Leibniz seminorms in probability spaces

In this paper we study the (strong) Leibniz property of centered moments of bounded random variables. We shall answer a question raised by M. Rieffel on the non-commutative standard deviation.Comment: 10 page

Judiciary and State-Building of Kosovo: Execution of Imprisonment for Women in the Republic of Kosovo

Historically it is known that criminal offenses made by females are in lower level than the criminal offenses made by males. However, regardless of gender, it is important to note that for the perpetrators of criminal offenses have also been created the legal basis, and earlier has been used also the customary law, in order to sanction these criminal offenses. But, the main problem throughout the history of mankind has been that through the execution of these sanctions is the re-socialization of those persons achieved, especially for the females, as well as the issue of the physical aspect of the place, where the females should be held, in special prisons or together with other perpetrators of criminal offenses. When considering the penitentiary system in Kosovo, especially for the females, who are in one way or another in a position that has committed a crime and punished with sentence in prison, then from the moment of commencement of serving the sentence, they should be sent to a special prison for women in Kosovo, which is also known as the Lipjan Prison, which is located around 15 kilometers from the capital of Kosovo - Pristina. In this paper, we will try to elaborate the historical aspect of the development of the prison for women during the state-building of Kosovo, then the legal basis on which the sentence is served, and by not forgetting without studying and presenting most of the aspects, which are related to the functioning of the single prison for women during the state-building of the Republic of Kosovo

DEVELOPMENT OF THE ACCOUNTING PROFESSION IN ALBANIA IN THE NEW ERA OF MARKET ECONOMY

In this paper we give an overview of the most important developments that the accounting profession has experienced ever since Albania switched from a closed economy to an open market one. We put forth a discussion about the factors that recently seem to represent major challenges for the accountants. We identify as two of the most important and emergent challenges the technology innovations and the globalization trend in accounting and financial reporting. Since computers began to be widely used in industry the impact of technology has been strong on the way that the accounting transactions are processed and on the financial and fiscal reporting. The use of computerized accounting software is constantly rising and more and more complex packages customized for the specific need of the domestic companies are being developed in Albania. This has presented an ever increasing need for more trainings and specializations of accountants in information and communication technology. Another important development is the globalization of accounting and financial reporting. The implementation of the new National Accounting Standards in Albania in 2008 fully complying with the IAS/IFRS, presents a major change in the accounting environment in Albania. We conclude the paper with some recommendations about several actions that might be taken to smooth the effects of these latest changes and challenges that the accountants are facing.internal audit, efficiency, effectiveness, risk audit, system audit, performance audit, regularity audit

AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY AND PARCEL MAPPING FOR IMMOVABLE PROPERTY REGISTRATION IN ALBANIA

Planimetric map production is a basic graphic documentation element of the Immovable Property Registration System in Albania and is one of the main objectives of the Land Market Action Plan. This paper focuses on the implementation of photogrammetry program mapping of index maps for the registration system being developed for Albania. Photogrammetric work occupies an important place among the well-known methods of mapping. Methods for various types of map production based on aerial information are being developed. Analytical photogrammetry is completed theoretically, on an advanced technological base and with hands-on experience in all phases. At present, photogrammetry and remote sensing is changing from analog to digital, from aerial to space-based imaging/mapping, from local to global concepts, and from manually managed to computerized information systems such as the geographic information system. It is not always possible for technology to change from the old to the new. This depends on economic and financial possibilities, on existing technological bases, and, more importantly, on efficiency of the new technology to resolve the problem. In a lot of cases, analogical equipment has been adapted using various types of alterations in order to process as much information as possible and gradually to pass on to higher levels of technology. This paper examines the way aerial photography has been used for surveying in Albania.Aerial photography in land use--Albania, Land titles--Registration and transfer--Albania, Aerial photogrammetry--Albania, Land Economics/Use,

Education in occupational health psychology: Where have we been, where are we now and where are we going?

At the first full conference of the European Academy of Occupational Health Psychology (Lund, 1999), the decision was ratified to organise activities around three fora. These together represented the pillars on which the European Academy had been founded that same year: education, research and professional practice. Each forum was convened by a chair person and a small group of full members; it was agreed that a forum meeting would take place at each full conference and working groups would be established to move developments forward between conferences. The forum system has proven an effective means by which to channel the energies of individual members, and the institutions that they represent, towards advancements in all three areas of activity in occupational health psychology (OHP) in Europe. During the meeting of the education forum at the third full European Academy conference (Barcelona, 2001), the proposal was made for the establishment of a working party that would be tasked with the production of a strategy document on The Promotion of Education in Occupational Health Psychology in Europe. The proposal was ratified at the subsequent annual business meeting held during the same conference. The draft outline of the strategy document was published for consultation in the European Academy’s e-newsletter (Vol. 3.1, 2002) and the final document presented to the meeting of the education forum at the fourth full conference (Vienna, 2002). The strategy document constituted a seminal piece of literature in so far as it provided a foundation and structure capable of guiding pan-European developments in education in OHP – developments that would ensure the sustained growth of the discipline and assure it of a long-standing embedded place in both the scholarly and professional domains. To these ends, the strategy document presented six objectives as important for the sustained expansion and the promotion of education in the discipline in Europe. Namely, the development of: [1] A core syllabus for education in occupational health psychology [2] A mechanism for identifying, recognising and listing undergraduate and postgraduate modules and courses (programmes) in occupational health psychology [3] Structures to support the extension of the current provision of education in occupational health psychology [4] Ways of enhancing convergence of the current provision of education in occupational health psychology [5] Ways of encouraging regional cooperation between education providers across the regions of Europe [6] Ways of ensuring consistency with North American developments in education and promoting world wide co-operation in education Five years has elapsed since the presentation of these laudable objectives to the meeting of the education forum in Vienna in December 2002. In that time OHP has undergone considerable growth, particularly in Europe and North America. Expansion has been reflected in the evolution of existing, and emergence of new, representative bodies for the discipline on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean. As such, it might be considered timely to pause to reflect on what has been achieved in respect of each of the objectives set out in the strategy document. The current chapter examines progress on the six objectives and considers what remains to be done. This exercise is entered into not merely in order to congratulate achievements in some areas and lament slow progress in others. Rather, on the one hand it serves to highlight areas where real progress has been made with a view to the presentation of these areas as ripe for further capitalisation. On the other hand it serves to direct the attention of stakeholders (all those with a vested interest in OHP) to those key parts of the jigsaw puzzle that is the development of a self-sustaining pan-European education framework which remain to be satisfactorily addressed