Assessment of risky behavior and knowledge in order to prevent sexually transmitted infections of the student population

Uvod: Polno prenosive infekcije (PPI) predstavljaju jedan od najznačajnijih javnozdravstvenih problema u populaciji mladih. Mladi starosti 15-24 godina čine 25% seksualno aktivne populacije, a preko 60% svih novih-stečeno obolelih od PPI u svetu registruje se u ovoj uzrastnoj grupaciji. Studentska populacija je u značajnom riziku od oboljevanja od PPI. Cilj istraživanja je procena znanja i rizičnog ponašanja u vezi sa PPI, kod studenata medicinske i nemedicinske struke. Materijal i metod: Za istraživanje je korišćena studija preseka. Studijsku populaciju je činilo 1273 studenata visokih škola medicinske i nemedicinske struke Univerziteta u Beogradu. Metoda odabira uzorka je stratifikovan slučajni uzorak. Kao instrument istraživanja korišćen je anonimni, standardizovani upitnik iz Evropskog istraživanja zdravlja drugi talas (EHIS wave 2). Rezultati: Studija bliže objašnjava faktore rizika koji dovode do nastanaka PPI kod studenata. Faktori rizika za nastanak PPI su učestaliji kod studenata nemedicinske struke u odnosu na studente medicinske struke. Studenti medicinske struke imaju viši nivo znanja o PPI, kao i načinima njihove prevencije od svojih kolega nemedicinske struke. Zdravstveno-vaspitni rad među odabranim studentima unutar studije značajno utiče na znanje, stavove i ponašanje studenata u vezi sa PPI. Značaj studije: Ovakvo istraživanje bi moglo da bude polazna osnova u kreiranju preventivnih programa što bi rezultiralo sugestijama za dopune odgovarajućih nacionalnih, strateških akata u ovoj oblasti. Ključne reči: Polno prenosive infekcije, studenti, rizično ponašanje, edukacijaIntroduction: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) represent one of the most significant public problems in youth population. Young people aged 15-24 make up 25% of sexually active population, and over 60% of all newly acquired STIs worldwide are registered exactly in this age group. The student population is at significant risk of developing STIs. Aim of study is to assess knowledge and risk behaviour about STIs, of medical and non-medical students population. Material and method: A cross-sectional study was used for this research. The study population consisted of 1273 students of medical and non-medical colleges of the University of Belgrade. The sampling method is a stratified random sample. An anonymous, standardized questionnaire from the European Health Survey (EHIS wave 2) was used as a research instrument. Results: The study explains in detail the risk factors that lead to the development of STIs in students. Risk factors for STIs are more common in non-medical students than in medical students. Medical students have a higher level of knowledge about STIs, as well as ways of their prevention than their non-medical colleagues. Educational work among selected students within the study significantly affects the knowledge, attitudes and behavior of students in relation to STIs. Conclusion: Such research could be a starting point in creating prevention programs, which would result in suggestions for amendments to appropriate national, strategic acts in this area. Key words: Sexually transmitted infections, students, risky behavior, educatio

New method for determination of temperature in spallation reactions

We propose a new method for determination of temperature in spallation events. It is shown that temperature can be determined by applying the friction model of energy dissipation in participant-spectator model of a spallation process. First order estimate of temperature dependence of the participant zone on reaction Q-value is obtained from the Fermi gas model considerations. The heat diffusion process is also discussed

Production of neutron-rich nuclei in fragmentation reactions of 132Sn projectiles at relativistic energies

The fragmentation of neutron-rich 132Sn nuclei produced in the fission of 238U projectiles at 950 MeV/u has been investigated at the FRagment Separator (FRS) at GSI. This work represents the first investigation of fragmentation of medium-mass radioactive projectiles with a large neutron excess. The measured production cross sections of the residual nuclei are relevant for the possible use of a two-stage reaction scheme (fission+fragmentation) for the production of extremely neutron-rich medium-mass nuclei in future rare-ion-beam facilities. Moreover, the new data will provide a better understanding of the "memory" effect in fragmentation reactions.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure

Solar neutrino detection sensitivity in DARWIN via electron scattering

We detail the sensitivity of the proposed liquid xenon DARWIN observatory to solar neutrinos via elastic electron scattering. We find that DARWIN will have the potential to measure the fluxes of five solar neutrino components: pp, $$^7$$ 7 Be, $$^{13}$$ 13 N, $$^{15}$$ 15 O and pep. The precision of the $$^{13}$$ 13 N, $$^{15}$$ 15 O and pep components is hindered by the double-beta decay of $$^{136}$$ 136 Xe and, thus, would benefit from a depleted target. A high-statistics observation of pp neutrinos would allow us to infer the values of the electroweak mixing angle, $$\sin ^2\theta _w$$ sin 2 θ w , and the electron-type neutrino survival probability, $$P_{ee}$$ P ee , in the electron recoil energy region from a few keV up to 200 keV for the first time, with relative precision of 5% and 4%, respectively, with 10 live years of data and a 30 tonne fiducial volume. An observation of pp and $$^7$$ 7 Be neutrinos would constrain the neutrino-inferred solar luminosity down to 0.2%. A combination of all flux measurements would distinguish between the high- (GS98) and low-metallicity (AGS09) solar models with 2.1–2.5 $$\sigma$$ σ significance, independent of external measurements from other experiments or a measurement of $$^8$$ 8 B neutrinos through coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering in DARWIN. Finally, we demonstrate that with a depleted target DARWIN may be sensitive to the neutrino capture process of $$^{131}$$ 131 Xe.DARWIN Collaboration (ukupan broj autora: 166

Systematic reduction of the proton-removal cross section in neutron-rich medium-mass nuclei

Single-neutron and single-proton removal cross sections have been measured for medium-mass neutron-rich nuclei around Z=50 and energies around 1000A MeV using the FRagment Separator (FRS) at GSI. The measured cross sections confirm the relative low values of the proton-removal cross sections, observed since a long time ago and not yet understood. Model calculations considering the knock-out process together with initial- and final-state interactions describe the measured neutron-removal cross sections. Proton-removal cross sections are, however, significantly over-predicted by the same calculations. The observed difference can be explained to a large extent by the knock-out of short-range correlated nucleons from dominant neutron-proton pairs in neutron-rich nuclei. © 2020 The Author(s)Peer reviewe

Systematic Investigation of Nucleon Knockout around 132Sn

Peer reviewe

Radiometric Analysis of Silver Iodide Sols

With the ultimate goal to investigate (a) the formation of the solid phase by precipitation from electrolytic solutions, and (b) processes characteristic of the interaction between the solid phase and the electrolytic solution, the well-known radiometric methods of analyses have been applied, as well as new radiometric methods for the analysis of colloidal system developed. The methods applied are extremely sensitive, selective, and accurate. The new methods have been checked up by comparison of the obtained results with the standard classical methods, such as X-ray diffraction, turbidimetry, conductometry, differential thermic analysis, and also by published data

A Next-Generation Liquid Xenon Observatory for Dark Matter and Neutrino Physics

The nature of dark matter and properties of neutrinos are among the mostpressing issues in contemporary particle physics. The dual-phase xenontime-projection chamber is the leading technology to cover the availableparameter space for Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs), whilefeaturing extensive sensitivity to many alternative dark matter candidates.These detectors can also study neutrinos through neutrinoless double-beta decayand through a variety of astrophysical sources. A next-generation xenon-baseddetector will therefore be a true multi-purpose observatory to significantlyadvance particle physics, nuclear physics, astrophysics, solar physics, andcosmology. This review article presents the science cases for such a detector.<br

Assessment of risky behavior and knowledge in order to prevent sexually transmitted infections of the student population

Uvod: Polno prenosive infekcije (PPI) predstavljaju jedan od najznačajnijih javnozdravstvenih problema u populaciji mladih. Mladi starosti 15-24 godina čine 25% seksualno aktivne populacije, a preko 60% svih novih-stečeno obolelih od PPI u svetu registruje se u ovoj uzrastnoj grupaciji. Studentska populacija je u značajnom riziku od oboljevanja od PPI. Cilj istraživanja je procena znanja i rizičnog ponašanja u vezi sa PPI, kod studenata medicinske i nemedicinske struke. Materijal i metod: Za istraživanje je korišćena studija preseka. Studijsku populaciju je činilo 1273 studenata visokih škola medicinske i nemedicinske struke Univerziteta u Beogradu. Metoda odabira uzorka je stratifikovan slučajni uzorak. Kao instrument istraživanja korišćen je anonimni, standardizovani upitnik iz Evropskog istraživanja zdravlja drugi talas (EHIS wave 2). Rezultati: Studija bliže objašnjava faktore rizika koji dovode do nastanaka PPI kod studenata. Faktori rizika za nastanak PPI su učestaliji kod studenata nemedicinske struke u odnosu na studente medicinske struke. Studenti medicinske struke imaju viši nivo znanja o PPI, kao i načinima njihove prevencije od svojih kolega nemedicinske struke. Zdravstveno-vaspitni rad među odabranim studentima unutar studije značajno utiče na znanje, stavove i ponašanje studenata u vezi sa PPI. Značaj studije: Ovakvo istraživanje bi moglo da bude polazna osnova u kreiranju preventivnih programa što bi rezultiralo sugestijama za dopune odgovarajućih nacionalnih, strateških akata u ovoj oblasti. Ključne reči: Polno prenosive infekcije, studenti, rizično ponašanje, edukacijaIntroduction: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) represent one of the most significant public problems in youth population. Young people aged 15-24 make up 25% of sexually active population, and over 60% of all newly acquired STIs worldwide are registered exactly in this age group. The student population is at significant risk of developing STIs. Aim of study is to assess knowledge and risk behaviour about STIs, of medical and non-medical students population. Material and method: A cross-sectional study was used for this research. The study population consisted of 1273 students of medical and non-medical colleges of the University of Belgrade. The sampling method is a stratified random sample. An anonymous, standardized questionnaire from the European Health Survey (EHIS wave 2) was used as a research instrument. Results: The study explains in detail the risk factors that lead to the development of STIs in students. Risk factors for STIs are more common in non-medical students than in medical students. Medical students have a higher level of knowledge about STIs, as well as ways of their prevention than their non-medical colleagues. Educational work among selected students within the study significantly affects the knowledge, attitudes and behavior of students in relation to STIs. Conclusion: Such research could be a starting point in creating prevention programs, which would result in suggestions for amendments to appropriate national, strategic acts in this area. Key words: Sexually transmitted infections, students, risky behavior, educatio

Numerical solutions of differential equations of a cylindrical ionization chamber

The differential equations of the cylindrical ionization chamber filled with air have been solved numerically for different ratios of the outer and inner electrode for both polarities of the voltage supply. The obtained distributions of the electric field strength inside the chamber confirm the analysis of Thomson and Thomson and the calculations made by Mie. The calculated collection efficiencies are in good agreement with the results of the calculation of Sprinkle and Tate, and with the experimental data of Moriuchi et al