1,518 research outputs found
Production cross-sections and momentum distributions of fragments from neutron-deficient 36Ar at 1.05 A.GeV
We have measured production cross sections and longitudinal momentum
distributions of fragments from neutron-deficient 36Ar at 1.05 A.GeV. The
production cross-sections show excellent agreement with the predictions of the
semiempirical formula EPAX. We have compared these results, involving extremly
neutron deficient nuclei, with model calculations to extract informa tion about
the response of these models close to the driplines. The longitudinal momentum
distributions have also been extracted and are compared with the Goldhaber and
Morrissey systematics.Comment: 16 pages, 6 figure
Investigation of the Impact of Magnetic Fields on Scattering Muography Images
Muography is a non-invasive imaging technique that exploits cosmic-ray muons
to probe various targets by analyzing the absorption or scattering of muons.
The method is particularly useful for applications ranging from geophysical
exploration to security screening, including the identification of nuclear
materials. This study leverages both Monte Carlo simulations and the Point of
Closest Approach (PoCA) algorithm for image reconstruction to specifically
explore the distortions caused by magnetic fields in scattering muography
images. In the PoCA algorithm, it is assumed that all scattering of a muon
during its travel in material occurs at a single point, known as the PoCA
point. Each PoCA point is characterized by a scattering angle, whose
distribution provides insights into the density and elemental composition of
the target material. However, magnetic fields can influence muon trajectories
according to Lorentz law, affecting the estimated positions of the PoCA points
and the calculated scattering angles. This introduces challenges in
applications such as border security control systems. Moreover, the presence of
magnetic fields can lead to what we term "magnetic jamming", where the
resulting muography image is distorted or misleading. This effect further
complicates the accurate identification and interpretation of target materials.
Our findings underline the necessity to account for magnetic field distortions
when utilizing scattering muography in practical scenarios
Towards portable muography with small-area, gas-tight glass Resistive Plate Chambers
Imaging techniques that use atmospheric muons, collectively named under the
neologism "muography", have seen a tremendous growth in recent times, mainly
due to their diverse range of applications. The most well-known ones include
but are not limited to: volcanology, archaeology, civil engineering, nuclear
reactor monitoring, nuclear waste characterization, underground mapping, etc.
These methods are based on the attenuation or deviation of muons to image large
and/or dense objects where conventional techniques cannot work or their use
becomes challenging.
In this context, we have constructed a muography telescope based on "mini
glass-RPC planes" following a design similar to the glass-RPC detectors
developed by the CALICE Collaboration and used by the TOMUVOL experiment in the
context of volcano radiography, but with smaller active area (16 16
cm). The compact size makes it an attractive choice with respect to other
detectors previously employed for imaging on similar scales. An important
innovation in this design is that the detectors are sealed. This makes the
detector more portable and solves the usual safety and logistic issues for gas
detectors operated underground and/or inside small rooms. This paper provides
an overview on our guiding principles, the detector development and our
operational experiences. Drawing on the lessons learnt from the first
prototype, we also discuss our future direction for an improved second
prototype, focusing primarily on a recently adopted serigraphy technique for
the resistive coating of the glass plates.Comment: 8 pages, 7 figures, XV Workshop on Resistive Plate Chambers and
Related Detectors (RPC2020
Proton vs. neutron halo breakup
In this paper we show how effective parameters such as effective binding
energies can be defined for a proton in the combined nuclear-Coulomb potential,
including also the target potential, in the case in which the proton is bound
in a nucleus which is partner of a nuclear reaction. Using such effective
parameters the proton behaves similarly to a neutron. In this way some
unexpected results obtained from dynamical calculations for reactions initiated
by very weakly bound proton halo nuclei can be interpreted. Namely the fact
that stripping dominates the nuclear breakup cross section which in turn
dominates over the Coulomb breakup even when the target is heavy at medium to
high incident energies. Our interpretation helps also clarifying why the
existence and characteristics of a proton halo extracted from different types
of data have sometimes appeared contradictory.Comment: 7 Latex pages, 3 table, 3 ps figures, to appear in Phys. Rev.
Improved stability of a compact vacuum-free laser-plasma X-ray source
We report the development of a stable high-average power X-ray source generated by the interaction of ultrashort laser pulses (35 fs, 1 mJ, 1 kHz) with a solid target in air. The achieved source stability, which is essential for the applications foreseen for these laser-driven plasma accelerators, is due to the combination of precise positioning of the target on focus and the development of a fast rotating target system able to ensure the refreshment of the material at every shot while minimizing positioning errors with respect to the focal spot. This vacuum-free laser-plasma X-ray source provides an average dose rate of 1.5 Sv/h at 30 cm and a repeatability better than 93% during more than 36 min of continuous operation per targetThis work was supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades under RTI2018-101578-B-C21 and FPI predoctoral BES-2017-08917 grants, Unidad de Excelencia Maria de Maeztu under project MdM-2016-0692-17-2 and the Xunta de Galicia research grant GRC ED431C 2017/54. C.R. acknowledges the MINECO project FIS2016-75652-PS
Analytical approach to electromagnetic processes in loosely bound nuclei: application to 8B
In this paper we develop an analytical model in order to study
electromagnetic processes involving loosely bound neutron--rich and
proton--rich nuclei. We construct a model wave function, to describe loosely
bound few--body systems, having the correct behaviour both at large and small
distances. The continuum states are approximated by regular Coulomb functions.
As a test case we consider the two--body Coulomb dissociation of 8B and, the
inverse, radiative capture reaction. The difference between using a pure
two--body model and the results obtained when incorporating many--body effects,
is investigated. We conclude that the interpretation of experimental data is
highly model dependent and stress the importance of measuring few--body
channels.Comment: Accepted for publication in Physics Letters B. Added a comparison
with a potential model calculation in Fig.
Pinus halepensis afforestations and ecosystem restoration under semiarid conditions
En la segunda mitad del siglo XX se llevaron a cabo extensas repoblaciones en el SE de la Península Ibérica utilizando casi exclusivamente el pino carrasco (Pinus halepensis). El objetivo de las mismas era recuperar una cierta cubierta arbórea, desaparecida como consecuencia de diferentes usos y perturbaciones. Pese a su magnitud y a la sensibilidad de estas zonas a la desertificación, hasta la fecha no disponemos de una revisión exhaustiva de las consecuencias de estas repoblaciones y una evaluación objetiva del éxito conseguido en la restauración de estos ecosistemas. Esta revisión sería muy útil para poder desarrollar una gestión adaptativa de estos ecosistemas, y con ello optimizar los recursos asignados a su restauración. En este trabajo hemos recopilado información propia y bibliográfica sobre estas cuestiones, tratando de extraer conclusiones y de identificar cuestiones aún no solucionadas.Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis) has been extensively used for the afforestation in SE Spain during the second half of the XXth century. The main objectives of these plantations were to increase plant protective cover and to regulate hydrological cycles. Despite the magnitude of these interventions and the sensitivity of this area to desertification, the ecological consequences of these plantations and the degree of success in restoring ecosystem integrity has not been fully evaluated. An integrated study could be very helpful to develop an adaptive management of these areas, and to optimise resources allocation. Here we review available information on the effect of P. halepensis afforestations under semiarid conditions, and identify the main lacks of knowledge.Esta revisión ha sido posible gracias a la financiación recibida a través del proyecto FANCB (Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología y FEDER; REN2001-0424-C02-02 / GLO)
Charge density distributions and related form factors in neutron-rich light exotic nuclei
Charge form factors corresponding to proton density distributions in exotic
nuclei, such as He, Li, B and Be are calculated
and compared. The results can be used as tests of various theoretical models
for the exotic nuclei structure in possible future experiments using a
colliding electron-exotic nucleus storage ring. The result of such a comparison
would show the effect of the neutron halo or skin on the proton distributions
in exotic nuclei.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures, to be published in International Journal of
Modern Physics
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