Recherches sur trois souches de Clostridium botulinum D.

Prévot A. R., Rossi Paul. Recherches sur trois souches de Clostridium botulinum D.. In: Bulletin de l'Académie Vétérinaire de France tome 101 n°9, 1948. pp. 386-389

Continuous Monitoring of Dynamical Systems and Master Equations

We illustrate the equivalence between the non-unitary evolution of an open quantum system governed by a Markovian master equation and a process of continuous measurements involving this system. We investigate a system of two coupled modes, only one of them interacting with external degrees of freedom, represented, in the first case, by a finite number of harmonic oscillators, and, in the second, by a sequence of atoms where each one interacts with a single mode during a limited time. Two distinct regimes appear, one of them corresponding to a Zeno-like behavior in the limit of large dissipation

The environmental noise level in the rejuvenation pruning on centuries-old olive tree

ArticleIn the Italian agricultural economy, olive cultivation plays a fundamental role, and this is especially true for the southern regions where almost all cultivation is spread. In Calabria, in particular, olive cultivation has seen over the last few decades significantly improve the quality of production also as a result of investments aimed at the creation of new mechanizable plants and/or the modernization of existing ones; today some areas have got both PDO and PGI certification. In the ‘Piana di Gioia Tauro’, located north-west of the Reggio Calabria metropolitan area, olive growing extends over 20,000 hectares and the presence of centuries-old olive tree is still widespread. The olive varieties mainly belong to the local cultivars of ‘Sinopolese’ and ‘Ottobratica’, characterized by a remarkable rusticity and high development, perhaps unique in the world; they reach 20–25 meters high, forming what is called a ‘forest of olive trees’. The pruning operations are carried out by means of chainsaws of different power and size whereby, in addition to the previously described difficulties, operators are exposed to prolonged periods of noise levels. The purpose of this study is precisely to assess the exposure of operators to this particular olive grove. The aim is to identify the acoustic levels generated by the two pruning and cross-cutting activities, the risk thresholds and the exposure to which the individual workers of the two work sites are subjected, giving indications on the appropriate safety distances to maintain (according to current regulations) compared to noise sources

Potential to use Cyperus rotundus in areas of industrial waste disposal

A fitorremediação é um processo promissor de descontaminação de solos em que a planta é utilizada como um mecanismo de alocação do agente contaminante e indesejável ao sistema tratado. Plantas de Cyperus rotundus, colhidas em área onde ocorreram descartes de resíduos industriais, foram avaliadas utilizando microscopia óptica (MO) e plasma de argônio indutivamente acoplado (ICP-AES). O trabalho objetivou avaliar as alterações causadas pelos poluentes químicos na estrutura morfológica do corpo epígeo de plantas juvenis de C. rotundus e seu potencial fitorremediador em comparação a plantas colhidas em região não poluída do mesmo solo (testemunha). As alterações anatômicas estruturais identificadas demonstram o potencial efeito poluidor dos contaminantes e também sugerem o comportamento hiperacumulador da planta avaliada.Phytoremediation is a promising process of soil decontamination when the plant is used as a mechanism of allocation of the undesirable contaminant agent in the treated system. Samples of Cyperus rotundus collected in a contaminated area with industrial residues were evaluated through optical microscopy and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP - AES). This work aimed to evaluate the phytoremediator potential and the morphological alterations in young epigeous body of C. rotundus caused by pollutant chemicals in comparison with plants collected in the same soil with no contamination (witness). The observed anatomic alterations compared with the witnesses demonstrated the potential polluting effect of contaminants and also indicated the hyperaccumulating behavior of the analyzed plants.FAPES

Biomecánica del pilar canino en el cráneo humano basada en la geometría utilizando análisis de elementos finitos

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)This study evaluated the stress distribution based on the canine pillar geometry in human skull, using a finite element analysis. Computed tomography of human skull was used to build a finite element model, which was composed by all bony structures of canine pillar: canine eminence, canine fossa, frontal process of maxilla, glabellum and superciliary arch. A support on the bite contact of maxillary canine tooth and a resultant force of the masticatory muscles was applied in the simulation. Equivalent Von-mises and maximum principal stresses were analyzed along the structures that compose the canine pillar geometry. Von-mises stress presented high stress concentrated at the canine fossa and frontal process of maxilla. Maximum principal stress showed compression areas at the canine fossa and part of frontal process and tensile stress at canine eminence and part of the frontal process. In conclusion, the different stress areas means different force concentrations transmitted along the canine pillar geometry during a peak canine bite.This study evaluated the stress distribution based on the canine pillar geometry in human skull, using a finite element analysis. Computed tomography of human skull was used to build a finite element model, which was composed by all bony structures of can321214220CAPES - COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL E NÍVEL SUPERIORCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)sem informaçãoEste estudio evaluó la distribución de la tensión sobre la geometría del pilar canino en el cráneo humano, utilizando análisis de elementos finitos. Se usó la tomografía computarizada de cráneo humano para construir un modelo de elementos finitos compuestBrazil for financial support and the Center for Information Technology “Renato Archer” (Campinas, Brazil) for technical and scientific suppor

Confusing the extragalactic neutrino flux limit with a neutrino propagation limit

We study the possible suppression of the extragalactic neutrino flux due to a nonstandard interaction during its propagation. In particular, we study neutrino interaction with an ultra-light scalar field dark matter. It is shown that the extragalactic neutrino flux may be suppressed by such an interaction, leading to a new mechanism to reduce the ultra-high energy neutrino flux. We study both the cases of non-self-conjugate as well as self-conjugate dark matter. In the first case, the suppression is independent of the neutrino and dark matter masses. We conclude that care must be taken when explaining limits on the neutrino flux through source acceleration mechanisms only, since there could be other mechanisms for the reduction of the neutrino flux.Comment: 15 pages, 4 figures. Important changes implemented. Abstract modified. Conclusions remain. To be published in JCA

Performance of the Electromagnetic Calorimeter of the HERMES Experiment

The performance of the electromagnetic calorimeter of the HERMES experiment is described. The calorimeter consists of 840 radiation resistant F101 lead-glass counters. The response to positrons up to 27.5 GeV, the comparison between the measured energy and the momentum reconstructed from tracking, long-term stability, hadron rejection and neutral meson invariant mass reconstruction are shown.Comment: 22 pages, 13 figures, LaTeX, accepted by NI

Trigeminal Neuralgia: Literature Review

The trigeminal nerve, fifth equal of cranial nerves, a mixed nerve is considered by possessing motor and sensitive components. The sensitive portion takes to the Nervous System Central somesthesics information from the skin and mucous membrane of great area of the face, being responsible also for a neural disease, known as the Trigeminal Neuralgia. The aim of this study was to review the literature on the main characteristics of Trigeminal Neuralgia, the relevant aspects for the diagnosis and treatment options for this pathology. This neuralgia is characterized by hard pains and sudden, similar to electric discharges, with duration between a few seconds to two minutes, in the trigeminal nerve sensorial distribution. The pain is unchained by light touches in specific points in the skin of the face or for movements of the facial muscles, it can be caused by traumatic sequels or physiologic processes degenerative associate the vascular compression. Prevails in the senior population, frequently in the woman. In a unilateral way it attacks more the maxillary and mandibular divisions, rarely happens in a simultaneous way in the three branches of trigeminal nerve three branches.30115Adams, R.D., Victor, M., (1985) Principles of Neurology, , New York: Mc Graw-Hill Book CompanyBayer, D.B., Stenger, T.G., Trigeminal Neuralgia: An overview (1979) Oral Surgery, 48 (5), pp. 393-399. , http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0030-4220(79)90064-1Bennetto, L., Patel, N.K., Fuller, G., (2007) Trigeminal Neuralgia and Its Management, 334, pp. 201-205. , http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.39085.614792.BE, BMJ, PMid:17255614 PMCid:1782012Brow, J.A., Percutaneous balloon compression for trigeminal Neuralgia (2009) Clinical Neurosurgery, 56, pp. 73-76. , PMid:20214036Eskandar, E., Barker, F.G., Rabinov, J.D., Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Case21-2006. A61-year-old man with left-sided facial pain (2006) New England Journal of Medicine, 355, pp. 183-188. , http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMcpc069011, PMid:16837683Fardy, M.J., Patton, D.W., Complication associated with peripheral alcohol injections in the management of trigeminal neuralgia (1994) British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 32 (6), pp. 387-391. , http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0266-4356(94)90031-0Frizzo, H.M., Hasse, P.N., Veronese, R.M., Neuralgia do Trigêmeo: Revisão Bibliográfica Analítica (2004) Revista De Cirurgia E Traumatologia Buco-Maxilo-Facial, 4 (4), pp. 212-217Galassi, C., Blasi, G., Galassi, G., Serra, M., Faverio, A., Nevralgie trigeminali ed altre algie del capo (1985) Parodontologia E Stomatologia (nuova), 2, pp. 45-160Goto, F., Ishizaki, K., Yoshikawa, D., Obata, H., Arii, H., Terada, M., The long lasting effects of peripheral nerve blocks for trigeminal neuralgia using a high concentration of tetracaine dissolved in bupivacaine (1999) Pain, 79, pp. 101-103. , http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3959(98)00156-0Gusmão, S., Magaldi, M., Arantes, A., Rizotomia trigeminal por radiofrequência para tratamento da neuralgia do trigêmeo: Resultados e modificação técnica (2003) Arquivos De Neuro-Psiquiatria, 61 (2), pp. 434-440. , http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0004-282X2003000300020, PMid:12894280Hotta, T.H., Bataglion, A., Bataglion, C., Bezzon, O.L., Involvemente of dental occlusion and trigeminal neuralgia: A clinical report (1997) Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry, 77 (4), pp. 343-345. , http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3913(97)70155-0Jacob, R.P., Rhoton, J.A.L., Diagnosis and Nonoperative Management of Trigeminal Neuralgia (1996) In: YOUMANS, JR. Neurological Surgery, 5, pp. 3376-3385. , 4th Ed. W. B. Saunders CompanyJanneta, P.G., Gross (Mesoscopic) description of the human trigeminal nerve and ganglion (1963) Journal of Neurosurgery, 20, pp. 109-111Katusic, S., Beard, M.B., Bergstralh, E., Kurland, L.T., Incidence and clinical features of trigeminal neuralgia, Rochester, Minnesota:1945-1984 (1990) Annals of Neurology, 27, pp. 89-95. , http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ana.410270114, PMid:2301931Krafft, R.M., Trigeminal neuralgia (2008) American Family Physician, 77, pp. 1291-1296. , PMid:18540495Linskey, M.E., Jho, H.D., Jannetta, P.J., Microvascular decompression for trigeminal neuralgia caused by vertebrobasilar compression (1994) Journal of Neurosurgery, 81, pp. 1-9. , http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1994.81.1.0001, PMid:8207508Loh, H.S., Ling, S.Y., Shanmuhasuntharam, P., Zain, R., Yeo, J.F., Khoo, S.P., Trigeminal neuralgia. A retrospective survey of a sample of patients in Singapore and Malaysia (1998) Australian Dental Journal, 43 (3), pp. 188-191. , PMid:9707784Luna, E.B., Graça, L.F.A., Silva, D.C.O., Bérzin, F., Silva, Z., Souza, G.C., Mitri, F.F., Aspectos Anatômicos e Patológicos da Neuralgia do Trigêmeo: Uma revisão da literatura para estudantes e profissionais da saúde (2010) Bioscience Journal, 26 (4), pp. 661-674Maestri, J.M., Holzer, F., Fisiopatología de la neuralgia del trigémeno (1993) Revista Chilena De Neuro-Psiquiatria, 31 (3), pp. 317-321Mattos, J.M.B., Bueno, F.V., Mattos, L.R., Neuralgia do Trigêmeo: Um novo protocolo de tratamento clínico (2005) Revista Dor, 6 (4), pp. 652-656Meneses, M.S., Clemente, R., Russ, H.H., Traitement microchirurgical de la névralgie du trijumeau (1995) Neurochirurgie, 41 (5), pp. 349-352. , PMid:8577355Monzillo, P.H., Sanvito, W.L., Costa, A.R., Cluster-Tic, S., Syndrome: Report of five new cases (2000) Arquivos De Neuro-Psiquiatria, 58, pp. 518-521. , http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0004-282X2000000300019, PMid:10920416Neville, B.W., Damm, D.D., Allen, C.M., Bouquot, J.E., (2004) Patologia Oral E Maxilofacial.2.ed, pp. 865-867. , Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara KooganNurmikko, T.J., Eldridge, P.R., (2001) Trigeminal Neuralgia: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Current Treatment. BJA: British Journal of Anaesthesia, 87, pp. 117-132. , http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bja/87.1.117Patterson, C.W., Trigeminal neuralgia-a dental diagnosis challenge (1999) Northwest Dentistry, 78 (3), pp. 19-24Peters, G., Nurmikko, T.J., Peripheral and gasserian ganglion-level precedures for the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia (2002) Clinical Journal of Pain, 18 (1), pp. 28-34. , http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00002508-200201000-00005, PMid:11803300Quesada, G.A.T., Baptista, C.E., Daiana, S.P., Douglas, L.F., Neuralgia Trigeminal-do diagnóstico ao tratamento (2005) Revista Dentística, (11)Siqueira, S.R.D.T., Nóbrega, J.C.M., Valle, L.B.S., Teixeira, M.J., Siqueira, J.T.T., Clinical aspects and dental procedures (2004) Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, 98 (3), pp. 311-315Toda, K., Trigeminal neuralgia: Symptoms, diagnosis, classification, and related disorders (2007) Oral Science International, 4 (1), pp. 1-9. , http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1348-8643(07)80006-1Tronnier, V.M., Rasche, D., Hamer, J., Treatment of idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia: Comparison of long-term outcome after radiofrequency rhizotomy and microvascular decompression (2001) Neurosurgery, 48, pp. 1261-1268. , PMid:11383728Türp, J.C., Gobetti, J.P., Trigeminal neuralgia versus atypical facial pain: A review of the literature and case report (1996) Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, 81 (4), pp. 424-432Yoon, K.B., Wiles, J.R., Miles, J.B., Nurmikko, T.J., Long-term outcome of percutaneous thermocoagulation for trigeminal neuralgia (1999) Anaesthesia, 54 (80), pp. 798-808Yoshimasu, F., Kurland, L.T., Elvelvack, L.R., Tic dolourex in Rochester, Minnesota (1972) Neurology, 22, pp. 952-956. , http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.22.9.952, 1945-1969. PMid:467338

Incidence Of The Ossified Pterygoalar Ligament In Brazilian Human Skulls And Its Clinical Implications

The ossified pterygoalar ligament is formed between the lateral lamina of the pterygoid process and the infratemporal surface of the sphenoid bone or its greater wing and was not connected to the sphenoid spine. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of the ossified pterygoalar ligament in Brazilian human skulls and analyzing its clinical importance. 183 Brazilian adult (between 30 to 60 years old) dry human skulls were evaluated. Was evaluated the incidence of skulls with complete or partial ossification of the pterygoalar ligament, bilaterally and unilaterally and in the presence on the right and left sides. Were found 5 skulls had the ossified pterygoalar ligament, resulting in an overall incidence of 2.73%. There was 1 skull in the presence of the incomplete ossification of the pterygoalar ligament, unilaterally and on the left side resulting in incidence of 0.54%. There were 4 skulls in the presence of the complete ossification of the pterygoalar ligament, unilaterally and on the right side resulting in incidence of 2.18%. The ossified pterygoalar ligament is a major cause of the entrapment of the lingual nerve or a branch of the mandibular nerve and may cause mandibular neuralgia. The incidence of the ossified pterygoalar ligament and the pterygoalar foramen is low in the Brazilian population. However, these structures have clinical significance as this ligament establish relationships with the ovale foramen and difficulty in accessing in this foramen in a therapeutic approach.2816971Antonopoulou, M., Piagou, M., Anagnostopoulou, S., An anatomical study of the pterygospinous and pterygoalar bars and foramina - their clinical relevance (2008) Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, 36 (2), pp. 104-108Das, S., Paul, S., Ossified pterygospinous ligament and its clinical implications (2007) Bratislavské Lekárske Listy, 108 (3), pp. 141-143Erdogmus, S., Pinar, Y., Celik, S., A cause of entrapment of the lingual nerve: Ossified pterygospinous ligament - A case report (2009) Neuroanatomy, 8, pp. 43-45Kapur, E., Dilberović, F., Redzepagić, S., Berhamović, E., Variation in the lateral plate of the pterygoid process and the lateral subzygomatic approach to the mandibular nerve (2000) Medicinski Arhiv, 54 (3), pp. 133-137Krmpotic-Nemanic, J., Vinter, I., Hat, J., Jalsovec, D., Mandibular neuralgia due to anatomical variations (1999) European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, 256 (4), pp. 205-208. , DOI 10.1007/s004050050141Ludinghausen, M., Kageyama, I., Miura, M., Alkhatib, M., Morphological peculiarities of the deep infratemporal fossa in advanced age (2006) Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy, 28, pp. 284e-292eNayak, S.R., Saralaya, V., Prabhu, L.V., Pai, M.M., Vadgaonkar, R., D'Costa, S., Pterygospinous bar and foramina in Indian skulls: Incidence and phylogenetic significance (2007) Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy, 29 (1), pp. 5-7. , DOI 10.1007/s00276-006-0154-4Patnaik, W.G., Rajan Singla, K., Bala, S., Bilateral pterygo-alar bar and porus crotaphitico-buccinatorius e a case report (2001) Journal of the Anatomical Society of India, 50, pp. 161-162Peker, T., Karakose, M., Anil, A., Turgut, H.B., Gulekon, N., The Incidence of Basal Sphenoid Bony Bridges in Dried Crania and Cadavers: Their Anthropological and Clinical Relevance (2002) European Journal of Morphology, 40 (3), pp. 171-180. , DOI 10.1076/ejom.40.3.171.16686Peuker, E.T., Fischer, G., Filler, T.J., Entrapment of the lingual nerve due to an ossified pterygospinous ligament (2001) Clinical Anatomy, 14 (4), pp. 282-284. , DOI 10.1002/ca.1048Piagkou, M.N., Demesticha, T., Piagkos, G., Androutsos, G., Skandalakis, P., Mandibular nerve entrapment in the infratemporal fossa (2010) Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy, 10Shaw, J.P., Pterydospinous and pterygoalar foramina: A role in the etiology of trigeminal neuralgia? (1993) Clinical Anatomy, 6, pp. 173e-178eSkrzat, J., Walocha, J., Srodek, R., An anatomical study of the pterygoalar bar and the pterygoalar foramen (2005) Folia Morphologica, 64 (2), pp. 92-96Suazo Galdames, I., Zavando Matamala, D., Smith, R.L., Anatomical study of the pterygospinous and pterygoalar bony bridges and foramens in dried crania and its clinical relevance (2010) International Journal of Morphology, 28 (2), pp. 405-408Williams, P.L., Bannister, L.H., Berry, M.M., Collin, P., Dyson, M., Dussek, J.E., Ferguson, M.W.J., (2000) Gray's Anatomy, pp. 588-801. , 38th ed. New York: Churchill Livingston

Two-pass two-way acceleration in a superconducting continuous wave linac to drive low jitter x-ray free electron lasers

We present a design study of an innovative scheme to generate high rep rate (MHz-class) GeV electron beams by adopting a two-pass two-way acceleration in a Superconducting (SC) linac operated in Continuous Wave (CW) mode. The electron beam is accelerated twice by being re-injected in opposite direction of propagation into the linac after the first passage. Acceleration in opposite directions is accomplished thanks to standing waves supported in RF cavities. The task of recirculating the electron beam when it leaves the linac after first pass is performed by a Bubble-shaped Arc Compressor composed by a sequence of Double Bend Achromat. In this paper we address the main issues inherent to the two-pass acceleration process and the preservation of the electron beam quality parameters (emittance, energy spread, peak current) required to operate X-ray Free Electron Lasers with low jitters in the amplitude, spectral and temporal domain, as achieved by operating in seeding and/or oscillator mode a CW FEL up to 1 MHz rep rate. Detailed start-to-end simulations are shown to assess the capability of this new scheme to double the electron beam energy as well as to compress the electron bunch length from picoseconds down to tens of femtoseconds. The advantage of such a scheme is to halve the requested linac length for the same final electron beam energy, which is typically in the few GeV range, as needed to drive an X-ray FEL. The AC power to supply the cryogenic plant is also significantly reduced with respect to a conventional single-pass SC linac for the same final energy. We are reporting also X-ray FEL simulations for typical values of wavelengths of interest (in the 200 eV \u2013 8 keV photon energy range) to better illustrate the potentiality of this new scheme