Anthropometric Status and Nutritional Intake in Children (6-9 Years) in Valencia (Spain): The ANIVA Study

The aim of our study was to assess nutritional intake and anthropometric statuses in schoolchildren to subsequently determine nutritional adequacy with Spanish Dietary ReferenceIntake (DRIs). The ANIVA study, a descriptive cross-sectional study, was conducted in 710 schoolchildren (6-9 years) in 2013-2014 in Valencia (Spain). Children's dietary intake was measured using 3-day food records, completed by parents. Anthropometric measures (weight and height) were measured according to international standards, and BMI-for-age was calculated and converted into z-scores by WHO-Anthro for age and sex. Nutrient adequacy was assessed using DRI based on estimated average requirement (EAR) or adequate intake (AI). Pearson's chi-square and Student's t-test were employed. Of our study group (47.61% boys, 52.39% girls),53.1% were normoweight and the weight of 46.9% was inadequate; of these, 38.6% had excess body weight (19.6% overweight and 19.0% obesity). We found intakes were lower for biotin, fiber, fluoride, vitamin D (p < 0.016), zinc, iodine, vitamin E, folic acid, calcium and iron (p < 0.017),and higher for lipids, proteins and cholesterol. Our results identify better nutritional adequacy to Spanish recommendations in overweight children. Our findings suggest that nutritional intervention and educational strategies are needed to promote healthy eating in these children and nutritional adequacies

Bioiragazketaren lehenengo urratsak eta garapena

Industria-jardueren ondorioz isuritako kutsatzaile toxikoek (besteak beste kiratsa dutenek) arazo larriak sortzen dituzte, bai ingurugiroan eta bai gizakien osasunean ere. Hori dela eta, gero eta zorrotzagoak dira nazioarteko legeak, eta airera igorritako kutsatzaileen kantitatea analisi bidez gero eta zehatzago neur daitekeenez, industriek inbertsioak egin behar izan dituzte airearen tratamendurako sistemak hobetzeko. Horren ondorioz, bioiragazketa bezalako bioprozesuek arrakasta handia lortu dute gaskorronteen garbiketan. Gaur egun, bioiragazketa teknologiako aukera frogatua da herri garatuetan ; gainera, garabidean dauden herrietarako ere teknologia merkea da. Hasieran, kiratsak sortutako arazoak ekid iteko soilik erabiltzen bazen ere, gaur egun beste hainbat industriatara ere hedatu da bioiragazketa, eta kutsatzaile ugari tratatzeko balio du. Mikroorganismoek molekula kutsatzaileak degradatzeko duten ahalmenean datza bioiragazketa. Sistema horretan, gasen korronte kutsatua ohantze finkoan zehar igaroarazten da, eta ohantze solido horretan itsatsita dagoen biomasak biodegradatu egiten ditu kutsatzaileak.Lan honetan zehar, bioteknologia horren lehenengo urratsak, gaurko egoerara heldu arte izan duen garapena eta etorkizuneko erabilera deskribatuko dira

Predictive Power of the "Trigger Tool" for the detection of adverse events in general surgery: a multicenter observational validation study

Background In spite of the global implementation of standardized surgical safety checklists and evidence-based practices, general surgery remains associated with a high residual risk of preventable perioperative complications and adverse events. This study was designed to validate the hypothesis that a new “Trigger Tool” represents a sensitive predictor of adverse events in general surgery. Methods An observational multicenter validation study was performed among 31 hospitals in Spain. The previously described “Trigger Tool” based on 40 specific triggers was applied to validate the predictive power of predicting adverse events in the perioperative care of surgical patients. A prediction model was used by means of a binary logistic regression analysis. Results The prevalence of adverse events among a total of 1,132 surgical cases included in this study was 31.53%. The “Trigger Tool” had a sensitivity and specificity of 86.27% and 79.55% respectively for predicting these adverse events. A total of 12 selected triggers of overall 40 triggers were identified for optimizing the predictive power of the “Trigger Tool”. Conclusions The “Trigger Tool” has a high predictive capacity for predicting adverse events in surgical procedures. We recommend a revision of the original 40 triggers to 12 selected triggers to optimize the predictive power of this tool, which will have to be validated in future studies

Evolution of the use of corticosteroids for the treatment of hospitalised COVID-19 patients in Spain between March and November 2020: SEMI-COVID national registry

Objectives: Since the results of the RECOVERY trial, WHO recommendations about the use of corticosteroids (CTs) in COVID-19 have changed. The aim of the study is to analyse the evolutive use of CTs in Spain during the pandemic to assess the potential influence of new recommendations. Material and methods: A retrospective, descriptive, and observational study was conducted on adults hospitalised due to COVID-19 in Spain who were included in the SEMI-COVID- 19 Registry from March to November 2020. Results: CTs were used in 6053 (36.21%) of the included patients. The patients were older (mean (SD)) (69.6 (14.6) vs. 66.0 (16.8) years; p < 0.001), with hypertension (57.0% vs. 47.7%; p < 0.001), obesity (26.4% vs. 19.3%; p < 0.0001), and multimorbidity prevalence (20.6% vs. 16.1%; p < 0.001). These patients had higher values (mean (95% CI)) of C-reactive protein (CRP) (86 (32.7-160) vs. 49.3 (16-109) mg/dL; p < 0.001), ferritin (791 (393-1534) vs. 470 (236- 996) µg/dL; p < 0.001), D dimer (750 (430-1400) vs. 617 (345-1180) µg/dL; p < 0.001), and lower Sp02/Fi02 (266 (91.1) vs. 301 (101); p < 0.001). Since June 2020, there was an increment in the use of CTs (March vs. September; p < 0.001). Overall, 20% did not receive steroids, and 40% received less than 200 mg accumulated prednisone equivalent dose (APED). Severe patients are treated with higher doses. The mortality benefit was observed in patients with oxygen saturation </=90%. Conclusions: Patients with greater comorbidity, severity, and inflammatory markers were those treated with CTs. In severe patients, there is a trend towards the use of higher doses. The mortality benefit was observed in patients with oxygen saturation </=90%

Epidemiological trends of HIV/HCV coinfection in Spain, 2015-2019

Altres ajuts: Spanish AIDS Research Network; European Funding for Regional Development (FEDER).Objectives: We assessed the prevalence of anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibodies and active HCV infection (HCV-RNA-positive) in people living with HIV (PLWH) in Spain in 2019 and compared the results with those of four similar studies performed during 2015-2018. Methods: The study was performed in 41 centres. Sample size was estimated for an accuracy of 1%. Patients were selected by random sampling with proportional allocation. Results: The reference population comprised 41 973 PLWH, and the sample size was 1325. HCV serostatus was known in 1316 PLWH (99.3%), of whom 376 (28.6%) were HCV antibody (Ab)-positive (78.7% were prior injection drug users); 29 were HCV-RNA-positive (2.2%). Of the 29 HCV-RNA-positive PLWH, infection was chronic in 24, it was acute/recent in one, and it was of unknown duration in four. Cirrhosis was present in 71 (5.4%) PLWH overall, three (10.3%) HCV-RNA-positive patients and 68 (23.4%) of those who cleared HCV after anti-HCV therapy (p = 0.04). The prevalence of anti-HCV antibodies decreased steadily from 37.7% in 2015 to 28.6% in 2019 (p < 0.001); the prevalence of active HCV infection decreased from 22.1% in 2015 to 2.2% in 2019 (p < 0.001). Uptake of anti-HCV treatment increased from 53.9% in 2015 to 95.0% in 2019 (p < 0.001). Conclusions: In Spain, the prevalence of active HCV infection among PLWH at the end of 2019 was 2.2%, i.e. 90.0% lower than in 2015. Increased exposure to DAAs was probably the main reason for this sharp reduction. Despite the high coverage of treatment with direct-acting antiviral agents, HCV-related cirrhosis remains significant in this population

Bioiragazketaren lehenengo urratsak eta garapena

Industria-jardueren ondorioz isuritako kutsatzaile toxikoek (besteak beste kiratsa dutenek) arazo larriak sortzen dituzte, bai ingurugiroan eta bai gizakien osasunean ere. Hori dela eta, gero eta zorrotzagoak dira nazioarteko legeak, eta airera igorritako kutsatzaileen kantitatea analisi bidez gero eta zehatzago neur daitekeenez, industriek inbertsioak egin behar izan dituzte airearen tratamendurako sistemak hobetzeko. Horren ondorioz, bioiragazketa bezalako bioprozesuek arrakasta handia lortu dute gaskorronteen garbiketan. Gaur egun, bioiragazketa teknologiako aukera frogatua da herri garatuetan ; gainera, garabidean dauden herrietarako ere teknologia merkea da. Hasieran, kiratsak sortutako arazoak ekid iteko soilik erabiltzen bazen ere, gaur egun beste hainbat industriatara ere hedatu da bioiragazketa, eta kutsatzaile ugari tratatzeko balio du. Mikroorganismoek molekula kutsatzaileak degradatzeko duten ahalmenean datza bioiragazketa. Sistema horretan, gasen korronte kutsatua ohantze finkoan zehar igaroarazten da, eta ohantze solido horretan itsatsita dagoen biomasak biodegradatu egiten ditu kutsatzaileak.Lan honetan zehar, bioteknologia horren lehenengo urratsak, gaurko egoerara heldu arte izan duen garapena eta etorkizuneko erabilera deskribatuko dira