Photodetachment of cold OH- in a multipole ion trap

The absolute photodetachment cross section of OH- anions at a rotational and translational temperature of 170K is determined by measuring the detachment-induced decay rate of the anions in a multipole radio-frequency ion trap. In comparison with previous results, the obtained cross section shows the importance of the initial rotational state distribution. Using a tomography scan of the photodetachment laser through the trapped ion cloud, the derived cross section is model-independent and thus features a small systematic uncertainty. The tomography also yields the column density of the OH- anions in the 22-pole ion trap in good agreement with the expected trapping potential of a large field free region bound by steep potential walls.Comment: Phys. Rev. Lett., in pres

How can a 22-pole ion trap exhibit 10 local minima in the effective potential?

The column density distribution of trapped OH$^-$ ions in a 22-pole ion trap is measured for different trap parameters. The density is obtained from position-dependent photodetachment rate measurements. Overall, agreement is found with the effective potential of an ideal 22-pole. However, in addition we observe 10 distinct minima in the trapping potential, which indicate a breaking of the 22-fold symmetry. Numerical simulations show that a displacement of a subset of the radiofrequency electrodes can serve as an explanation for this symmetry breaking

Radiofrequency multipole traps: Tools for spectroscopy and dynamics of cold molecular ions

Multipole radiofrequency ion traps are a highly versatile tool to study molecular ions and their interactions in a well-controllable environment. In particular the cryogenic 22-pole ion trap configuration is used to study ion-molecule reactions and complex molecular spectroscopy at temperatures between few Kelvin and room temperatures. This article presents a tutorial on radiofrequency ion trapping in multipole electrode configurations. Stable trapping conditions and buffer gas cooling, as well as important heating mechanisms, are discussed. In addition, selected experimental studies on cation and anion-molecule reactions and on spectroscopy of trapped ions are reviewed. Starting from these studies an outlook on the future of multipole ion trap research is given

Electronic structure of the Magnesium hydride molecular ion

In this paper, using a standard quantum chemistry approach based on pseudopotentials for atomic core representation, Gaussian basis sets, and effective core polarization potentials, we investigate the electronic properties of the MgH$^+$ ion. We first determine potential energy curves for several states using different basis sets and discuss their predicted accuracy by comparing our values of the well depths and position with other available results. We then calculate permanent and transition dipole moments for several transitions. Finally for the first time, we calculate the static dipole polarizability of MgH$^+$ as function of the interatomic distance. This study represents the first step towards the modeling of collisions between trapped cold Mg$^+$ ions and H$_2$ molecules.Comment: submitted to J. Phys. B, special issue on Cold trapped ion

Non-Destructive Identification of Cold and Extremely Localized Single Molecular Ions

A simple and non-destructive method for identification of a single molecular ion sympathetically cooled by a single laser cooled atomic ion in a linear Paul trap is demonstrated. The technique is based on a precise determination of the molecular ion mass through a measurement of the eigenfrequency of a common motional mode of the two ions. The demonstrated mass resolution is sufficiently high that a particular molecular ion species can be distinguished from other equally charged atomic or molecular ions having the same total number of nucleons

Falsification Of The Atmospheric CO2 Greenhouse Effects Within The Frame Of Physics

The atmospheric greenhouse effect, an idea that many authors trace back to the traditional works of Fourier (1824), Tyndall (1861), and Arrhenius (1896), and which is still supported in global climatology, essentially describes a fictitious mechanism, in which a planetary atmosphere acts as a heat pump driven by an environment that is radiatively interacting with but radiatively equilibrated to the atmospheric system. According to the second law of thermodynamics such a planetary machine can never exist. Nevertheless, in almost all texts of global climatology and in a widespread secondary literature it is taken for granted that such mechanism is real and stands on a firm scientific foundation. In this paper the popular conjecture is analyzed and the underlying physical principles are clarified. By showing that (a) there are no common physical laws between the warming phenomenon in glass houses and the fictitious atmospheric greenhouse effects, (b) there are no calculations to determine an average surface temperature of a planet, (c) the frequently mentioned difference of 33 degrees Celsius is a meaningless number calculated wrongly, (d) the formulas of cavity radiation are used inappropriately, (e) the assumption of a radiative balance is unphysical, (f) thermal conductivity and friction must not be set to zero, the atmospheric greenhouse conjecture is falsified.Comment: 115 pages, 32 figures, 13 tables (some typos corrected

Blackbody-radiation-assisted molecular laser cooling

The translational motion of molecular ions can be effectively cooled sympathetically to temperatures below 100 mK in ion traps through Coulomb interactions with laser-cooled atomic ions. The distribution of internal rovibrational states, however, gets in thermal equilibrium with the typically much higher temperature of the environment within tens of seconds. We consider a concept for rotational cooling of such internally hot, but translationally cold heteronuclear diatomic molecular ions. The scheme relies on a combination of optical pumping from a few specific rotational levels into a ``dark state'' with redistribution of rotational populations mediated by blackbody radiation.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure

Illusory Decoherence

If a quantum experiment includes random processes, then the results of repeated measurements can appear consistent with irreversible decoherence even if the system's evolution prior to measurement was reversible and unitary. Two thought experiments are constructed as examples.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figure