Transformación digital en la industria publicitaria con enfoque de género: análisis de las empresas líderes

This research departs from the strategies debated in an international framework for the achievement of gender equality through digitization and education, focusing in particular on the advertising industry. The advertising sector is immersed in a process of technological transformation that is precipitating substantial changes in companies, viz. advertising and media agencies, which are now demanding new professional profiles and adjusting traditional ones to the new media ecosystem. At the same time, and despite the feminization of the studies and workforce in this field, there is an unequal vertical and horizontal distribution by sex in Spanish agencies. Despite the previous evidence on the implications of the digital transformation for the work processes of agencies, no studies have explored this aspect from a gender perspective in Spain. In this context, this study investigates the roles and services of the leading agencies in the advertising industry more deeply, with the aim of evaluating both the digitization process and tasks close to R+D+I, and the roles of women therein. The results reveal parity in the sector and that the Digital and R+D+I areas play a central role in the agencies. There are no significant differences by sex, either in Digital profiles or in the area related to R+D+I, but women occupy fewer positions on management boards and in the Creative area. In short, this study provides evidence regarding the professional reality in the advertising sector, in order to delineate actions in the educational field to respond to the needs of the economy and society in line with the gender equality project.Esta investigación parte de las líneas estratégicas debatidas en el marco internacional para la consecución de la igualdad de género a través de la digitalización y la educación y, centra su atención, de forma particular, en la industria publicitaria. El sector publicitario está sumergido en un proceso de transformación tecnológica que precipita cambios sustanciales en las empresas, las agencias de publicidad y de medios, y que llevan demandando nuevos perfiles profesionales y ajustando los tradicionales al nuevo ecosistema mediático. Al mismo tiempo, pese a la feminización de sus estudios y de su fuerza laboral, se observa un desigual reparto vertical y horizontal por sexo en las agencias españolas. Aunque existen evidencias previas sobre las implicaciones de la transformación digital sobre los procesos de trabajo de la agencia, en nuestro país no hay estudios que hayan explorado esta línea con perspectiva de género. En este contexto, esta investigación profundiza en los puestos y servicios de las agencias líderes de la industria publicitaria con el propósito de ponderar tanto la presencia de la digitalización y de tareas próximas a la I+D+i, como la posición de la mujer en las mismas. Nuestros resultados constatan que existe paridad en el sector y que el área digital y la I+D+i están presentes en las agencias de forma central. No existen diferencias significativas por sexo, ni en perfiles digitales, ni en el área relacionada con la I+D+i, pero las mujeres ocupan menos puestos en el cuadro directivo y en el área de Creatividad. En definitiva, este estudio aporta evidencias acerca de la realidad profesional del sector publicitario para poder articular líneas de actuación en el ámbito educativo que respondan a la economía y a la sociedad, acordes con el proyecto de igualdad de género.Work presented in the Strategic Communication Studies Group (E-COM) and in the Teaching Research Network Digital communication Technologies: Competencies and Expectations (ref. 4459) of the University of Alicante

Droplet Microfluidics for the ex Vivo Expansion of Human Primary Multiple Myeloma Cells.

We previously reported a new approach for micromanipulation and encapsulation of human stem cells using a droplet-based microfluidic device We demonstrated the possibility of encapsulating and culturing difficult-to-preserve primary human hematopoietic stem cells using an engineered double layered bead composed by an inner layer of alginate and an outer layer of puramatrix constructed using a soft technology without the use of any external force. In this work, we use this micro manipulation technique to build a 3D scaffold as a biomimetic model to recapitulate the niche of patient-derived multiple myeloma cells (MM cell) using a multilayered 3D tissue scaffold constructed in a microfluidic device and cultured in 10% FBS culture medium. In the current study, we included the use of this biomimetic model comprising supporting human Mesenchymal stem cells to show the mid-term survival of MM cells in the proposed structures. We found that the generated microniches were suitable for the maintenance of MM cells with and without supporting cells. Additionally, cultured MM cells in droplets were exposed to both Bortezomib and Lenalidomide to test their toxicity in the cultured patient derived cells. Results indicate that the maintained MM cells were consistently responding to the applied medication, opening a wide field of possibilities to use the presented micro device as an ex vivo platform for drug screening.This research was funded by European Commission H2020 Marie Curie Research Grants Scheme MSCA-IF-GF (705163).S

Factores de riesgo de la lumbalgia ocupacional en el personal del Servicio de Pediatría del Hospital Sergio E. Bernales en Lima, 2022

Objetivo: identificar los factores de riesgo de la lumbalgia ocupacional en el personal del servicio de pediatría del hospital Sergio E. Bernales en Lima, 2022. Materiales y métodos: se realizó un estudio con un diseño de tipo descriptivo, observacional. Con una muestra de 80 personales del servicio de pediatría. Se empleó como instrumento a la encuesta para el estudio de las variables de la investigación. Resultados: se encontró que el rango de edad oscila entre los 18 hasta 29 años. El sexo predominante fue el femenino. En cuanto al cargo desempeñado, el interno de medicina presentó una alta frecuencia. La jornada laboral y las actividades realizadas manifestaron que un 48 % presentó problemas por mala postura. El 25 % manifestó tener obesidad. Para las actividades físicas, un 62 % no realiza este tipo de actividades. El estrés laboral obtuvo un 88.75 % en los trabajadores. Finalmente, los problemas mecánicos evidenciaron que un 46.25 % de los trabajadores los presentaron. Conclusiones: no se identificó una conexión en medio de los factores de riesgo de la lumbalgia ocupacional. (p = 0,778 > 0,05), en el personal del servicio de pediatría del hospital Sergio E. Bernales en Lima, 2022

Fault injection method for safety and controllability evaluation of automated driving

Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) and automated vehicle applications based on embedded sensors have become a reality today. As road vehicles increase its autonomy and the driver shares his role in the control loop, novel challenges on their dependability assessment arise. One key issue is that the notion of controllability becomes more complex when validating the robustness of the automated vehicle in the presence of faults. This paper presents a simulation-based fault injection approach aimed at finding acceptable controllability properties for the model-based design of control systems. We focus on determining the best fault models inserting exceptional conditions to accelerate the identification of specific areas for testing. In our work we performed fault injection method to find the most appropriate safety concepts, controllability properties and fault handling strategies at early design phases of lateral control functions based on the error in the Differential GPS signal.Authors wants to thank to the H2020 UnCoVerCPS Project (with grant number 643921) and the ECSEL JU AMASS project under H2020 grant agreement No 692474 and from MINETUR (Spain)

Self-efficacy for weight control and quality of life in Mexican patients with hemophilia

El autor es alumno egresado del Doctorado en Ciencias de la Salud becario de CONACYTIntroduction: Perceived self-efficacy is closely related to an adequate quality of life en general well-being of people, but few studies have studied this relationship in people with hemophilia. Objective: To determine the degree of relationship between perceived self-efficacy for weight control and quality of life in people with and without hemophilia, comparing both variables in case-control groups. Methods: The sample made up, for convenience, of 40 participants, with two matched groups. The group of cases consisted of 20 males between 19 and 24 years of age (M = 19.50, SD = 1.47) with hemophilia type A. The control group consisted of 20 males who did not present hemophilia, matched in age and weight status, between the ages of 18 and 24 years of age (M= 19.59, SD= 1.44). Participants answered the “Self-efficacy for Weight Control” questionnaire and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Bref” questionnaire. Descriptive statistics where used to describe the factors of each instrument. Student's t-test was used to compare differences between the two groups. Results: Only the Daily physical activity dimension showed a statistical difference in the control group. According to the Pearson correlation, a positive correlation was found between the Scheduled physical activity, Daily physical activity and Physical health dimensions. Conclusions: It is concluded that physical exercise, weight control, nutritional counseling and psychological support are essential for the quality of life, especially for people with hemophilia, which complements medical treatmentEl autor es alumno egresado del Doctorado en Ciencias de la Salud becario de CONACY

MEK inhibition enhances the response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors in acute myeloid leukemia

FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) is a key driver of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Several tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) targeting FLT3 have been evaluated clinically, but their effects are limited when used in monotherapy due to the emergence of drug-resistance. Thus, a better understanding of drug-resistance pathways could be a good strategy to explore and evaluate new combinational therapies for AML. Here, we used phosphoproteomics to identify differentially-phosphorylated proteins in patients with AML and TKI resistance. We then studied resistance mechanisms in vitro and evaluated the efficacy and safety of rational combinational therapy in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo in mice. Proteomic and immunohistochemical studies showed the sustained activation of ERK1/2 in bone marrow samples of patients with AML after developing resistance to FLT3 inhibitors, which was identified as a common resistance pathway. We examined the concomitant inhibition of MEK-ERK1/2 and FLT3 as a strategy to overcome drug-resistance, finding that the MEK inhibitor trametinib remained potent in TKI-resistant cells and exerted strong synergy when combined with the TKI midostaurin in cells with mutated and wild-type FLT3. Importantly, this combination was not toxic to CD34+ cells from healthy donors, but produced survival improvements in vivo when compared with single therapy groups. Thus, our data point to trametinib plus midostaurin as a potentially beneficial therapy in patients with AML.We are particularly indebted to all the patients who participated in the study. This work was supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI13/02378 and PI16/01530) and the CRIS foundation. M.L. had a postdoctoral fellowship from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (FPDI-2013-016409) and holds a grant from the Spanish Society of Hematology and Hemotherapy.S

Referentes femeninos en publicidad: recurso docente para la implementación de la docencia con perspectiva de género en los estudios de publicidad

El presente trabajo ha contado con una ayuda del Programa de Redes-I3CE de investigación en docencia universitaria del Instituto de Ciencias de la Educación de la Universidad de Alicante (convocatoria 2020-21). Ref.:5137

Looking for Crumbs in the Obesity Forest: Anti-obesity Interventions and Obesity-Associated Cardiometabolic Traits in the Mexican Population. History and Systematic Review With Meta-Analyses

Mexicans and Mexican Americans share culture, genetic background, and predisposition for chronic complications associated with obesity and diabetes making imperative efficacious treatments and prevention. Obesity has been treated for centuries focused-on weight loss while other treatments on associated conditions like gout, diabetes (T2D), and hypertriglyceridemia. To date, there is no systematic review that synthesizes the origin of obesity clinics in Mexico and the efforts to investigate treatments for obesity tested by randomized clinical trials (RCT). We conducted systematic searches in Pubmed, Scopus, and Web of Science to retrieve anti-obesity RCT through 2019 and without an inferior temporal limit. The systematic review included RCT of anti-obesity treatments in the Mexican adult population, covering alternative medicine, pharmacological, nutritional, behavioral, and surgical interventions reporting metabolism-associated traits such as BMI, weight, waist circumference, triglycerides, glucose, among others. Only the studies with at least 3 months of treatment were included in the meta-analyses in order to reduce placebo effects. We found 634 entries, after removal of duplicates and screening the studies based on eligibility criteria, we analyzed 43 national, and 2 multinational-collaborative studies. Most of the national studies had small sample sizes, and the implemented strategies do not have replications in the population. The nutrition/behavioral interventions were difficult to blind, and most studies have medium-to-high risk of bias. Nutritional/behavioral interventions and medications showed effects on BMI, waist circumference, and blood pressure. Simple measures like pure water instead of sweet beverages decrease triglycerides and systolic blood pressure. Dark chocolate showed the highest effect for BMI and high blood pressure, and treatment with insulin increased weight in those with T2D. The study of obesity in Mexico has been on-going for more than four decades, the interest on RCT just increased until this millennium, but with small sample sizes and lack of replication. The interventions affect different cardiometabolic associated traits, which should be analyzed in detail in the population living near the Mexico-U.S. border; therefore, bi-national collaboration is desirable to disentangle the cultural effects on this population\u27s treatment response

Randomized Clinical Trials of obesity treatments in Mexican population. Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background: Mexicans and Mexican Americans share similar culture, genetic background, and predisposition for obesity and diabetes. Randomized clinical trials (RCT) assessing obesity treatments (ObT) are reliable to assess efficacy. To date, there is no systematic review to investigate ObT tested by RCT in Mexican adults. Methods: We conducted systematic searches in Pubmed, Scopus, and Web of Science to retrieve ObT RCT from 1990 to 2019. The ObT included alternative medicine, pharmacological, nutritional, behavioral, and surgical interventions. The analyzed RCT were at least three months of duration, and reported: BMI, weight, waist circumference, triglycerides, glucose and blood pressure. Results: We found 634 entries; after removal of duplicates and exclusions based on eligibility criteria, we analyzed 43 and 2 multinational-collaborative studies. Most of the national studies had small sample sizes, and did not have replications from other studies. The nutrition/behavioral interventions were difficult to blind, and most studies had medium to high risk of bias. Random effects meta-analysis of nutritional/behavioral interventions and medications showed effects on BMI, waist circumference, and blood pressure. Simple measures like plain water instead of sweet beverages decreased triglycerides and systolic blood pressure. Participants with obesity and hypertension had beneficial effects with antioxidants, and the treatment with insulin increased weight in those with T2D. Conclusions: The RCT’s in Mexico reported effects on metabolic components despite small sample sizes and lack of replication. In the future we should analyze ObT in population living on the U.S.-Mexico border; therefore, bi-national collaboration is desirable to disentangle cultural effects on ObT response