of motivators and demotivators under introduction of the brc system

Рассматривается необходимость учета демотиваторов при работе с балльно-рейтинговой системой оцениванияThe article considers the need to take into account demotivators when working with the BRS syste

Psycho-emotional state during pregnancy and one year after childbirth in mothers of children with functional gastrointestinal disorders

Aim. To determine the relationship between the incidence of functional gastrointestinal disorders in children up to 1 year of age and the psycho-emotional state of their mothers during pregnancy and after childbirth. Materials and methods. A survey of 1203 mothers of children under 4 years of age was conducted using a questionnaire of functional gastrointestinal disorders according to the Rome IV criteria (2016). The questionnaire contained domains on general issues (the age of the mother at the time of the child's birth, the data of obstetric and gynecological anamnesis, the type of child's nutrition at the time of the survey), psycho-emotional state (retrospectively, the psychological component of the gestational dominant – PСGD – during pregnancy, Beck's anxiety and Beck's depression questionnaires) and questions on functional disorders in infants and young children. Results. Questionnaires of 487 mothers of children of the 1st year of life were analyzed. Only in 34.4% of cases, mothers' responses lacked anxious and depressive PCGD. In mothers with anxious PСGD, the risk of regurgitation in their children was statistically significantly 2-fold higher compared to mothers with depressive PСGD. In mothers with optimal PСGD, the rate of colic in their children was statistically significantly 2-fold lower compared to mothers with anxious and depressive PСGD. After childbirth, anxiety was noted in 17% mothers and signs of depression in 59% mothers. Significant and severe depression was diagnosed in 10% mothers; the children of these mothers had persistent regurgitation.. In the absence of depression in mothers, the probability of no regurgitation and colic in their children was statistically significantly 2-fold higher compared to the children of mothers with depression. Conclusion. The incidence of functional gastrointestinal disorders in a child up to 1 year of age is associated with maternal anxiety during pregnancy and maternal depression after childbirth

Management of intra-abdominal infections : recommendations by the WSES 2016 consensus conference

This paper reports on the consensus conference on the management of intra-abdominal infections (IAIs) which was held on July 23, 2016, in Dublin, Ireland, as a part of the annual World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES) meeting. This document covers all aspects of the management of IAIs. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation recommendation is used, and this document represents the executive summary of the consensus conference findings.Peer reviewe