Ab initio energetics and kinetics study of H2 and CH4 in the SI clathrate hydrate

We present ab initio results at the density functional theory level for the energetics and kinetics of H2 and CH4 in the SI clathrate hydrate. Our results complement a recent article by some of the authors [G.Román-Pérez et.al., Phys.Rev.Lett. 105, 145901 (2010)] in that we show additional results of the energy landscape of H2 and CH 4 in the various cages of the host material, as well as further results for energy barriers for all possible diffusion paths of H2 and CH4 through the water framework. We also report structural data of the low-pressure phase SI and the higher-pressure phases SII and S

New better design for water-water heat pumps

In air conditioning facilities most of the energy consumption corresponds to the thermal production, this being heat and cold. It depends on many factors, one of the most important in the use of more efficient devices (boilers, chillers and heat pumps)for supply thermal energy. In this work the efficiency of the reversible waterwater heat pumps is analyzed, proposing a new better design that optimizes the nergy consumptiom. This improvement hardly requires modifications at manufacturing, therefore, it could be easily developed by manufacturers

New efficient design for air-air heat pumps

In this work a new design for reversible air-air heat pumps is proposed. This design is based on the inversion of the air flow on the ducts, instead of the refrigerant changeover, as is proposed by ASHRAE. Thanks to this modification it is possible to use any conventional air-air refrigeration machine for air conditioning as a reversible heat pump. The new design is more efficient, especially when a great air quality it is required in the building and therefore a larger amount of outdoor air it is used. Compared with traditional designs it also increases the efficiency as the outdoor temperatures become more extreme. This improvement will make it possible to use heat pumps, with acceptable performances, in more rigorous climates than those in which they are used today

University or labor market: preferences of young people to their future by terminating bachelor studies and professional training

La orientación socio-educativa y la elección de continuar estudiando o insertarse en el mercado laboral es un tema esencial tanto para los estudiantes como para los estamentos educativos. Objetivos: El objetivo de este estudio es describir el área vocacional de interés preferente en alumnos del último año de Bachillerato y Ciclos Formativos de Grado Superior y relacionar esto con el género y área vocacional. Método: Se desarrolla un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal sobre 1164 estudiantes, aplicándosele el CIBAP (Hernández-Franco, 2001). Resultados: Como principales resultados se obtuvo que la mayoría de los participantes procede de Bachillerato. Los participantes masculinos son mayoría en Ciclos Formativos y entre sus preferencias se hallan la investigación técnica, técnica aplicada y deportes. Por otro lado, las participantes femeninas son mayoría en bachillerato y señalan como áreas vocacionales las ciencias de la salud, la enseñanza y la orientación. Conclusiones: Las cifras obtenidas muestran la importancia de generar programas en orientación en cursos anteriores que promuevan el conocimiento de las diversas opciones educativas y laborales, y que intenten paliar en cierto modo la tendencia a seguir teniendo prototipos de índole sexista en la educación.Socio-educational orientation and the choice to continue studying or to be inserted in the labour market are subjects of interest for students and educational establishments. Aims: This study aims to determine the vocational area of preferential interest in students of last year of bachelor’s degree and superior grade of formative course from Granada, as well as to know whether there are relationships between modality of study, gender and vocational areas. Method: A descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out on a sample of 1164 students. Results: As main results it was obtained that the majority of participants comes from bachellor’s degree. In addition, most of male respondents studied superior grades of formative course, being their preferences were technical research, applied technique and sports. On the other hand, most of female respondents studied bachelor’s degree and their preferences were health’s sciences, teaching and orientation. Conclusions: These data show the need to generate programs of orientation in previous courses in order to promote the knowledge of the various educational and labor options, as well as to mitigate the tendency to continue having sexist prototypes in education

Conductas violentas según género y ocio de pantalla en escolares de la provincia de Granada

Aggressive behaviors in schoolchildren represent a phenomenon that generates great concern, because it is in childhood that many aspects of personality begin. Also, multiple studies have shown how these types of behaviors can relate to various factors, such as peer groups, family environment or specific leisure habits. This descriptive and cross - sectional study aims to study the violent behavior of a sample of 530 schoolchildren in the province of Granada, as well as to relate these behaviors to the gender and the leisure time of participants’ screen. An Ad Hoc questionnaire and the Violent Behavior Scale in the School (Little et al., 2003) are used as main instruments. The results reveal higher levels of Manifest of pure and reactive type for the male gender, which could be due to higher levels of impulsivity associated with hormonal factors and sociocultural components. Likewise, a proportional relation between television hours and violent behaviors is obtained, increasing the average values in Manifest and Relational Aggressiveness by increasing the levels of screen leisure; Which demonstrates the negative influence exerted by the abusive use of television in this problematic.Los comportamientos agresivos en escolares representan un fenómeno que genera gran preocupación, pues es en la niñez donde se inician muchos aspectos de la personalidad. Asimismo, múltiples estudios han demostrado como este tipo de conductas pueden relacionares con diversos factores, como son los grupos de pares, el entorno familiar o hábitos de ocio concretos. Este estudio de tipo descriptivo y corte transversal, pretende estudiar las conductas violentas de una muestra de 530 escolares de la provincia de Granada, así como relacionar estos comportamientos con el género y las horas de ocio de pantalla de los participantes. Se utilizan como principales instrumentos un cuestionario Ad Hoc y la Escala de Conductas Violentas en la Escuela (Little, Henrich, Jones y Hawley 2003). Los resultados revelan niveles superiores de Agresividad Manifiesta de tipo puro y reactivo para el género masculino, lo que podría deberse a mayores niveles de impulsividad asociados a factores hormonales y componentes de tipo sociocultural. Asimismo, se obtiene una relación proporcional entre las horas de televisión y las conductas violentas, aumentando los valores medios en Agresividad Manifiesta y Relacional al aumentar los niveles de ocio de pantalla; lo que demuestra la influencia negativa que ejerce el uso abusivo de televisión en esta problemática

Dynamic Intracellular Metabolic Cell Signaling Profiles During Ag-Dependent B-Cell Differentiation

© 2021 Díez, Pérez-Andrés, Bøgsted, Azkargorta, García-Valiente, Dégano, Blanco, Mateos-Gomez, Bárcena, Santa Cruz, Góngora, Elortza, Landeira-Viñuela, Juanes-Velasco, Segura, Manzano-Román, Almeida, Dybkaer, Orfao and Fuentes.Human B-cell differentiation has been extensively investigated on genomic and transcriptomic grounds; however, no studies have accomplished so far detailed analysis of antigen-dependent maturation-associated human B-cell populations from a proteomic perspective. Here, we investigate for the first time the quantitative proteomic profiles of B-cells undergoing antigen-dependent maturation using a label-free LC-MS/MS approach applied on 5 purified B-cell subpopulations (naive, centroblasts, centrocytes, memory and plasma B-cells) from human tonsils (data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD006191). Our results revealed that the actual differences among these B-cell subpopulations are a combination of expression of a few maturation stage-specific proteins within each B-cell subset and maturation-associated changes in relative protein expression levels, which are related with metabolic regulation. The considerable overlap of the proteome of the 5 studied B-cell subsets strengthens the key role of the regulation of the stoichiometry of molecules associated with metabolic regulation and programming, among other signaling cascades (such as antigen recognition and presentation and cell survival) crucial for the transition between each B-cell maturation stage.We gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Spanish Health Institute Carlos III (ISCIII) for the grants: FIS PI14/01538, FIS PI17/01930 and CB16/12/00400. We also acknowledge Fondos FEDER (EU) and Junta Castilla-León (COVID19 grant COV20EDU/00187). Fundación Solórzano FS/38-2017.The Proteomics Unit belongs to ProteoRed, PRB3-ISCIII, supported by grant PT17/0019/0023, of the PE I + D + I 2017-2020, funded by ISCIII and FEDER. AL-V is supported by VIII Centenario-USAL PhD Program. PJ-V is supported by JCYL PhD Program and scholarship JCYL-EDU/601/2020. PD and EB are supported by a JCYL-EDU/346/2013 Ph.D. scholarship

BIM aplicado al patrimonio cultural

La asociación buildingSMART tiene como principal objetivo fomentar la eficacia en el sector de la construcción a través del uso de estándares abiertos de interoperabilidad con la metodología BIM (Building InformationMode-ling). Para ello, cuenta con una estructura de grupos de trabajo a nivel internacional para abordar diferentes cues-tiones al respecto. Sin embargo, en el ámbito del Patrimonio Cultural, no existe en la actualidad una aproximación internacional sobre el uso de BIM, y es por lo que buildingSMART Spanish Chapter ha puesto en marcha un grupo de trabajo abierto, denominado LEGEND–HBIM, y que está centrado en BIM aplicado al Patrimonio Cultural. De este modo, buildingSMART Spanish Chapter continua la laborde promover el uso de la metodología BIM a través de guías como esta, que supone una continuación de las guías uBIM publicadas en el año 2014

Neddylation orchestrates the complex transcriptional and posttranscriptional program that drives Schwann cell myelination

Myelination is essential for neuronal function and health. In peripheral nerves, >100 causative mutations have been identified that cause Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, a disorder that can affect myelin sheaths. Among these, a number of mutations are related to essential targets of the posttranslational modification neddylation, although how these lead to myelin defects is unclear. Here, we demonstrate that inhibiting neddylation leads to a notable absence of peripheral myelin and axonal loss both in developing and regenerating mouse nerves. Our data indicate that neddylation exerts a global influence on the complex transcriptional and posttranscriptional program by simultaneously regulating the expression and function of multiple essential myelination signals, including the master transcription factor EGR2 and the negative regulators c-Jun and Sox2, and inducing global secondary changes in downstream pathways, including the mTOR and YAP/TAZ signaling pathways. This places neddylation as a critical regulator of myelination and delineates the potential pathogenic mechanisms involved in CMT mutations related to neddylation

Neddylation orchestrates the complex transcriptional and posttranscriptional program that drives Schwann cell myelination

Myelination is essential for neuronal function and health. In peripheral nerves, >100 causative mutations have been identified that cause Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, a disorder that can affect myelin sheaths. Among these, a number of mutations are related to essential targets of the posttranslational modification neddylation, although how these lead to myelin defects is unclear. Here, we demonstrate that inhibiting neddylation leads to a notable absence of peripheral myelin and axonal loss both in developing and regenerating mouse nerves. Our data indicate that neddylation exerts a global influence on the complex transcriptional and posttranscriptional program by simultaneously regulating the expression and function of multiple essential myelination signals, including the master transcription factor EGR2 and the negative regulators c-Jun and Sox2, and inducing global secondary changes in downstream pathways, including the mTOR and YAP/TAZ signaling pathways. This places neddylation as a critical regulator of myelination and delineates the potential pathogenic mechanisms involved in CMT mutations related to neddylation

Constraints on the structure and seasonal variations of Triton's atmosphere from the 5 October 2017 stellar occultation and previous observations

Context. A stellar occultation by Neptune's main satellite, Triton, was observed on 5 October 2017 from Europe, North Africa, and the USA. We derived 90 light curves from this event, 42 of which yielded a central flash detection. Aims. We aimed at constraining Triton's atmospheric structure and the seasonal variations of its atmospheric pressure since the Voyager 2 epoch (1989). We also derived the shape of the lower atmosphere from central flash analysis. Methods. We used Abel inversions and direct ray-tracing code to provide the density, pressure, and temperature profiles in the altitude range similar to 8 km to similar to 190 km, corresponding to pressure levels from 9 mu bar down to a few nanobars. Results. (i) A pressure of 1.18 +/- 0.03 mu bar is found at a reference radius of 1400 km (47 km altitude). (ii) A new analysis of the Voyager 2 radio science occultation shows that this is consistent with an extrapolation of pressure down to the surface pressure obtained in 1989. (iii) A survey of occultations obtained between 1989 and 2017 suggests that an enhancement in surface pressure as reported during the 1990s might be real, but debatable, due to very few high S/N light curves and data accessible for reanalysis. The volatile transport model analysed supports a moderate increase in surface pressure, with a maximum value around 2005-2015 no higher than 23 mu bar. The pressures observed in 1995-1997 and 2017 appear mutually inconsistent with the volatile transport model presented here. (iv) The central flash structure does not show evidence of an atmospheric distortion. We find an upper limit of 0.0011 for the apparent oblateness of the atmosphere near the 8 km altitude.J.M.O. acknowledges financial support from the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) and the European Social Fund (ESF) through the PhD grant SFRH/BD/131700/2017. The work leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Community's H2020 2014-2021 ERC grant Agreement nffi 669416 "Lucky Star". We thank S. Para who supported some travels to observe the 5 October 2017 occultation. T.B. was supported for this research by an appointment to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Post-Doctoral Program at the Ames Research Center administered by Universities Space Research Association (USRA) through a contract with NASA. We acknowledge useful exchanges with Mark Gurwell on the ALMA CO observations. This work has made use of data from the European Space Agency (ESA) mission Gaia (https://www.cosmos.esa.int/gaia), processed by the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium (DPAC, https://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/gaia/dpac/consortium).Funding for the DPAC has been provided by national institutions, in particular the institutions participating in the Gaia Multilateral Agreement. J.L.O., P.S.-S., N.M. and R.D. acknowledge financial support from the State Agency for Research of the Spanish MCIU through the "Center of Excellence Severo Ochoa" award to the Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia (SEV-2017-0709), they also acknowledge the financial support by the Spanish grant AYA-2017-84637-R and the Proyecto de Excelencia de la Junta de Andalucia J.A. 2012-FQM1776. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme, under Grant Agreement no. 687378, as part of the project "Small Bodies Near and Far" (SBNAF). P.S.-S. acknowledges financial support by the Spanish grant AYA-RTI2018-098657-J-I00 "LEO-SBNAF". The work was partially based on observations made at the Laboratorio Nacional de Astrofisica (LNA), Itajuba-MG, Brazil. The following authors acknowledge the respective CNPq grants: F.B.-R. 309578/2017-5; R.V.-M. 304544/2017-5, 401903/2016-8; J.I.B.C. 308150/2016-3 and 305917/2019-6; M.A. 427700/20183, 310683/2017-3, 473002/2013-2. This study was financed in part by the Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior -Brasil (CAPES) -Finance Code 001 and the National Institute of Science and Technology of the e-Universe project (INCT do e-Universo, CNPq grant 465376/2014-2). G.B.R. acknowledges CAPES-FAPERJ/PAPDRJ grant E26/203.173/2016 and CAPES-PRINT/UNESP grant 88887.571156/2020-00, M.A. FAPERJ grant E26/111.488/2013 and A.R.G.Jr. FAPESP grant 2018/11239-8. B.E.M. thanks CNPq 150612/2020-6 and CAPES/Cofecub-394/2016-05 grants. Part of the photometric data used in this study were collected in the frame of the photometric observations with the robotic and remotely controlled telescope at the University of Athens Observatory (UOAO; Gazeas 2016). The 2.3 m Aristarchos telescope is operated on Helmos Observatory by the Institute for Astronomy, Astrophysics, Space Applications and Remote Sensing of the National Observatory of Athens. Observations with the 2.3 m Aristarchos telescope were carried out under OPTICON programme. This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 730890. This material reflects only the authors views and the Commission is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained therein. The 1. 2m Kryoneri telescope is operated by the Institute for Astronomy, Astrophysics, Space Applications and Remote Sensing of the National Observatory of Athens. The Astronomical Observatory of the Autonomous Region of the Aosta Valley (OAVdA) is managed by the Fondazione Clement Fillietroz-ONLUS, which is supported by the Regional Government of the Aosta Valley, the Town Municipality of Nus and the "Unite des Communes valdotaines Mont-Emilius". The 0.81 m Main Telescope at the OAVdA was upgraded thanks to a Shoemaker NEO Grant 2013 from The Planetary Society. D.C. and J.M.C. acknowledge funds from a 2017 'Research and Education' grant from Fondazione CRT-Cassa di Risparmio di Torino. P.M. acknowledges support from the Portuguese Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia ref. PTDC/FISAST/29942/2017 through national funds and by FEDER through COMPETE 2020 (ref. POCI010145 FEDER007672). F.J. acknowledges Jean Luc Plouvier for his help. S.J.F. and C.A. would like to thank the UCL student support observers: Helen Dai, Elise Darragh-Ford, Ross Dobson, Max Hipperson, Edward Kerr-Dineen, Isaac Langley, Emese Meder, Roman Gerasimov, Javier Sanjuan, and Manasvee Saraf. We are grateful to the CAHA, OSN and La Hita Observatory staffs. This research is partially based on observations collected at Centro Astronomico HispanoAleman (CAHA) at Calar Alto, operated jointly by Junta de Andalucia and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (IAA-CSIC). This research was also partially based on observation carried out at the Observatorio de Sierra Nevada (OSN) operated by Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia (CSIC). This article is also based on observations made with the Liverpool Telescope operated on the island of La Palma by Liverpool John Moores University in the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias with financial support from the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council. Partially based on observations made with the Tx40 and Excalibur telescopes at the Observatorio Astrofisico de Javalambre in Teruel, a Spanish Infraestructura Cientifico-Tecnica Singular (ICTS) owned, managed and operated by the Centro de Estudios de Fisica del Cosmos de Aragon (CEFCA). Tx40 and Excalibur are funded with the Fondos de Inversiones de Teruel (FITE). A.R.R. would like to thank Gustavo Roman for the mechanical adaptation of the camera to the telescope to allow for the observation to be recorded. R.H., J.F.R., S.P.H. and A.S.L. have been supported by the Spanish projects AYA2015-65041P and PID2019-109467GB-100 (MINECO/FEDER, UE) and Grupos Gobierno Vasco IT1366-19. Our great thanks to Omar Hila and their collaborators in Atlas Golf Marrakech Observatory for providing access to the T60cm telescope. TRAPPIST is a project funded by the Belgian Fonds (National) de la Recherche Scientifique (F.R.S.-FNRS) under grant PDR T.0120.21. TRAPPIST-North is a project funded by the University of Liege, and performed in collaboration with Cadi Ayyad University of Marrakesh. E.J. is a FNRS Senior Research Associate