Snow properties (including grain size, density, depth and isotopic composition), measured in the frame of the citizen science programme "Vecinos de las Nieves" in the semiarid Andes in Chile from 2018 to 2021.

Precipitation that falls as snow at high elevations is one of the principal water sources for the downstream areas in the dry Andes of Central Chile. The last decade was especially dry, with most years showing below-normal annual precipitation - the so-called central Chile megadrought. Together with increased water consumption, the dry conditions have led to considerable water stress. People living in high mountain areas are especially vulnerable to this water scarcity, which raises their awareness and interest in meteorological observations. This dataset contains measurements of fresh snow and rain obtained in the citizen science project Vecinos de las Nieves (Spanish for “snow neighbors”) - a collaboration between scientists and community members who live, work or study in the mountainous sector (above 1100 m asl.) in the Andes mountains of the Coquimbo region, Chile (29°S to 32°S). Since 2018, following each snowfall during the austral Winter (May to August), the volunteers have measured the physical-chemical characteristics of the snow on the ground. Since 2021, the volunteers have also collected rainfall with a manual rain gauge. In total, 21 precipitation events have been documented, with a maximum snow depth of 292 mm at the highest observation site (3110 m asl.). In addition, 25 fresh snow samples from 9 snowfall events have been collected and successfully processed, to derivate stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopes, whose values are in line with the global meteoric line. The program Vecinos de las Nieves has generated new scientific understanding of snow and rain processes during the four winter periods, as well as connected isolated communities in the pursuit of science, and has highlighted the importance of local knowledge and interdisciplinary research in understanding snow dynamics and water availability in this area. Most participants have observed drier conditions in their environment during the last years, with fewer snow events compared to previous years, showing growing concern about the water availability in the future

Carta de Psicología No. 56

Entre los mecanismos de divulgación de la investigación de la Facultad de Psicología se cuenta con la publicación semestral de Carta de Psicología, espacio en el cual se publican artículos cortos resultado de investigaciones desarrolladas en los diferentes escenarios de formación, para visibilizar los productos derivados de los semilleros innovo, de investigación o grupos de estudio; al igual que aquellos derivados de la interacción académica con instituciones de orden nacional e internacional, los derivados de ejercicios de investigación en el aula de clase y de actividades de extensión. Esta publicación parte de un doble reconocimiento: en su comienzo, los artículos científicos fueron epístolas de las comunidades científicas, grupos cercanos de interlocución franca y abierta. En su avance, Carta de Psicología propende por la reflexión y el diálogo a partir del reconocimiento de las experiencias valiosas que construyen universidad y diversidad en la formación, los ejercicios de investigación del aula, los avances de los proyectos de semilleros de investigación, los avances de maestría y doctorado, las voces de los egresados, entre otros, de tal manera que sirva como referencia de lo que hacemos y de lo que somos. Esta filosofía orienta el último desarrollo de la política editorial de Carta de Psicología en cuatro secciones: Investigación formativa, Interacción académica, Investigación de aula y Extensión.Investigación, integración curricular y divulgación como ejes para el cumplimiento de las funciones sustantivas en la Facultad de Psicología. El cambio de la comunicación en las relaciones afectivosexuales debido al uso de las redes sociales. Consumo de sustancias psicoactivas: una problemática juvenil. Flexibilidad cognitiva en el deterioro cognitivo leve. Relación entre clima organizacional y engagement en empleados de Bogotá. Relación entre el estrés y el desempeño laboral: revisión teórica. Percepción del liderazgo transformacional con relación a las variables sociodemográficas de la población colombiana. Programas de Outplacement para trabajadores en relación con su calidad de vida. Violencia sexual y redes sociales. Los juegos en redes y la violencia autoinfligida. El sentido de comunidad y la crisis económica, social y política en Colombia. Consumo de alcohol de estudiantes universitarios antes y durante la pandemia COVID-19. Resultados preliminares. Uso de la tecnología para la aplicación del instrumento para valorar la comprensión de síntesis. Consecuencias de los modelos de pautas de crianza en el desarrollo infantil. La justicia más allá de la equidad: un breve comentario del libro Las fronteras de la justicia, de Martha Nussbaum. Conceptualización y consecuencias del maltrato Infantil Exploración de factores de riesgo y los efectosdel reclutamiento forzado en el desarrollo infantil. Indicadores de aprendizaje para la educación integral de la sexualidad. Instrumento de medición de afectividad y erotismo en trabajadoras sexuales de Bogotá. Toma de decisiones y vida sexual: autocuidado, relaciones afectivas y toma de decisiones en niños/niñas. Convicciones y conductas sobre virginidad. Significado y valor de acuerdo con las diferencias generacionales. Percepción sobre el concepto, situación y vulneración de los derechos humanos en el departamento de Santander, Colombia. Factores que influyen en la vulnerabilidad frente al delito de la trata de personas en estudiantes universitarios de la Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia. Violencia intrafamiliar desde la perspectiva del agresor: un estudio de caso en la cárcel de máxima seguridad de Palogordo de Bucaramanga

The risk of COVID-19 death is much greater and age dependent with type I IFN autoantibodies

International audienceSignificance There is growing evidence that preexisting autoantibodies neutralizing type I interferons (IFNs) are strong determinants of life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia. It is important to estimate their quantitative impact on COVID-19 mortality upon SARS-CoV-2 infection, by age and sex, as both the prevalence of these autoantibodies and the risk of COVID-19 death increase with age and are higher in men. Using an unvaccinated sample of 1,261 deceased patients and 34,159 individuals from the general population, we found that autoantibodies against type I IFNs strongly increased the SARS-CoV-2 infection fatality rate at all ages, in both men and women. Autoantibodies against type I IFNs are strong and common predictors of life-threatening COVID-19. Testing for these autoantibodies should be considered in the general population

The risk of COVID-19 death is much greater and age dependent with type I IFN autoantibodies

International audienceSignificance There is growing evidence that preexisting autoantibodies neutralizing type I interferons (IFNs) are strong determinants of life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia. It is important to estimate their quantitative impact on COVID-19 mortality upon SARS-CoV-2 infection, by age and sex, as both the prevalence of these autoantibodies and the risk of COVID-19 death increase with age and are higher in men. Using an unvaccinated sample of 1,261 deceased patients and 34,159 individuals from the general population, we found that autoantibodies against type I IFNs strongly increased the SARS-CoV-2 infection fatality rate at all ages, in both men and women. Autoantibodies against type I IFNs are strong and common predictors of life-threatening COVID-19. Testing for these autoantibodies should be considered in the general population

Diminishing benefits of urban living for children and adolescents’ growth and development

Optimal growth and development in childhood and adolescence is crucial for lifelong health and well-being1–6. Here we used data from 2,325 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight from 71 million participants, to report the height and body-mass index (BMI) of children and adolescents aged 5–19 years on the basis of rural and urban place of residence in 200 countries and territories from 1990 to 2020. In 1990, children and adolescents residing in cities were taller than their rural counterparts in all but a few high-income countries. By 2020, the urban height advantage became smaller in most countries, and in many high-income western countries it reversed into a small urban-based disadvantage. The exception was for boys in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and in some countries in Oceania, south Asia and the region of central Asia, Middle East and north Africa. In these countries, successive cohorts of boys from rural places either did not gain height or possibly became shorter, and hence fell further behind their urban peers. The difference between the age-standardized mean BMI of children in urban and rural areas was <1.1 kg m–2 in the vast majority of countries. Within this small range, BMI increased slightly more in cities than in rural areas, except in south Asia, sub-Saharan Africa and some countries in central and eastern Europe. Our results show that in much of the world, the growth and developmental advantages of living in cities have diminished in the twenty-first century, whereas in much of sub-Saharan Africa they have amplified