Relationship between Sucralose Consumption and Seru m Concentration of Glycosylated Hemoglobin in People with Type 2 Di abetes Mellitus without Complications

People who live with diabetes consume sucralose to control their blood glucose, but there is a controversy about this topic. To evaluate the relationship between sucralose consumption and serum concentration of glycosylated hemoglobin in people with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus without complications. Cross-sectional study. Universe of 27 214 people with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus without complications, users of a primary care unit from the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social in the state of Jalisco, Mexico. Simple probabilistic sample, n = 194 (p = 0,05). Propositive sampling. Selection criteria: adults of any gender and education level who agreed to participate. Variables: sociodemographic, anthropometric, clinical and dietary. Data collection instruments: Sociodemographic questionnaire, Tanita Fitscan© 585 scale, Tanita Fitscan© HR-200 stadiometer, Body Flex© tape-measure, Slim Guide© plicometer, Afinion© AS100 analyzer, and Frequency of Food Consumption Questionnaire. Information sources: clinical files and Mexican System of Equivalent Foods. Analysis: descriptive and inferential statistics (p ≤ 0,05). 194 people. Mean age 60,23 ± 11,16, interval 28-93 years. 56,2% females and 43,8% males. Difference between glycosilated hemoglobin means: sucralose consumers 7,5% ± 1,7%, no sucralose consumers 8,1% ± 2,1% (p < 0,01). Association force “sucralose consumption/high glycosilated hemoglobin concentration” OR = 1,42 (CI95% 0,63, 3,21). Lineal correlation “quarterly sucralose consumption/serum concentration of glycosylated hemoglobin” ρ = -0,754 (R2 = 0,0057, p = 0,333). This results were partially consistent to the pre-existing literature. Studies with representative stratified samples and control of dietary variables are required for better results

Jornadas de gestión al 100% desde lo local 2015

Con el objetivo de fortalecer la Secretaría de Educación, trabajando por la educación de calidad, en el año 2015 se desarrolló la segunda fase de las Jornadas de Gestión al 100% desde lo local, en las que más de 8 mil participantes de cerca de 300 colegios y de las veinte localidades, representados en padres, estudiantes, docentes y directivos tuvieron un encuentro directo con todas las dependencias de la entidad generando un diálogo asertivo y de intercambio de información y conocimiento. Este documento muestra de manera sintética el desarrollo, los logros y resultados de esta nueva experiencia que nos permitió llegar a espacios como el Colegio Rural Jaime Garzón en la localidad de Sumapaz, donde el encuentro de estudiantes, docentes directivos y general la Secretaría de Educación del Distrito fue el mejor testimonio de hacer verdadera Gestión al 100

MEIS1, PREP1, and PBX4 Are Differentially Expressed in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Association of MEIS1 Expression with Higher Proliferation and Chemotherapy Resistance

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The Three-amino acid-loop-extension (<it>TALE</it>) superfamily of homeodomain-containing transcription factors have been implicated in normal hematopoiesis and in leukemogenesis and are important survival, differentiation, and apoptosis pathway modulators. In this work, we determined the expression levels of <it>TALE </it>genes in leukemic-derived cell lines, in blood samples of patients with Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and in the blood samples of healthy donors.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Here we show increased expression of <it>MEIS1, MEIS2, </it>and <it>PREP1 </it>genes in leukemia-derived cell lines compared with blood normal cells. High levels of <it>MEIS1 </it>and <it>PREP1</it>, and low levels of <it>PBX4 </it>expression were also founded in samples of patients with ALL. Importantly, silencing of <it>MEIS1 </it>decreases the proliferation of leukemia-derived cells but increases their survival after etoposide treatment. Etoposide-induced apoptosis induces down-regulation of MEIS1 expression or <it>PREP1 </it>up-regulation in chemotherapy-resistant cells.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Our results indicate that up-regulation of <it>MEIS1 </it>is important for sustaining proliferation of leukemic cells and that down-regulation of <it>MEIS1 </it>or up-regulation of <it>PREP1 </it>and <it>PBX </it>genes could be implicated in the modulation of the cellular response to chemotherapeutic-induced apoptosis.</p

Genotoxic Effect of Chronic Exposure to DDT on Lymphocytes, Oral Mucosa and Breast Cells of Female Rats

The genotoxicity of some environmental contaminants may affect human health directly by damaging genetic material and thus plays an important role in cancer development. Xenoestrogens are one kind of environmental pollutants that may alter hormonal routes or directly affect DNA. The number of available biomarkers used to assess genetic risk and cancer is very extensive. The present study evaluated genotoxicity produced by the pesticide DDT on systemic and mammary gland cells obtained from adult female Wistar rats. Oral mucosa cells micronuclei were assessed; the comet assay in peripheral blood-isolated lymphocytes and mammary epithelial cells was also carried out. Additionally, oxidative stress was studied in mammary tissue through a lipid peroxidation assay. Our data showed an increase in lipid peroxidation, product of an increase in free oxygen radical levels, which leads to an oxidative stress status. Our results suggest that DDT is genotoxic, not only for lymphocytes but also to mammary epithelial cells

Aspectos botânicos, fitoquímicos e nutricionais do araticum (Annona coriacea Mart.): uma revisão

Annona coriacea é uma árvore frutífera nativa do Cerrado brasileiro que apresenta propriedades nutricionais e farmacológicas. Essa planta possui uma longa história de uso tradicional, sendo utilizada desde a antiguidade pela medicina popular para o tratamento de várias condições patológicas. A compreensão de suas composição química e atividades biológicas fornece a base para apoiar futuras pesquisas e aplicações dessa planta no desenvolvimento de novos produtos alimentícios, agrícolas e farmacêuticos. Nesse sentido, esta revisão busca unir as informações disponíveis sobre a fitoquímica, os usos tradicionais, e as atividades biológicas e nutricionais de A. coriacea. As folhas, sementes, flores e frutos têm demonstrado uma ampla gama de compostos bioativos e apresentam atividades antioxidantes, anti-inflamatórias, antitumorais, analgésicas, antimicrobianas, antiparasitárias e inseticidas. Portanto, essas descobertas demonstram que as folhas, frutos, flores e sementes podem ser utilizados como alimentos funcionais ou como fonte para a obtenção de compostos bioativos para aplicações em alimentos, cosméticos e fármacos

Reflections Magazine of the Faculty of Education. Volume 2 No. 2 December 1989

Educación y sociedad es el núcleo temático del presente numero de Reflexiones. En él destacamos una actividad académico cultural ya institucionalizada en la Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga: La 3a. Jornada Pedagógica que en esta ocasión Se centró en el análisis de la situación de violencia del país y el compromiso del educador frente a ella. De la variada programación de tres días hemos rescatado importante material para esta publicación; es el caso de las caricaturas que expuso Wilson D. León Carreño, estudiante de comunicación Social, que ilustran éste y sucesivos números de la publicación.Education and society is the thematic core of this number of Reflections. In it we highlight an academic activity Cultural already institutionalized in the Autonomous University of Bucaramanga: The 3rd. Pedagogical Day that on this occasion It focused on the analysis of the situation of violence in the country and the educator's commitment to it. From the varied programming of three days we have rescued important material for this publication; This is the case of the cartoons exhibited by Wilson D. León Carreño, a student of Social Communication, which illustrate this and successive issues of the publication.Modalidad Presencia

Insulin Resistance in Chileans of European and Indigenous Descent: Evidence for an Ethnicity x Environment Interaction

&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Background:&lt;/b&gt; Effects of urbanisation on diabetes risk appear to be greater in indigenous populations worldwide than in populations of European origin, but the reasons are unclear. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine whether the effects of environment (Rural vs. Urban), adiposity, fitness and lifestyle variables on insulin resistance differed between individuals of indigenous Mapuche origin compared to those of European origin in Chile.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Methodology/Principal Findings:&lt;/b&gt; 123 Rural Mapuche, 124 Urban Mapuche, 91 Rural European and 134 Urban European Chilean adults had blood taken for determination of HOMA-estimated insulin resistance (HOMA(IR)) and underwent assessment of physical activity/sedentary behaviour (using accelerometry), cardiorespiratory fitness, dietary intake and body composition. General linear models were used to determine interactions with ethnicity for key variables. There was a significant "ethnicity x environment" interaction for HOMA(IR) (Mean +/- SD; Rural Mapuche: 1.65 +/- 2.03, Urban Mapuche: 4.90 +/- 3.05, Rural European: 0.82 +/- 0.61, Urban European: 1.55 +/- 1.34, p((interaction)) = 0.0003), such that the effect of urbanisation on HOMA(IR) was greater in Mapuches than Europeans. In addition, there were significant interactions (all p&lt;0.004) with ethnicity for effects of adiposity, sedentary time and physical activity on HOMA(IR), with greater effects seen in Mapuches compared to Europeans, an observation that persisted after adjustment for potential confounders.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions/Significance:&lt;/b&gt; Urbanisation, adiposity, physical activity and sedentary behaviour influence insulin resistance to a greater extent in Chilean Mapuches than Chileans of European descent. These findings have implications for the design and implementation of lifestyle strategies to reduce metabolic risk in different ethnic groups, and for understanding of the mechanisms underpinning human insulin resistance.&lt;/p&gt

Association between T2-related co-morbidities and effectiveness of biologics in severe asthma

Acknowledgments The authors thank Mr. Joash Tan (BSc, Hons), of the Observational and Pragmatic Research Institute (OPRI), and Ms Andrea Lim (BSc, Hons) of the Observational Pragmatic Research Institute (OPRI) for their editorial and formatting assistance that supported the development of this publication. Funding statement: This study was conducted by the Observational and Pragmatic Research Institute (OPRI) Pte Ltd and was partially funded by Optimum Patient Care Global and AstraZeneca Ltd. AstraZeneca UK LimitedPeer reviewe

31st Annual Meeting and Associated Programs of the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC 2016) : part two

Background The immunological escape of tumors represents one of the main ob- stacles to the treatment of malignancies. The blockade of PD-1 or CTLA-4 receptors represented a milestone in the history of immunotherapy. However, immune checkpoint inhibitors seem to be effective in specific cohorts of patients. It has been proposed that their efficacy relies on the presence of an immunological response. Thus, we hypothesized that disruption of the PD-L1/PD-1 axis would synergize with our oncolytic vaccine platform PeptiCRAd. Methods We used murine B16OVA in vivo tumor models and flow cytometry analysis to investigate the immunological background. Results First, we found that high-burden B16OVA tumors were refractory to combination immunotherapy. However, with a more aggressive schedule, tumors with a lower burden were more susceptible to the combination of PeptiCRAd and PD-L1 blockade. The therapy signifi- cantly increased the median survival of mice (Fig. 7). Interestingly, the reduced growth of contralaterally injected B16F10 cells sug- gested the presence of a long lasting immunological memory also against non-targeted antigens. Concerning the functional state of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), we found that all the immune therapies would enhance the percentage of activated (PD-1pos TIM- 3neg) T lymphocytes and reduce the amount of exhausted (PD-1pos TIM-3pos) cells compared to placebo. As expected, we found that PeptiCRAd monotherapy could increase the number of antigen spe- cific CD8+ T cells compared to other treatments. However, only the combination with PD-L1 blockade could significantly increase the ra- tio between activated and exhausted pentamer positive cells (p= 0.0058), suggesting that by disrupting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis we could decrease the amount of dysfunctional antigen specific T cells. We ob- served that the anatomical location deeply influenced the state of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes. In fact, TIM-3 expression was in- creased by 2 fold on TILs compared to splenic and lymphoid T cells. In the CD8+ compartment, the expression of PD-1 on the surface seemed to be restricted to the tumor micro-environment, while CD4 + T cells had a high expression of PD-1 also in lymphoid organs. Interestingly, we found that the levels of PD-1 were significantly higher on CD8+ T cells than on CD4+ T cells into the tumor micro- environment (p < 0.0001). Conclusions In conclusion, we demonstrated that the efficacy of immune check- point inhibitors might be strongly enhanced by their combination with cancer vaccines. PeptiCRAd was able to increase the number of antigen-specific T cells and PD-L1 blockade prevented their exhaus- tion, resulting in long-lasting immunological memory and increased median survival