Precise measurement of near-barrier 8He+208Pb elastic scattering : comparison with 6He

Dramatic differences in the elastic scattering of the neutron rich nuclei 6He and 8He are found when new high quality data for the 8He+208Pb system are compared with previously published 6He+208Pb data at the same laboratory frame incident energy. The new 8He data are of the same level of detail as for stable beams. When comparing them with those previously obtained for 6He+208Pb at the same energy, it is possible to determine from the data alone that 6He has a much longer range absorption than 8He. However, both nuclei show significant absorption beyond their strong absorption radii. While it has been known for a long time that elastic scattering at energies around the barrier only determines the optical potential over a small distance in radial space, typically ±0.5 fm or so, both the 6He and the 8He imaginary potentials obtained from various optical model fits to these data are the same over a much wider range of ±1.5 fm.The authors would like to thank the staff of the GANIL accelerator facility for providing the high quality 8He beam. This work was supported in part by Grant No. FPA2010-22131-C02-01 (FINURA) and Grant No. FPA2013-47327-C2-1-R from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, UNAM-PAPIIT IA101616 (Mexico), Grant No. N202 033637 from the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Poland, and Contract No. EUI2009-04163 (EUROGENESIS) from the European Science Foundation

Frecuencias genotípicas y alélicas del gen de κappa caseína en ganado criollo de la raza Reyna, Managua, Nicaragua

The present work was carried out in the Creole cattle of the Reyna breed of the animal science faculty. This breed has been important in the development of Central American livestock, in principle it was the founding herd of it. The Reyna cattle, is a breed adapted to the tropical conditions of Nicaragua, selected by Joaquín Reyna in the year 1920. The κ-casein protein is related to milk production and quality characteristics, such as, cheese yield, time of coagulation, firmness of micelle and high levels of lactoferrin. Milk derived from animals CASκ AA genotype has a lower percentage of κ-casein, on the contrary, milk from CASκ BB animals has a higher proportion of κ-casein and smaller micelles. The present study aimed to determine the genotypic and allelic frequencies of the kappa-casein gene (κ-CN) in cattle of the Reyna breed. 22 blood samples were collected in breeding females from the Santa Rosa farm of the Animal Science Faculty of the National Agrarian University (UNA). The kappa casein gene was amplified by PCR technique, with primers BLKC-For 5`-ATTAGCCCATTTCGCCTTCT-3` and BLKC-Rev 5`-ATT TATGGCCATTCCACCAA-3`, obtaining a fragment of 351 bp. The alleles were identified using the PCR-FRLP technique, obtaining genotypic frequencies of 0.090, 0.045 and 0.863 for the AA, BB and AB genotypes, respectively. Allelic frequency was 0.52 and 0.48 for alleles A and B respectively, indicating greater number of AB and AA genotypes.El presente trabajo se realizó en el ganado criollo de la raza Reyna de la facultad ciencia animal. Esta raza ha sido importante en el desarrollo de la ganadería centroamericana, en principio constituyó el hato fundador de la misma. El ganado Reyna, es una raza adaptada a las condiciones tropicales de Nicaragua, seleccionada por Joaquín Reyna en el año de 1920. La proteína κ-caseína está relacionada con características de producción y calidad de la leche, tales como, rendimiento en queso, tiempo de coagulación, firmeza de micela y niveles altos de lactoferrina. La leche derivada de animales con genotipo CASκ AA tiene menor porcentaje de κ-caseína, por el contrario, la leche de animales CASκ BB presenta mayor proporción de κ-caseína y micelas más pequeñas. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar las frecuencias genotípicas y alélicas del gen kappa-caseína (κ-CN) en ganado de la raza Reyna. Se recolectaron 22 muestras de sangre en hembras reproductoras de la finca Santa Rosa de la Facultad Ciencia Animal de la Universidad Nacional Agraria (UNA). El gen de la kappa caseína fue amplificado mediante la técnica PCR, con los cebadores BLKC-For 5`-ATTAGCCCATTTCGCCTTCT-3` y BLKC-Rev 5`-ATT TATGGCCATTCCACCAA-3`, obteniendo un fragmento de 351 pb. La identificación de los alelos fue realizada mediante la técnica PCR-FRLP, obteniendo frecuencias genotípicas de 0.090, 0.045 y 0.863 para los genotipos AA, BB y AB, respectivamente. La frecuencia alélica fue de 0.52 y 0.48 para los alelos A y B respectivamente, indicando mayor número de genotipos AB y AA

RESONANCIA DE PLASMONES EN MATERIALES NANOESTRUCTURADOS

ResumenLa plasmónica estudia los fenómenos asociados a las oscilaciones colectivas entre electrones de la capa de conducción en materiales explícitamente fabricados con base en técnicas de nanoingeniería. Comprender estos fenómenos permite llevar a la práctica su utilidad en telecomunicaciones a frecuencias de Tera Bytes por segundo (TBs), la microscopía de ultrarresolución o el aprovechamiento de la energía solar y térmica remanente en edificios o carreteras calentadas por el sol entre otras. En este trabajo se exponen las generalidades que abarca la resonancia de plasmones y sus aplicaciones.Palabra(s) Clave(s): Nanongeniería, Plasmones, Ultrarresolución. AbstractPlasmónica studies the phenomena associated with collective oscillations between electrons of the conducting layer in materials explicitly manufactured based on nanoengineering techniques. Understanding these phenomena makes it possible to implement its usefulness in telecommunications at Tera Bytes frequencies per second (TBs), ultra-resolution microscopy or the use of solar and thermal energy remaining in buildings or roads heated by the sun, among others. In this work the generalities that cover the plasmon resonance and its applications are exposed.Keyboards: Nanongeniería, Plasmones, Ultrarresolución

Inhibición de lipasa pancreática por flavonoides: importancia del doble enlace C2=C3 y la estructura plana del anillo C//Inhibition of pancreatic lipase by flavonoids: relevance of the C2=C3 double bond and C-ring planarity

Lipasa pancreática es una enzima clave en el metabolismo de lípidos. Los flavonoides son compuestos bioactivos de gran relevancia debido a sus interacciones con enzimas digestivas. Se evaluó la actividad de lipasa pancreática en presencia de flavonoides. Mediante espectroscopía UVVisible se determinó que el mejor inhibidor fue quercetina, seguido de rutina > luteolina > catequina > hesperetina, con valores de IC50 de 10.30, 13.50, 14.70, 28.50 y 30.50 μM, respectivamente. Todos los flavonoides mostraron una inhibición mixta, excepto catequina que mostró una inhibición acompetitiva. La capacidad inhibitoria de los flavonoides se relacionó con propiedades estructurales compartidas entre los distintos flavonoides, como la hidroxilación en las posiciones C5, C7 (anillo A), C2’ y C3’ (anillo B), y el doble enlace entre C2 y C3 (anillo C). Los resultados de inhibición coincidieron con el análisis de la fluorescencia extrínseca. Los estudios de docking molecular indicaron que la interacción entre lipasa pancreática y los flavonoides fue principalmente mediante interacciones hidrofóbicas (pi-stacking). Las interacciones de todos los flavonoides, excepto rutina, se dieron en el mismo sitio (subsitio 1) de la enzima. La insaturación entre C2 y C3 fue determinante para el acomodo de los flavonoides con la enzima, principalmente por interacciones de pi-stacking.ABSTRACTPancreatic lipase is a key enzyme in lipid metabolism. Flavonoids are bioactive compounds obtained from vegetables with big relevance, due to their intrinsic interaction with digestive enzymes. Pancreatic lipase activity was evaluated in the presence of flavonoids, through UV-Vis spectroscopy. All tested flavonoids showed a mixed-type inhibition, except catechin, which showed a uncompetitive inhibition. The best inhibitor was quercetin followed by rutin > luteolin > catechin > hesperetin, with IC50 values of 10.30, 13.50, 14.70, 28.50 and 30.50 μM, respectively. The flavonoids inhibitory capacity was related to structural properties shared between the different flavonoids, such as the hydroxylation at C5, C7 (ring A), C2’ and C3’ (ring B), and the double bond between C2 and C3 (ring C). The inhibition results are in agreement with the extrinsic fluorescence analysis. Molecular docking studies indicated that the interaction between pancreatic lipase and flavonoids was mainly through hydrophobic interactions (pi-stacking). The interactions of all flavonoids, except rutin, occurred at the same enzyme site (subsite 1). Instauration between C2 and C3 was decisive for the arrangement of flavonoids with the enzyme, mainly due to pi-stacking interactions

Near barrier scattering of 8He on 208Pb

The exotic nucleus 8He is investigated by means of the measurement of the angular distributions of the elastic channel and the 6He and 4He fragment yields produced in the collision with a 208Pb target at two energies around the Coulomb barrier, 16 and 22 MeV. The experiment was performed at the GANIL-SPIRAL facility, with the aim of extracting information about the structure of 8He and the relevant reaction mechanisms. In this contribution, details of the experimental setup and preliminary data on elastic cross sections are reporte

Near barrier scattering of 8He on 208Pb

The exotic nucleus 8He is investigated by means of the measurement of the angular distributions of the elastic channel and the 6He and 4He fragment yields produced in the collision with a 208Pb target at two energies around the Coulomb barrier, 16 and 22 MeV. The experiment was performed at the GANIL-SPIRAL facility, with the aim of extracting information about the structure of 8He and the relevant reaction mechanisms. In this contribution, details of the experimental setup and preliminary data on elastic cross sections are reported

De Nueva España a México : El universo musical mexicano entre centenarios (1517-1917)

742 págs. Imágenes color y b/n. Partituras musicales.El fenómeno de las conmemoraciones culturales siempre ha sido un terreno abonado para la producción cultural y artística del que se han valido los Estados para ofrecer interpretaciones legitimadoras e ideologizadas de la historia, articuladas en torno a las ideas de memoria, nación y progreso. El presente volumen, resultado de una triple conmemoración (el centenario de la Revolución Mexicana y la publicación de la primera historia de la música en México de Alba Herrera –1917–, por un lado; y la llegada del militar andaluz Francisco Hernández de Córdoba a la costa de la península del Yucatán –1517–, por otro), presenta una visión retrospectiva de la historia musical mexicana a lo largo de esas cuatro centurias. Frente a la rígida división cronológica impuesta por ciertas narrativas, se ofrece así una noción inclusiva, actual e informada del universo musical mexicano en toda su multiplicidad y riqueza de matices, integrando las épocas colonial e independiente como lo que realmente son: partes constitutivas de la memoria musical, histórica, cultural y política del país, con las luces y las sombras propias de cualquier otro periodo

Ecological and Physiological Studies of Gymnodinium catenatum in the Mexican Pacific: A Review

This review presents a detailed analysis of the state of knowledge of studies done in Mexico related to the dinoflagellate Gymnodinium catenatum, a paralytic toxin producer. This species was first reported in the Gulf of California in 1939; since then most studies in Mexico have focused on local blooms and seasonal variations. G. catenatum is most abundant during March and April, usually associated with water temperatures between 18 and 25 ºC and an increase in nutrients. In vitro studies of G. catenatum strains from different bays along the Pacific coast of Mexico show that this species can grow in wide ranges of salinities, temperatures, and N:P ratios. Latitudinal differences are observed in the toxicity and toxin profile, but the presence of dcSTX, dcGTX2-3, C1, and C2 are usual components. A common characteristic of the toxin profile found in shellfish, when G. catenatum is present in the coastal environment, is the detection of dcGTX2-3, dcSTX, C1, and C2. Few bioassay studies have reported effects in mollusks and lethal effects in mice, and shrimp; however no adverse effects have been observed in the copepod Acartia clausi. Interestingly, genetic sequencing of D1-D2 LSU rDNA revealed that it differs only in one base pair, compared with strains from other regions

Evolving trends in the management of acute appendicitis during COVID-19 waves. The ACIE appy II study

Background: In 2020, ACIE Appy study showed that COVID-19 pandemic heavily affected the management of patients with acute appendicitis (AA) worldwide, with an increased rate of non-operative management (NOM) strategies and a trend toward open surgery due to concern of virus transmission by laparoscopy and controversial recommendations on this issue. The aim of this study was to survey again the same group of surgeons to assess if any difference in management attitudes of AA had occurred in the later stages of the outbreak. Methods: From August 15 to September 30, 2021, an online questionnaire was sent to all 709 participants of the ACIE Appy study. The questionnaire included questions on personal protective equipment (PPE), local policies and screening for SARS-CoV-2 infection, NOM, surgical approach and disease presentations in 2021. The results were compared with the results from the previous study. Results: A total of 476 answers were collected (response rate 67.1%). Screening policies were significatively improved with most patients screened regardless of symptoms (89.5% vs. 37.4%) with PCR and antigenic test as the preferred test (74.1% vs. 26.3%). More patients tested positive before surgery and commercial systems were the preferred ones to filter smoke plumes during laparoscopy. Laparoscopic appendicectomy was the first option in the treatment of AA, with a declined use of NOM. Conclusion: Management of AA has improved in the last waves of pandemic. Increased evidence regarding SARS-COV-2 infection along with a timely healthcare systems response has been translated into tailored attitudes and a better care for patients with AA worldwide