Análisis de los documentos preventivos, su eficacia en la integración de la seguridad y salud en el proceso constructivo y su incidencia en los accidentes laborales

En la actualidad la historia vuelve a repetirse, introduciéndose cambios que agravan la situación. Los problemas se encuentran íntimamente ligados con la estructura del proceso constructivo, con la ausencia de formación profesional, con el ritmo de la ejecución de las obras, con la falta de procesos destinados a eliminar los riesgos, con la convivencia entre arcaicos métodos y tecnologías avanzadas, y sin olvidar los problemas de financiación y formas de contratación. La presente comunicación pretende analizar como a través de los documentos preventivos, descritos y definidos en la norma, la integración de la prevención y de la seguridad en las obras de construcción puede conseguirse y su incidencia en los accidentes laborales.Consejo General de la Arquitectura Técnica de Españ

BvCOLD1: A novel aquaporin from sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) involved in boron homeostasis and abiotic stress

[EN] In this report we have identified BvCOLD1, a novel aquaporin from sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) which is only conserved in the Chenopodioideae family. BvCOLD1 is expressed in all plant organs investigated and located in the endoplasmic reticulum. Transport experiments in yeast indicated that BvCOLD1 is able to transport glycerol and boron, the most limiting oligoelement for sugar beet cultivation. Overexpression of BvCOLD1 in Arabidopsis thaliana plants conferred tolerance to cold, to different abiotic stresses and the ability to grow under boron limiting conditions, therefore this novel aquaporin may be an important target to design new crops with enhanced boron homeostasis and abiotic stress tolerance.Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad, Grant/Award Number: BIO2016-77776-P; Secretaria de Estado de Investigacion, Desarrollo e Innovacion, Grant/Award Number: AGL2013-47886-R; Direccion General Investigacion Cientifica; MINECO, Grant/Award Numbers: BIO2014-61826 and BIO2016-77776-P; Universitat Politecnica de Valencia, Grant/Award Number: PAID-06-10-1496Porcel, R.; Bustamante-González, AJ.; Ros, R.; Serrano Salom, R.; Mulet, JM. (2018). BvCOLD1: A novel aquaporin from sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) involved in boron homeostasis and abiotic stress. 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CDIO Experiences in Biomedical Engineering: Preparing Spanish Students for the Future of Medicine and Medical Device Technology

Biomedical engineering is one of the more recent fields of engineering, aimed at the application of engineering principles, methods and design concepts to medicine and biology for healthcare purposes, mainly as a support for preventive, diagnostic or therapeutic tasks. Biomedical engineering professionals are expected to achieve, during their studies and professional practice, considerable knowledge of both health sciences and engineering. Studying biomedical engineering programmes, or combining pre-graduate studies in life sciences with graduate studies in engineering, or vice versa, are typical options for becoming qualified biomedical engineering professionals, although there are additional interesting alternatives, to be discussed. According to our experience, the graduates and post-graduates from multidisciplinary engineering programmes, not just from biomedical engineering, but also from more traditional fields including industrial, mechanical and telecommunications engineering, can play varied and very relevant roles in the biomedical industry and in extremely complex biomedical device development projects. In spite of the different ways of becoming a professional of the biomedical engineering field, it is true that their impact as successful professionals can be importantly increased, by means of an adequate integration into their curricula of fundamental biomedical engineering design concepts, methodologies and good practices, applied to the development of biomedical devices. In this study we present the complete development and comparative study of three courses, belonging to different plans of study taught at the Technical University of Madrid and benefiting from using a CDIO approach focused on the development of biomedical devices. The three courses are “Development of Medical Devices”, “Bioengineering Design” and “Biomedical Engineering”, respectively belonging to the “Bachelor’s Degree in Biomedical Engineering”, to the “Master’s Degree in Industrial Engineering” and to the “Master’s Degree in Mechanical Engineering”. During the courses, groups of students live through the development process of different biomedical devices aimed at providing answers to relevant social needs. Depending on their background and European credits assigned to the different courses, students carry out more conceptual projects or are able to live through more complete CDIO experiences. Main benefits, lessons learned and future challenges, linked to these courses, are analyzed, taking account of the results from 2014-2015 academic year

Regulation of insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in rat white adipose tissue upon chronic central leptin infusion: effects on adiposity

Copyright (2011) The Endocrine Society .The paper can be found at the following URL on the website http://endo.endojournals.org

Effect of temperature, pH, β- and HP-β-CDs on the solubility and stability of flavanones: naringenin and hesperetin

Naringenin and hesperetin are two of the most abundant flavanones found in citrus with beneficial effects on human health. However, their poor water solubility imposes considerable limitations to their use in functional foods or nutraceuticals development. In order to increase their aqueous solubility and find a new stable system, the effect of different factors as temperature, pH or complexation agents as cyclodextrins has been studied. The solubility of both flavanones increased exponentially with temperature (25-90 ºC): 10-fold in the case of naringenin and 20-fold for hesperetin. The solubility of both flavanones also increased with the media pH (3.5-8.5): 314-fold in the case of naringenin and 3.5-fold for hesperetin. Flavanones solubility also increased with β- or HP-β-CDs concentration. By the addition of β-CDs 13 mM naringenin solubility increased 9.3-fold and hesperetin solubility 30-fold. Using HP-β-CDs 100 mM naringenin solubility increased 143-fold and hesperetin 467-fold. In summary, the higher increase in naringenin solubility was reached by increasing pH up 8.5. However, in the case of hesperetin, the higher increase was obtained by complexation with HP-β-CDs 100 mM. Moreover, the presence of CDs, not only increased the aqueous solubility of flavanones, but also improved the stability of hesperetin at pHs 3.5 and 6.5.Ciencias de la Alimentació

Protective effect of cyclodextrins on the quality parameters of roast preserved pepper

Total phenolics (TP), vitamin C, antioxidant activity and colour of preserved peppers were evaluated at 4, 25 and 50 C storage during 30-day intervals. Except for 4 C, TP decreased during storage at 25 C and 50 C, being softer for fortified samples with b-CDs. The protective effect was evident, since 50 C samples containing b-CDs exhibited lower TP loss (19%) than control samples (38%) for 5 months storage. A decrease in the vitamin C content was observed for both samples as time and temperature progressed. In samples stored at 50 C the protective effect of b-CD only was evident at the first month, since fortified samples showed lower vitamin C loss (10%) than control samples. The fortified samples with b-CDs exhibited lowest antioxidant activity loss (40%) during 90-day storage at 50 C, than control samples (64%). The colour changes were in line with those observed for total phenolics and at the end of study, the presence of 1% b-CDs delayed the darkening of samples at both (25 and 50 C) storage conditions.Ciencias de la Alimentació

A proposal for improving safety in construction projects by strengthening coordinators’ competencies in health and safety issues

The figure of the coordinator in health and safety issues in the construction sector first appeared in our legislation through the incorporation of the European Directives (in our case Royal Decree 1627/97 on the minimum health and safety regulations in construction works), and is viewed differently in different countries of the European Union regarding the way they are hired and their role in the construction industry. Coordinating health and safety issues is also a management process that requires certain competencies that are not only based on technical or professional training, but which, taking account of the work environment, require the use of strategies and tools that are related to experience and personal skills. Through a piece of research that took account of expert opinions in the matter, we have found which competencies need to be possessed by the health and safety coordinator in order to improve the safety in the works they are coordinating. The conclusions of the analyses performed using the appropriate statistical methods (comparing means and multivariate analysis techniques), will enable training programmes to be designed and ensure that the health and safety coordinators selected have the competencies required to carry out their duties

Pulsed light for a cleaner dyeing industry: azo dye degradation by an advanced oxidation process driven by pulsed light

Water pollution by wastewater containing dyes is an environmental issue that can be mitigated by the use of advanced oxidation processes (AOP). Pulsed light (PL) is an emerging food processing technology that uses eco-friendly lamps and can potentially be adapted as light source of an UV-based AOP. In the present work, a PL/H2O2 process was tested for the decolourization of two azo dyes, and a pulsed light/H2O2/ferrioxalate process was tested for the decolourization of one azo dye. The efficiency of the PL/H2O2 process in a batch reactor under different parametric values: dye concentration, pH, H2O2 and salt doses was followed by spectrophotometry and fitted to first-order kinetics; and several degradation products were detected. In the PL/H2O2 process, decolourization rates increased at low dye concentrations and high H2O2 doses, were pH-dependent and were inhibited by the addition of NaCl, Na2SO3 or Na2CO3. More than 50 % decolouration was achieved with the PL/H2O2 process for both dyes after applying 54 J/cm2 (25 light pulses). The PL/H2O2/ferrioxalate process achieved > 95 % decolouration for Methyl orange when applying 21 J/cm2 (10 pulses); that level of energy can be supplied by PL commercial systems in nine and four seconds respectively. No known toxic degradation products were detected. Results show that a PL/H2O2 process has potential to be used for the efficient degradation of dyes from wastewater. Furthermore, the efficacy of this process can be improved by the use of ferrioxalate. PL technology could become an alternative light source to contribute to decrease the environmental impact of wastewater produced by the dyeing industry.Ciencias de la Alimentació

Expectativas de permanencia de los inmigrantes de la provincia de Barcelona

En las últimas décadas se ha producido un importante movimiento migratorio de población extranjera en el territorio español. A raíz de esta gran corriente, el objetivo del presente trabajo consiste en la identificación de los factores que están relacionados con la intención de permanecer indefinidamente en la provincia de Barcelona. Para ello se ha estudiado una muestra de 1550 inmigrantes residentes en la provincia de Barcelona, aunque sólo se ha trabajado con los grupos mayoritarios de inmigrantes, como son los procedentes de Norte de África (n = 548) y de Centro y Sudamérica (n = 662). Entre los meses de julio y noviembre de 2002 se les administró un cuestionario de 32 ítems elaborado por el Ministerio de Trabajo y Asuntos Sociales con alguna modificación del Departament de Benestar i Familia de la Generalitat de Catalunya. A partir de un análisis de regresión logística realizado se puede concluir que el modelo ajustado para los inmigrantes procedentes del Norte de África presenta unos valores de sensibilidad y especificidad adecuados (70.7% y 75.4% respectivamente), en tanto que para el modelo ajustado entre los inmigrantes procedentes de Centro y Sudamérica la sensibilidad es muy baja (32.5%), por lo que cuestiona la adecuación del mismo. En el modelo ajustado para los inmigrantes procedentes del Norte de África, las variables que ayudan a predecir la permanencia en la provincia de Barcelona son: tiempo que llevan en Cataluña, lugar de residencia, con quien convive, dominio catalán escrito, documentación de residencia, sector de actividad donde trabaja, haber recibido cursos de catalán y haber recibido cursos de castellan

Removing of Direct Red 83:1 using α- and HP-α-CDs polymerized with epichlorohydrin: Kinetic and equilibrium studies

The adsorption properties of two cyclodextrin-epichlorohydrin polymers to remove Direct Red 83:1 textile dye from wastewater solutions was evaluated. Adsorption studies were performed in a batch reactor, and the efficiency of the polymers under different parametric values such as contact time, adsorbent dosage, initial dye concentration, pH of initial solution and temperature was followed by spectrophotometry. Both Langmuir and Freundlich equations were used to fit the equilibrium isotherms and the kinetic data were analyzed by the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models. Adsorption process follows a pseudo-second-order kinetic and was influenced by intraparticle diffusion model, dye concentration and contact time, reaching equilibrium within the first 30 min. Experimental data were better fitted to Freundlich isotherm model than to Langmuir and Temkin isotherms. Since about 93% of dye removal was achieved under optimized conditions, the α-cyclodextrin-epichlorohydrin polymer seems to be a useful device for removing Direct Red 83:1 from aqueous solutions and industrial effluents.Ciencias Ambientale