Corredor

El libro recoge un estudio sobre la vivienda que tiene como acceso un corredor o galería. Se han redibujado 17 edificios importantes de la arquitectura española, empezando por uno de los iconos de la arquitectura moderna en España: la Casa Bloc en Barcelona (1931-1936) y terminando con el edificio de 32 viviendas en San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante (2013). Se han redibujado las plantas generales, los alzados, algunas secciones y las plantas tipo a escala 1:150 y se han dibujado unas vistas axonométricas seccionadas de cada uno de los edificios. Al final, como resumen, se recoge la planta tipo más representativa de cada vivienda y una sección esquemática de todos los edificio

EM Modelling of Monostatic RCS for Different Complex Targets in the Near-Field Range: Experimental Evaluation for Traffic Applications

An evaluation of monostatic radar cross section (RCS) response in the near-field range was performed for several targets with different and complex topologies. The main objective was to provide and validate an efficient tool based on electromagnetic (EM) simulations to characterize a traffic scenario. Thus, a novel method based on the combination of geometrical theory of diffraction (GTD) and physical optics (PO) was used to estimate RCS, and the results were compared with the method of moments (MoM) methodology. The simulations were xperimentally validated using a commercial vehicular frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar at 24 GHz. With this simple measurement system, RCS measurements can be made using an easier and cheaper process to obtain RCS response in the near-field range, which is the most usual situation for traffic applications. A reasonable agreement between the measurements and the EM simulations was observed, validating the proposed methodology in order to efficiently characterize the RCS of targets typically found in real traffic scenarios.Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, European Union and Junta de Comunidades de Castilla La Manch

Searching for gene clusters related to virulence by coding sequence conservation

Motivation: Due to the increasing world population, the need to improve food production is growing. This can be helped byfighting the pathogens which affect the main crops as maize, wheat, barley and sugar cane. Among those, biotrophic parasitessuch as smut fungi can be found. To study how those microorganisms infect their host, the model system Ustilago maydis canbe used.U. maydis secretes protein effectors to infect its host, and at least 25% of them are known to be grouped in 13 different geneclusters. In addition to these characterized clusters, 7 new clusters have been described in the bibliography but notexperimentally tested. The aim of this work is to find out new clusters with features similar to the known ones (controls), mainlylow conservation, which can affect the infection process.Methods: To achieve this goal, candidate gene clusters were initially discovered based on coding sequence conservation viathe computational tool AnABlast [1], which highlitghted genomic coding region with conservation signal similar to the initialcontrols. Then, the candidates were functionally annotated using the tool Sma3s_v2 [2]. To select the best candidates, aprincipal component analysis (PCA) was done using the following factors, which were trained with the controls: sequenceconservation obtained by a similarity search by Blast against close organisms (Ensembl fungi phylogeny), expression dataduring infection, and signal peptide presence (SignalP and TargetP), usually present in effectors.Currently, a laboratory experiment has been began to elucidate if the chosen candidates affect the pathogenity, deleting themby homologous recombination.Results: We have been able to identify 49 new clusters by comparing their coding signal with those already known. After thesubsequent analysis three of them, and one from the bibliography have been chosen to be tested in laboratory to elucidatetheir virulence phenotype (swelling and tumors).In the PCA our best candidate is located among the clusters previously described as pathogenic, showing genes beingsecreted with high levels of expressionConclusions: In brief, we propose that putative cluster of virulence sequences could be found by the presented strategy. So,it could constitute a new silico approach to find out specific genes involved in different biological processes such as inffection

Diseño de un estudio sobre la percepción de la evaluación en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en las instituciones educativas de Perú

Objetivo. El objetivo principal de este artículo es mostrar el diseño de una investigación que pretende analizar los fundamentos de la evaluación que asumen los docentes en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en las diferentes instituciones educativas de Perú en 2021. Diseño/Metodología/Enfoque. El tipo de investigación será participante, no participante y de investigación acción, asumidas como investigación básica o aplicada. De acuerdo a la selección del diseño de investigación, se plantean: observación, descripción y explicación. Los diseños de la investigación fueron etnográfica, teoría fundamentada, fenomenológica, estudio de casos y la investigación acción participativa. Resultados/Discusión. A través de la técnica focus group, se aplicó un cuestionario de respuestas abiertas, que recogió las percepciones de los docentes de educación básica regular. Desde la perspectiva conceptual, la evaluación es entendida como una de las etapas del proceso educacional cuya finalidad es el control sistemático, desde la procedimental la evaluación fue entendida como la emisión de un juicio valor basado en la comparación de estándares, a nivel actitudinal la evaluación es aplicada como un proceso formativo.  Conclusiones. Se analizan los fundamentos de la evaluación que asumen los docentes en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en las diferentes instituciones educativas del Perú – 2021, a través de la sistematización del diagrama de bosque, confrontando los diseños de investigación. Además de indagar la concepción, actitud y valoración de la evaluación. Originalidad/Valor. Es un estudio post pandemia que ofrece unos resultados muy interesantes a la hora de comparar algo tan fundamental como los procesos evaluativos, antes y después de la pandemia.

Singlet oxygen triggers chloroplast rupture and cell death in the zeaxanthin epoxidase defective mutant aba1 of Arabidopsis thaliana under high light stress

[EN] The two Arabidopsis thaliana mutants, aba1 and max4, were previously identified as sharing a number of coregulated genes with both the flu mutant and Arabidopsis cell suspension cultures exposed to high light (HL). On this basis, we investigated whether aba1 and max4 were generating high amounts of singlet oxygen (1O2) and activating 1O2-mediated cell death. Thylakoids of aba1 produced twice as much 1O2 as thylakoids of max4 and wild type (WT) plants when illuminated with strong red light. 1O2 was measured using the spin probe 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidone hydrochloride. 77-K chlorophyll fluorescence emission spectra of thylakoids revealed lower aggregation of the light harvesting complex II in aba1. This was rationalized as a loss of connectivity between photosystem II (PSII) units and as the main cause for the high yield of 1O2 generation in aba1. Upregulation of the 1O2 responsive gene AAA-ATPase was only observed with statistical significant in aba1 under HL. Two early jasmonate (JA)-responsive genes, JAZ1 and JAZ5, encoding for two repressor proteins involved in the negative feedback regulation of JA signalling, were not up-regulated to the WT plant levels. Chloroplast aggregation followed by chloroplast rupture and eventual cell death was observed by confocal imaging of the fluorescence emission of leaf cells of transgenic aba1 plants expressing the chimeric fusion protein SSU-GFP. Cell death was not associated with direct 1O2 cytotoxicity in aba1, but rather with a delayed stress response. In contrast, max4 did not show evidence of 1O2-mediated cell death. In conclusion, aba1 may serve as an alternative model to other 1O2-overproducing mutants of Arabidopsis for investigating 1O2-mediated cell death

Efectos del metilfenidato sobre la ansiedad

The attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity (ADDH) is a widely recognized disorder of unknown etiology. Methylphenidate administration is one of the most commonly used treatments to improve symptoms associated with ADDH. Although it is generally a well tolerated drug, several secondary effects may occur. In particular, this paper will focus on the effects on anxiety, in humans and experimental animal models. It has been shown that acute administration of methylphenidate in adults reduces anxiety, in both animal models and humans. On the other hand, chronic treatment during early ages (postnatal and young subjects) results in higher anxiety in adults. In some cases this effect appears together with higher susceptibility of drug consumption. Thus, we find that, in the literature, methylphenidate is capable of inducing different and opposite effects. Thus, further experiments would be required to elucidate the mechanisms by which methylphenidate exert its actions.El trastorno por déficit de atención/hiperactividad (TDAH) es un trastorno neurológico ampliamente reconoci- do de etiología desconocida. La administración de metilfenidato es uno de los tratamientos más utilizados para la mejora sintomática del TDAH. Aunque es un medicamento en general muy bien tolerado por los pacientes, existen algunos efec- tos secundarios ajenos a los síntomas de la hiperactividad. En particular, esta revisión se centra en revisar los efectos que la administración aguda o crónica del metilfenidato induce en síntomas de ansiedad en humanos y en modelos animales experimentales. Tanto en modelos animales como en humanos, la administración aguda en adultos tiene un efecto an- siolítico. Por otro lado, en modelos animales, la administración crónica en el período posnatal y adolescentes genera es- tados de ansiedad en el adulto, aumentando, además, en algunos casos, aunque no en todos, la propensión a la drogo- dependencia de otras sustancias. Existe disparidad de resultados y serían necesarios más estudios para elucidar los mecanismos por los cuales el metilfenidato ejerce su acción

Self-perception of the effectiveness of a course on online university teaching digital tools during the COVID 19 pandemic

The Covid-19 health crisis led to the adaptation of teaching staff to fully online training, which meant that many teachers had to undertake accelerated online teaching training courses. This research focuses on the evaluation of self-perceived effectiveness of a course on online teaching digital tools for university professors in Latin America. A field study was carried out based on the perception of the participants. Three aspects were considered: changes in knowledge (α= 0.962), how able participants felt to use the tools (α=0.873) and satisfaction with various aspects of the course (α= 0.942). A pre-post e-survey was applied. Significant favourable differences were found in self-reported knowledge of tools for content management, collaboration, assessment and online tutoring at the end of the course, with a medium effect size. They perceived themselves to be able to use the tools (mean: 3.68, scale 1-4). Overall satisfaction was also high (3.8, scale 1-4). The results point to the effectiveness of the teacher refresher course for online teaching. Follow-up is recommended to assess the implementation of what has been learned.La crisis sanitaria por Covid-19 conllevó la adaptación del profesorado a una formación completamente online, lo que hizo que muchos docentes tuvieran que realizar cursos de formación sobre docencia online de forma acelerada. Esta investigación se centra en la autopercepción de la eficacia de un curso sobre herramientas digitales para la docencia online dirigido a profesores universitarios de Latinoamérica. Se realizó un estudio de campo basado en la percepción de los participantes. Se consideraron tres aspectos: los cambios en los conocimientos (α= 0.962), lo capaz que se sentían los participantes para el uso de las herramientas (α=0.873) y la satisfacción con diversos aspectos del curso (α= 0.942). Se aplicó una e-encuesta pre-post. Se encontraron diferencias significativas favorables en los conocimientos, según los propios participantes, sobre herramientas para la gestión de contenidos, la colaboración, la evaluación y la tutoría online al finalizar el curso, con un tamaño del efecto medio. Se percibían capaces para el uso de las herramientas (media: 3,68, escala 1-4). Así mismo, la satisfacción general fue alta (3,8, escala 1-4). Los resultados apuntan hacia la efectividad del curso de actualización del profesorado para la docencia online. Se recomienda hacer seguimiento para valorar la implementación de lo aprendido

Autoconcepto, actividad física y familia : análisis de un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales

El presente estudio fue realizar un análisis psicosocial del autoconcepto en adolescentes españoles, considerando de manera simultánea variables personales, familiares, académicas y físico-deportivas. Los participantes fueron 2.134 adolescentes de ambos sexos, procedentes de veinte centros educativos de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria, con edades comprendidas entre los 15 y 18 años. Se llevó a cabo un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales que explica la varianza en un 63.12% y se explora el efecto que tenía la práctica de actividad física, sobre las dimensiones del Test de Autoconcepto Forma-5 (AF-5) de García y Musitu (1999). Los resultados, señalan que el modelo se ajusta correctamente, y que de todas las dimensiones la familiar es la que mayor peso presenta, y la práctica de actividad física no es causa del resto de variables de este modelo.This study was made to carry out a psychosocial analysis of self-concept in Spanish adolescents, simultaneously considering personal, physical, sports, family and academic variables. The participants were 2,134 adolescents of both genders, from twenty Secondary Schools, aged between 15 and 18 years old. A structural equation model was made that explained the variance at 63.12% and explored the effect that physical activity had using the dimensions of the Autoconcepto Forma-5 (AF-5) Test by García and Musitu (1999). The results show that the model was correctly adjusted and that, out of all the dimensions, family has the greatest weight and that the practice of physical activity is not a cause of other variables in the model.O presente estudo visou realizar uma análise psicossocial do autoconceito em adolescentes espanhóis, considerando simultaneamente variáveis pessoais, familiares académicas e físico-desportivas. Os participantes foram 2.134 adolescentes de ambos os sexos, precedentes de vinte centros educativas de Educação Secundária Obrigatória, com idades compreendidas entre os 15e os 18 anos. Foi realizado um modelo de equações estruturas que explica 63.12% da variância, explorando-se de igual modo o efeito que teria a prática de actividade física, sobre as dimensões do Teste de Autoconceito Forma- 5 (AF-5) de García e Musitu (1999). Os resultados, demonstram que o modelo se ajusta correctamente, e que de todas as dimensões, a familiar é a que maior peso apresenta, e a prática de actividade física não é causa das restantes variáveis deste modelo

The Role of Developmental Assets in Gender Differences in Anxiety in Spanish Youth

Anxiety disorders are the most prevalent psychological disorders during emerging adulthood. Some consistent gender differences have been reported in anxiety with women suffering more anxiety than men, which has detrimental consequences in most life spheres in the youth and later life stages. The understanding of the development of anxiety in emerging adulthood requires a developmental perspective. The Developmental Assets Theory was postulated to describe the individual and the contextual resources which may foster positive youth development and mental health. The present study aims to analyze to what extent the gender differences in anxiety may be partly explained by gender differences in developmental assets. For this purpose, a cross-sectional study was conducted in which a sample of 1,044 youths (75.5% women; age range = 18–28; M age = 20.47, SD = 3.08) enrolled in 11 universities from different regions in Spain filled in self-report measures of developmental assets and anxiety symptoms. The participants completed an online survey with the scales, Developmental Assets Profile developed by the Search Institute (1) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) (2). The results showed more anxiety in the female subsample (at both the symptoms and clinical levels). Some gender differences in developmental assets were also observed. A partial mediation model, based on regression analyses, indicated that gender differences in anxiety were partly explained by gender differences in developmental assets. Thus, higher anxiety in the women was partly due to lower scores in positive identity and higher scores in positive values. These results suggested the need to design programs to prevent anxiety with specific measures for women youth to nurture positive identity and promote strengths and coping skills that allow them to get the benefits of well-being derived from positive values, thus, preventing worry and stress overload, which may lead to anxiety.This research received funding from Research, Development and Innovation Projects of European Regional Development Fund in Andalusia 2014–2020. Grant number UHU-1259711, awarded to the first and last authors