Plantas de uso artesanal en el Resguardo Nuevo Amanecer de La Argentina, Huila

The following are the partial results of a study carried out in the Nuevo Amanecer Indigenous Reserve, which has its origins in the Misak People, Municipality of La Argentina (Huila). Five Shur-Mayores and Mayoras of the Resguardo community participated in the study. The research is of qualitative type, from the ethnographic method, with the purpose of recognizing the species of handicraft use within the Indigenous Resguardo, and the handicrafts that are elaborated from the cosmovision of the community. Among the main results is the identification by common name of 14 species, which are used for the elaboration of the Tampal - Kuari, salt shakers, salt pots, looms, spinning tops and Sarampiku, canes of authorities and accessories for agriculture. In conclusion, there is evidence of the cultural value associated with plants for artisanal use, which due to anthropic processes and migration of the community to new territories have disappeared or are not found in the territory, so it is necessary that cultural practices are developed in the different environments of community participation so that the ancestral legacy does not disappear.A continuación, se muestran los resultados parciales de un estudio desarrollado en el Resguardo Indígena Nuevo Amanecer, que tiene sus orígenes en el Pueblo Misak, Municipio de La Argentina (Huila). Se contó con la participación de 5 Shur-Mayores y Mayoras de la comunidad del Resguardo. La investigación es de tipo cualitativo, desde el método etnográfico, con la finalidad de reconocer las especies de uso artesanal dentro del Resguardo Indígena, y las artesanías que son elaboradas desde la cosmovisión de la comunidad. Entre los principales resultados se tiene la identificación por nombre común de 14 especies, las cuales son utilizadas para la elaboración del Tampal – Kuari, saleros, bateas, telares, trompos y Sarampiku, bastones de autoridades y accesorios para la agricultura. Como conclusión, se evidencia el valor cultural asociado a las plantas de uso artesanal, las cuales por procesos antrópicos y de migración de la comunidad a nuevos territorios han desaparecido o no se encuentran en el territorio, por lo cual, es necesario que las prácticas culturales sean desarrolladas en los distintos entornos de participación de la comunidad para que el legado ancestral no desaparezca.Seguem-se os resultados parciais de um estudo realizado no Indígena Resguardo Nuevo Amanecer, que tem a sua origem no Povo Misak, Município de La Argentina (Huíla).  Cinco Shur-Mayores e Mayoras da comunidade de Resguardo participaram no estudo. A investigação é qualitativa, baseada no método etnográfico, com o objectivo de reconhecer as espécies utilizadas no artesanato dentro do Resguardo indígena, e o artesanato que é feito a partir da cosmovisão da comunidade. Entre os principais resultados está a identificação por nome comum de 14 espécies, que são utilizadas para a elaboração do Tampal - Kuari, saleiro, bateas, teares, piões e Sarampiku, paus e acessórios de agricultura das autoridades. Em conclusão, o valor cultural associado às plantas para uso artesanal é evidente, que devido a processos antrópicos e migração da comunidade para novos territórios desapareceram ou não se encontram no território, pelo que é necessário que as práticas culturais sejam desenvolvidas nos diferentes ambientes de participação da comunidade para que o legado ancestral não desapareça

Inflammation-Mediated Regulation of MicroRNA Expression in Transplanted Pancreatic Islets

Nonspecific inflammation in the transplant microenvironment results in β-cell dysfunction and death influencing negatively graft outcome. MicroRNA (miRNA) expression and gene target regulation in transplanted islets are not yet well characterized. We evaluated the impact of inflammation on miRNA expression in transplanted rat islets. Islets exposed in vitro to proinflammatory cytokines and explanted syngeneic islet grafts were evaluated by miRNA arrays. A subset of 26 islet miRNAs was affected by inflammation both in vivo and in vitro. Induction of miRNAs was dependent on NF-κB, a pathway linked with cytokine-mediated islet cell death. RT-PCR confirmed expression of 8 miRNAs. The association between these miRNAs and mRNA target-predicting algorithms in genome-wide RNA studies of β-cell inflammation identified 238 potential miRNA gene targets. Several genes were ontologically associated with regulation of insulin signaling and secretion, diabetes, and islet physiology. One of the most activated miRNAs was miR-21. Overexpression of miR-21 in insulin-secreting MIN6 cells downregulated endogenous expression of the tumor suppressor Pdcd4 and of Pclo, a Ca2+ sensor protein involved in insulin secretion. Bioinformatics identified both as potential targets. The integrated analysis of miRNA and mRNA expression profiles revealed potential targets that may identify molecular targets for therapeutic interventions

Propuesta en Supply Chain Management y Logística para la empresa Pepsico INC

Este documento presenta una propuesta de Gestión de la Cadena de Suministro y Logística para la empresa PEPSICO INC. Incluye una configuración detallada de la red de la cadena de suministro de la empresa, así como objetivos específicos y generales del trabajo. El documento también cubre factores críticos de éxito que dificultan la implementación de mega tendencias en las empresas colombianas y PepsiCo Inc. La propuesta sugiere implementar un código de conducta global con proveedores basado en valores éticos y responsables. El documento tiene como objetivo identificar la posición de Colombia en la economía global y proponer estrategias para mejorar la economía nacional y satisfacer las demandas del mercado.This document presents a proposal for Supply Chain Management and Logistics for the company PEPSICO INC. It includes a detailed configuration of the company's supply chain network, as well as specific and general objectives of the work. The document also covers critical success factors that hinder the implementation of mega-trends in Colombian companies and PepsiCo Inc. The proposal suggests implementing a global code of conduct with suppliers based on ethical and responsible values. The document aims to identify Colombia's position in the global economy and propose strategies to improve the national economy and meet market demand

Socioeconomic Status Is Not Related with Facial Fluctuating Asymmetry: Evidence from Latin-American Populations

The expression of facial asymmetries has been recurrently related with poverty and/or disadvantaged socioeconomic status. Departing from the developmental instability theory, previous approaches attempted to test the statistical relationship between the stress experienced by individuals grown in poor conditions and an increase in facial and corporal asymmetry. Here we aim to further evaluate such hypothesis on a large sample of admixed Latin Americans individuals by exploring if low socioeconomic status individuals tend to exhibit greater facial fluctuating asymmetry values. To do so, we implement Procrustes analysis of variance and Hierarchical Linear Modelling (HLM) to estimate potential associations between facial fluctuating asymmetry values and socioeconomic status. We report significant relationships between facial fluctuating asymmetry values and age, sex, and genetic ancestry, while socioeconomic status failed to exhibit any strong statistical relationship with facial asymmetry. These results are persistent after the effect of heterozygosity (a proxy for genetic ancestry) is controlled in the model. Our results indicate that, at least on the studied sample, there is no relationship between socioeconomic stress (as intended as low socioeconomic status) and facial asymmetries

Canagliflozin and renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes and nephropathy

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus is the leading cause of kidney failure worldwide, but few effective long-term treatments are available. In cardiovascular trials of inhibitors of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2), exploratory results have suggested that such drugs may improve renal outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS In this double-blind, randomized trial, we assigned patients with type 2 diabetes and albuminuric chronic kidney disease to receive canagliflozin, an oral SGLT2 inhibitor, at a dose of 100 mg daily or placebo. All the patients had an estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of 30 to <90 ml per minute per 1.73 m2 of body-surface area and albuminuria (ratio of albumin [mg] to creatinine [g], >300 to 5000) and were treated with renin–angiotensin system blockade. The primary outcome was a composite of end-stage kidney disease (dialysis, transplantation, or a sustained estimated GFR of <15 ml per minute per 1.73 m2), a doubling of the serum creatinine level, or death from renal or cardiovascular causes. Prespecified secondary outcomes were tested hierarchically. RESULTS The trial was stopped early after a planned interim analysis on the recommendation of the data and safety monitoring committee. At that time, 4401 patients had undergone randomization, with a median follow-up of 2.62 years. The relative risk of the primary outcome was 30% lower in the canagliflozin group than in the placebo group, with event rates of 43.2 and 61.2 per 1000 patient-years, respectively (hazard ratio, 0.70; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.59 to 0.82; P=0.00001). The relative risk of the renal-specific composite of end-stage kidney disease, a doubling of the creatinine level, or death from renal causes was lower by 34% (hazard ratio, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.53 to 0.81; P<0.001), and the relative risk of end-stage kidney disease was lower by 32% (hazard ratio, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.54 to 0.86; P=0.002). The canagliflozin group also had a lower risk of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke (hazard ratio, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.67 to 0.95; P=0.01) and hospitalization for heart failure (hazard ratio, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.47 to 0.80; P<0.001). There were no significant differences in rates of amputation or fracture. CONCLUSIONS In patients with type 2 diabetes and kidney disease, the risk of kidney failure and cardiovascular events was lower in the canagliflozin group than in the placebo group at a median follow-up of 2.62 years

Animales en la poesía : una selección

RESUMEN : La presente es una antología de poemas sobre animales que hemos decidido llamar así, simplemente, Animales en la poesía, distinto al título de Bestiario, que contemplamos inicialmente, debido a cierta generalización que, bajo ese nombre, se reúne animales de toda índole, incluso aquellos pequeños animales que poco prefiguran un bestiario. Esta designación, justamente, designaría una reunión de bestias y estas están definidas, genéricamente, como animales de cuatro patas; entonces ello desmentiría o se prestaría para equívocos...CONTENIDO : Animales en la poesía. -- Kuyata. -- Poema con caballos rojos. -- Un cruce. -- Insectos en la misa. -- Gato casero. -- El gallinazo gira sobre los árboles. -- La serpiente que danza. -- El dragón azulado. -- A un perro. -- Ciervo. -- Cervatillo. -- Avechucho. -- Necoclí. -- Pez muerto. -- En el bosque, al lado del mar. -- Sobre las colinas. -- La perrita coja. -- El loro. -- Giran, giran. -- Pájaros. -- Cangrejos en el Morrosquillo. -- Garcilla bueyera. -- El burro. -- El gatopájaro. -- Bestia mía. -- Habla la vaca (fragmento). -- Un pueblo de amos... -- La mosca. -- Una avispa sobre el agua. -- Hormiga y faraona. -- Tulipanes rojos. -- La mariposa. -- El armadillo. -- Olvidadas ya la libertad y la floresta. -- Verdor. -- Reciclando. -- Milacos. -- Respuesta al párroco. -- La más pequeña abeja. -- El cóndor. -- La canción de los osos. -- Espíritu de pájaro. -- Aves de mar. -- La sirena. -- Un mono

Cuentos de nunca acabar. Aproximaciones desde la interculturalidad

Cuentos de nunca acabar. Aproximaciones desde la interculturalidad, surge después de la pandemia y su imposibilidad de socializar “en persona” con los compañeros de eventuales encuentros, porque la Comprensión Lectora tenía que reinventarse para su nueva reflexión cognitiva, adaptación contextual y reconstrucción del conocimiento. Este renovado enfoque de la realidad postpandemia, concebido en el marco de la educación intercultural comunitaria, busca potencializar los entornos naturales, sociales y culturales como recursos de aprendizaje multidisciplinario a través del lenguaje animado de los cuentos. En este marco, había que dinamizar la asignatura de Comunicación Oral y Escrita, que se dicta en los Primeros Niveles de los Centros de Apoyo de Otavalo, Cayambe, Latacunga y Riobamba, mediante un eje transversal donde los estudiantes escriban fundamentados en valores de la cosmovisión andina, considerando que provienen de varios lugares de la sierra y amazonía ecuatoriana. Todo surgió del encuentro presencial de un sábado cualquiera donde los estudiantes realizaban ejercicios narrativos, logrando una apreciable respuesta de imaginación, más emotiva que la clásica tarea de las Unidades, tanto así que, pasados unos días, seguían llegando sus escritos a mi correo. Entonces nos pusimos manos a la obra, cada estudiante tendría dos opciones como Actividad Integradora, la primera consistía en escribir un cuento de su propia inspiración, y la segunda analizar un clásico para comentar sus valores y antivalores. La mayor parte de estudiantes decidió escribir su propio cuento, de donde se escogieron algunas participaciones que podrían considerarse originales, para una edición que, respetando la transcripción de la tradición oral que prima en los sectores comunitarios, nos concretamos en revisar la puntuación y ortografía para publicarlos. Con esto buscamos innovar la Actividad Integradora, por algo más práctico y operativo para configurar los Objetos de Aprendizaje que buscamos. Así nació, en medio del camino, este libro de Cuentos de nunca acabar. Aproximaciones desde la interculturalidad, que ponemos en sus manos. Hernán Hermosa Mantilla Quito, junio de 202

Instability of miRNA and cDNAs derivatives in RNA preparations

Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are small RNA molecules, which function as important regulators of gene expression. We found that RNA preparation methods commonly utilized for miRNA expression studies yield highly unstable miRNAs. We studied the stability of four miRNAs belonging to different miRNAs families. A significant degradation of these molecules may be observed already three days after RNA isolation. Moreover, the respective cDNAs are highly unstable as well. Our findings indicate that instability of miRNAs and their cDNAs should be considered when designing miRNA expression studies

Estimation of carbon-dioxide production during cycling by using a set-membership observer

International audienceThis paper presents a set-membership observer for the estimation of carbon dioxide production during cycling. The observer uses measurements of oxygen consumption and power at pedal level together with a discrete-time linear model of gas exchange dynamics. The real process is assumed to be disturbed by unknown but bounded disturbances. The proposed observer provides a deterministic interval which contains the real state. Since the excess of carbon dioxide production is linked to the overtake of the anaerobic threshold, the observer can be applied to predict the physiological state of the cyclist by using a reduced number of gas exchange sensors. The methodology is illustrated and validated using experimental data

Estimation of carbon-dioxide production during cycling by using a set-membership observer

International audienceThis paper presents a set-membership observer for the estimation of carbon dioxide production during cycling. The observer uses measurements of oxygen consumption and power at pedal level together with a discrete-time linear model of gas exchange dynamics. The real process is assumed to be disturbed by unknown but bounded disturbances. The proposed observer provides a deterministic interval which contains the real state. Since the excess of carbon dioxide production is linked to the overtake of the anaerobic threshold, the observer can be applied to predict the physiological state of the cyclist by using a reduced number of gas exchange sensors. The methodology is illustrated and validated using experimental data