Evaluation of Genotoxic and Cytotoxic Effects in Human Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes Exposed In Vitro to Neonicotinoid Insecticides News

Calypso (thiacloprid), Poncho (clothianidin), Gaucho (imidacloprid), and Jade (imidacloprid) are commercial neonicotinoid insecticides, a new class of agrochemicals in México. However, genotoxic and cytotoxic studies have not been performed. In the present study, human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) were exposed in vitro to different concentrations of the four insecticides. The genotoxic and cytotoxic effects were evaluated using the alkaline comet and trypan blue dye exclusion assays. DNA damage was evaluated using two genotoxicity parameters: tail length and comet frequency. Exposure to 9.5 × 10−6 to 5.7 × 10−5 M Jade; 2.8 × 10−4 to 1.7 × 10−3 M Gaucho; 0.6 × 10−1 to 1.4 × 10−1 M Calypso; 1.2 × 10−1 to 9.5 × 10−1 M Poncho for 2 h induced a significant increase DNA damage with a concentration-dependent relationship. Jade was the most genotoxic of the four insecticides studied. Cytotoxicity was observed in cells exposed to 18 × 10−3 M Jade, 2.0 × 10−3 M Gaucho, 2.0 × 10−1 M Calypso, 1.07 M Poncho, and cell death occurred at 30 × 10−3 M Jade, 3.3 × 10−3 M Gaucho, 2.8 × 10−1 M Calypso, and 1.42 M Poncho. This study provides the first report of genotoxic and cytotoxic effects in PBL following in vitro exposure to commercial neonicotinoid insecticides

Mejora de la docencia en Bioquímica Aplicada y Clínica: desarrollo de una revista digital sobre investigación en Medicina Molecular elaborado por los alumnos y puesta en marcha de la metodología didáctica mediante clases invertidas

Sección Deptal. de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular (Farmacia)Fac. de FarmaciaFALSEsubmitte

Bioavailability and systemic transport of oleanolic acid in humans, formulated as a functional olive oil

14 Páginas.-- 6 Figuras.-- 2 TablasEvidence of the pharmacological activity of oleanolic acid (OA) suggests its potential therapeutic application. However, its use in functional foods, dietary supplements, or nutraceuticals is hindered by limited human bioavailability studies. The BIO-OLTRAD trial is a double-blind, randomized controlled study with 22 participants that received a single dose of 30 mg OA formulated as a functional olive oil. The study revealed that the maximum serum concentration of OA ranged from 500 to 600 ng mL-1, with an AUC0-∞ value of 2862.50 ± 174.50 ng h mL-1. Furthermore, we discovered a physiological association of OA with serum albumin and triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRL). UV absorption spectra showed conformational changes in serum albumin due to the formation of an adduct with OA. Additionally, we demonstrated that TRL incorporate OA, reaching a maximum concentration of 140 ng mL-1 after 2-4 hours. We conjecture that both are efficient carriers to reach target tissues and to yield high bioavailability.This research is part of the R+D+i project PID2019-107837RB-I00, funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation/Spanish National Research Agency, grant number MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/. A. G.-G. is grateful for funding received from the “Next Generation EU” funds, the European Union through the Recovery, Transformation and Resilience Plan and by the Ministry of Universities, in the framework of the Margarita Salas, Maria Zambrano grants for the Requalification of the Spanish University System 2021–2023, organized by the Pablo de Olavide University, Seville. J. J. R.-M. obtained an Erasmus+ scholarship (No. 2021-1-IT02-KA131-HED-000008483) from the University of Sassari (ITALY), for a stay at the Department of Food and Health of the Instituto de la Grasa-CSIC. The authors especially thank the ACESUR Group (Dos Hermanas, Seville, Spain), which donated the commercial olive oil for the trial. This collaborator had no role in the design, collection, analysis or interpretation of the data or in the decision to submit the manuscript for publication.Peer reviewe

Historia geológica y reconstrucción paleobiológica de los depósitos paleontológicos de la playa de El Confital (Gran Canaria, islas Canarias)

XXXIV Jornadas de Paleontología y IV Congreso Ibérico de Paleontología (Vila Real, Portugal. Sep 2018) p. 491-499El archipiélago canario está situado cerca de la costa NO de África y es de naturaleza volcánica. Fuerteventura y Lanzarote son las islas más antiguas del archipiélago (23 y 15 Ma aproximadamente) seguidas por Gran Canaria (14 Ma), siendo en estas tres islas solamente donde vamos a encontrar depósitos fosilíferos pertenecientes a las series Mioceno y Plioceno (Meco et al., 2015). El episodio MIS5e (Eemiense), por el contrario, podemos encontrarlo en todas las islas (Meco et al., 2002; Zazo et al., 2003; Martín-González et al., 2016). Este trabajo se centra en el estudio de los depósitos fosilíferos asociados a ambos periodos que aparecen en la playa de El Confital, en la isla de Gran Canaria Los afloramientos se encuentran al suroeste de La Isleta, un islote eminentemente volcánico situado en el extremo NE de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria unido al edificio insular principal por un tómbolo de arena, el istmo de Guanarteme. Se trata de una plataforma litoral activa modelada sobre piroclastos de origen hidromagmático (Hansen, 2008), que ha sido alterada antrópicamente en tiempos recientes. Las Palmas de Gran Canaria constituye uno de los escasos ejemplos en los que se pueden observar yacimientos paleontológicos de diferentes edades. En la parte alta de la ciudad se encuentra la Formación Detrítica de Las Palmas, de edad Mio-Plioceno, que contiene una importante asociación fosilífera estudiada por diferentes autores (Rothpletz & Simonelli, 1890; Meco et al., 2007; Betancort, 2012; Martín-González et al., 2018); mientras que en la zona baja se encuentran los afloramientos pertenecientes al episodio transgresivo marino MIS5e (Meco et al., 2002). En la playa de El Confital podemos encontrar, en ambos extremos, los yacimientos del Eemiense, al sur, cuyo estudio paleontológico y estratigráfico preliminar fue realizado por Cabrera (1987) y del Mioceno, al noroeste, donde Meco et al. (2015) citan por primera vez la existencia del nivel con Ostrea offretti Linnaeus. En este trabajo realizamos un análisis volcano-estratigráfico y paleontológico integral de la playa de El Confital con el fin de reconstruir la evolución temporal de la fauna fosilizada en esta zona.Museo de Ciencias Naturales (MCN). OAMCÁrea de Paleontología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de La LagunaDpto. de Geologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de LisboaCIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Pólo dos AçoresInstituto Dom Luiz, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de LisboaUnidad Territorial de Canarias, Instituto Geológico y Minero de España (IGME)IOCAG. Instituto de Oceanografía y Cambio Global. Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran CanariaTELLUS. Arqueología y Prehistoria en el Sur de Iberia. HUM-949Department of Geosciences, Williams CollegeDpto. de Geografía. Universidad de La LagunaÁrea de Patrimonio Geológico y Minero, Instituto Geológico y Minero de España (IGME).Área de Geología. Universidad Rey Juan Carlo

Marc de referència sobre la COMPETÈNCIA DE RESPONSABILITAT ÈTICA a la universitat

Aquesta guia s'ha elaborat en el marc del projecte Diagnosi, disseny i avaluació de pràctiques docents per al desenvolupament de la Competència de Responsabilitat Ètica en el marc dels Objectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible de la convocatòria de Projectes d'Innovació i de Millora de la Qualitat Docent 2020 de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona.Aquest document va adreçat principalment a professorat i té dos propòsits. En primer lloc, promoure i facilitar la reflexió sobre aquest aprenentatge en l'àmbit universitari, en particular, en les assignatures que conformen els graus i els postgraus. En segon lloc, oferir uns quants recursos per poder posar-se a la feina. Així doncs, no es presenten receptes ni directrius a seguir; en darrer terme, aquí només es vol mostrar que, a l'ensenyament superior, la tasca és alhora oportuna i possible

Hacia la innovación en la gestión y docencia en las asignaturas del practicum del MUPES (Máster Universitario en Profesor de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria, Bachillerato, Formación Profesional y Enseñanzas de Idiomas)

Memoria ID-0129. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2016-2017

Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio

Quantitative size classification of scoria cones: the case of Tenerife (Canary Islands, Spain)

Monogenetic volcanoes are the most abundant volcanic structures on the Earth's surface. Thousands of them exist in different tectonic contexts (e.g., subduction zones, intraplate areas, and divergent boundaries), appearing in groups forming volcanic fields. Tenerife, the largest and highest island of the Canarian archipelago, started to form about 14 million years ago (Ma), as a result of a complex eruptive history and a varied geomorphological evolution, including shield-building stages, volcanic rifts, stratovolcanoes, and monogenetic cones. Tenerife is an active, volcanic, oceanic island, where the last eruption occurred in 1909. In this paper, we propose a methodology for calculating the size of monogenetic basaltic volcanoes based on morphometric parameters, as well as a classification of the size of the volcanoes through the study of 297 scoria cones of Tenerife. Morphometric techniques, based mainly on height (Hco), volume (Vco), and area (Aco), were used together with correlations between different morphological parameters. The result is a simple quantitative classification, easy to use for estimating the size of monogenetic volcanoes. Of the monogenetic basaltic volcanoes of Tenerife, 98.98% fit into this classification, which distinguishes between large (Hco >200; Vco >0.1; Aco >0.5), medium (Hco >100 to 0.01 to 0.2 to <0.5), and small (Hco <100; Vco <0.01; Aco <0.2) volcanoes. There is a strong correlation between the size of cinder cones and their age: the more recent scoria cones are smaller in size than the older ones. This relationship supports suggestions by other researchers that eruptions have decreased in magnitude and the volume of available magma has become smaller. The results obtained by calculating the size of the scoria cones of Tenerife make possible the extrapolation of this technique to other insular or continental monogenetic volcanic fieldsUniversity of Tennessee, Estados UnidosInstituto Volcanológico de Canarias, EspañaUnidad de Canarias, Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, Españ

Review of Submarine Eruptions in El Hierro Prior to Tagoro

[EN] Hydrovolcanism, resulting from the interaction of magma with water, is a frequent volcanic process found in many geotectonic settings and fundamental in the growth of oceanic islands. Examples of shallow to intermediate-depth hydrovolcanic activity are frequent in the Canary Islands and characterise volcanism from the seamount stage and emergent island stage to historical volcanism. We present a review of the existing information on subaqueous shallow and intermediate-depth hydrovolcanic eruptions on El Hierro prior to the 2011–2012 Tagoro hydrovolcanic eruption. New information is provided based on the study of subaerial and intermediate-depth volcanic deposits, as well as on the analysis of possible historical submarine eruptions. Our findings show that there is evidence of several shallow and intermediate-depth submarine eruptions around El Hierro Island, some having occurred in historical times. Knowledge of these eruptions is essential not only to better understand the evolution of the island, to establish future coastal and submarine eruptive scenarios, but also to improve volcanic risk analysis. This work highlights the fact that, when dealing with volcanic islands, it is essential to include not only the coastline as a boundary, but also to consider the subaerial and submarine part of the islands in a continuous fashion, always taking into account sea level changes in the past as well as in the future.This research has been funded by the Canarian Agency for Research, Innovation, and Society of Information (ACIISI) under the Government of the Canary Islands through the project LIGCANARIAS (ProID2017010159).Peer reviewe