Age of the Raygorodok Au-bearing Gabbro—Monzodiorite Massif (Northern Kazakhstan)

International audienceAccessory zircon from the polyphase Raygorodok stock (Northern Kazakhstan) has been dated by local U–Pb analysis (SIMS and LA-ICP-MS). This Au-bearing intrusion has been dated to 442–447 Ma, suggesting its emplacement at the very end of the Ordovician and Early Silurian, allowing the stock’s correlation with the Stepnyak Complex of small intrusions. Thus, control of small intrusions of the Stepnyak type over gold mineralization has been corroborated permitting their use as a regional prospecting characteristic

Pseudorabies virus US3 protein kinase protects infected cells from NK cell-mediated lysis via increased binding of the inhibitory NK cell receptor CD300a

Several reports have indicated that natural killer (NK) cells are of particular importance in the innate response against herpesvirus infections. As a consequence, herpesviruses have developed diverse mechanisms for evading NK cells, although few such mechanisms have been identified for the largest herpesvirus subfamily, the alphaherpesviruses. The antiviral activity of NK cells is regulated by a complex array of interactions between activating/inhibitory receptors on the NK cell surface and the corresponding ligands on the surfaces of virus-infected cells. Here we report that the US3 protein kinase of the alphaherpesvirus pseudorabies virus (PRV) displays previously uncharacterized immune evasion properties: it triggers the binding of the inhibitory NK cell receptor CD300a to the surface of the infected cell, thereby providing increased CD300a-mediated protection of infected cells against NK cell-mediated lysis. US3-mediated CD300a binding was found to depend on aminophospholipid ligands of CD300a and on group I p21-activated kinases. These data identify a novel alphaherpesvirus strategy for evading NK cells and demonstrate, for the first time, a role for CD300a in regulating NK cell activity upon contact with virus-infected target cells

Pseudorabies virus US3 protein kinase protects infected cells from NK cell-mediated lysis via increased binding of the inhibitory NK cell receptor CD300a

Several reports have indicated that natural killer (NK) cells are of particular importance in the innate response against herpesvirus infections. As a consequence, herpesviruses have developed diverse mechanisms for evading NK cells, although few such mechanisms have been identified for the largest herpesvirus subfamily, the alphaherpesviruses. The antiviral activity of NK cells is regulated by a complex array of interactions between activating/inhibitory receptors on the NK cell surface and the corresponding ligands on the surfaces of virus-infected cells. Here we report that the US3 protein kinase of the alphaherpesvirus pseudorabies virus (PRV) displays previously uncharacterized immune evasion properties: it triggers the binding of the inhibitory NK cell receptor CD300a to the surface of the infected cell, thereby providing increased CD300a-mediated protection of infected cells against NK cell-mediated lysis. US3-mediated CD300a binding was found to depend on aminophospholipid ligands of CD300a and on group I p21-activated kinases. These data identify a novel alphaherpesvirus strategy for evading NK cells and demonstrate, for the first time, a role for CD300a in regulating NK cell activity upon contact with virus-infected target cells

The low-temperature thermo-tectonic evolution of the western Tian Shan, Uzbekistan

The Kyzylkum-Nurata region represents a key area in understanding the tectonic evolution of the western Tian Shan. In this study, we present new thermochronological data (apatite fission track and apatite (U-Th-Sm)/He) and associated thermal history models for 45 igneous samples from the Kyzylkum-Nurata Segment of South Tian Shan on the territory of Uzbekistan and Tajikistan. Our data show that the Kyzylkum-Nurata Segment experienced a multi-phase Mesozoic thermal history that differs from previously studied segments of the Tian Shan. A Triassic (~220–200 Ma) cooling signal is widespread throughout the Tian Shan and is interpreted as being associated with exhumation following the closure of the Palaeo-Asian Ocean. Following this period of fast cooling, the Kyzylkum-Nurata Segment experienced a period of slow cooling and erosion in the Early Jurassic (~190–160 Ma). However, in contrast to other parts of the Tian Shan, our study area preserves evidence for rapid cooling during the Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous (~160–120). Given that this rapid cooling signal was only recorded for samples in association with major structures (e.g., relic suture-shear zones), we interpret this event as a period of fault reactivation related with tectonic processes at the Eurasian margin of the Tethys Ocean. Subsequently, the Late Cretaceous–early Palaeogene (~100–50 Ma) is characterised by slow cooling and erosion. Since the late Palaeogene, the basement of the Tian Shan experienced cooling related to the India-Eurasia collision. The thermal signal of this collision has been extensively recorded in the high-altitude Kyrgyz Tian Shan. Within the low-relief Kyzylkum-Nurata Segment, this Cenozoic overprint is not recorded, allowing for a detailed assessment of the Mesozoic thermal and landscape evolution of the western Tian Shan. Our study demonstrates that the Cretaceous Uzbek Tian Shan was characterised by a series of parallel, linear mountain belts that formed along suture zones during fault reactivation