FUNGITOXITY OF Mentha spicata OIL ON THE GROWTH OF FUNGI OF THE GENERA Colletotrichum AND Fusarium

Increasingly, the population has been concerned that the production of these foods is free of pesticide residues, so it is necessary to search for viable and effective alternatives to control pests and diseases. Thus, the use of essential oil from plants with insecticidal and fungicidal potential has been successfully studied. The study aimed to demonstrate the effect of Mentha spicata essential oil on the control of Fusarium and Colletotrichum fungi in vitro. The essential oil of M. spicata used was purchased from the chemical industry Ferquima, being diluted in a 2% Tween 20 solution (being 98 mL of distilled water + 2 mL of Tween 20), which was added in 60 mL of a PDA culture medium, resulting in final essential oil concentrations: 0 ppm; 0.83 ppm; 1.67 ppm; 8.33 ppm, and 16.67 ppm and poured into 90 mm diameter Petri dishes. The evaluations took place periodically every 48 hours for eight days, performing measurements of the diameters of the colonies. The results evidenced that the analyzed fungi, when submitted to treatments of different doses, suffered fungistatic action according to the gradual increase of the doses. Thus, it is possible to conclude that M. spicata oil provided the in vitro growth control of Fusarium sp. and Colletorichum sp.Cada vez mais, a população tem se preocupado que a produção desses alimentos seja livre de resíduos de agrotóxicos, portanto se faz necessário a busca por alternativas viáveis e eficazes para controle de pragas e doenças. Desta forma, a utilização de óleo essencial de plantas com potencial inseticida e fungicida vem sendo estudada com sucesso. O objetivo deste trabalho foi demonstrar o efeito do óleo essencial de Mentha spicata no controle dos fungos dos gêneros Fusarium e Colletotrichum in vitro. O óleo de essencial de M. spicata utilizado, foi adquirido da indústria química Ferquima, sendo diluído em uma solução Tween 20 a 2% (sendo 98 mL de água destilada + 2 mL de Tween 20), que foram adicionados em 60 mL de meio de cultura BDA, resultando nas concentrações finais de óleo essencial: 0 ppm; 0,83 ppm; 1,67 ppm; 8,33 ppm e 16,67 ppm e vertidos em placas de Petri de 90 mm de diâmetro. As avaliações ocorreram periodicamente a cada 48 horas, por 8 dias, realizando medições dos diâmetros das colônias. Os resultados apresentados mostraram que os fungos analisados quando submetidos a tratamentos de diferentes doses, sofreram ação fungistática, de acordo com o aumento gradativo das doses. Assim, é possível concluir que o óleo de M. spicata proporcionou o controle do crescimento in vitro dos fungos Fusarium sp. e Colletorichum sp

Preoperative planning of primary total hip arthroplasty using conventional radiographs

AbstractObjectivethe objective of this study was to present an analog method for preoperative planning of primary total hip arthroplasty procedures based on measuring the components by overlaying the transparencies of the prosthesis on the preoperative radiographs and checking the accuracy, both for predicting the size of the acetabular and femoral components used and for restoring the offset and correcting the dysmetria.Methodsbetween March 2005 and July 2009, 56 primary total hip arthroplasty procedures performed on 56 patients at the Mario Covas State Hospital in Santo André were analyzed. The measurements on the femoral and acetabular components obtained through planning were compared with those that were used in the surgery. The offsets measured through the preoperative planning were compared with those measured on the postoperative radiographs. Dysmetria was evaluated before and after the operation.Resultsaccuracy of 78.6% (p<0.001) in predicting the size of the acetabular component and 82.2% (p<0.001) in predicting the femoral nail was observed. The offsets measured through preoperative planning were statistically similar to the offsets measured on the postoperative radiographs. After the operation, we observed absolute equalization in 48.2% of the cases. In 87.5%, the dysmetria was less than or equal to 1cm and in 69.6%, it was less than or equal to 0.5cm.Conclusionsthe accuracy was 78.6% and 82.2%, respectively, for the acetabular and femoral components. The offsets that were planned preoperatively were statistically similar to those measured on postoperative radiographs. We found absolute equalization in 48.2% of the cases

Eficiencia de la urea con inhibidores de ureasa y nitrificación en la producción de forraje de pasto bermuda

The adoption of strategies aimed at a more efficient use of nitrogen (N) and ontaining hig yields are important to satisfy the demand for food for animals and humans. The Tifton 85 Bermuda grass (Cynodon spp.) is a crop with high productive potential and may be used to create hay, but its culture requires elevated doses of nitrogen. In this sense, the objective of this experiment was to evaluate, in field conditions, the growth and production of Tifton 85 Bermuda grass according to nitrogen doses with urea containing urease and nitrification inhibitors for two agricultural years — eight cycles of forage growth. The treatments were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with three repetitions in a 3x5 factorial scheme. Treatments were: I) urea; II) urea + triamide N-(n-Butyl) thophosphoric (NBPT) urease inhibitor; and III) urea + nitrification inhibitor 3,4-Dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) with N rates (0, 40, 80, 120 and 160 kg ha-1 of N) applied after each growth period. Then, the study proceeded to estimate forage dry mass and N concentrations in dry mass for each of the growth cycles and their sum, as well as the apparent N recovery. N critical levels were set when relative production reached 90%. The use of urease (NBPT) or nitrification (DMPP) inhibitors did not improve the efficiency of urea regarding growth and production of Tifton 85 Bermuda grass. The appropriate dose of nitrogen for Tifton 85 Bermuda grass in a hay production system is 40 kg per ton of dry mass produced in each growth period.La adopción de estrategias destinadas a un uso más eficiente del nitrógeno (N) y la obtención de altos rendimientos son importantes para satisfacer la demanda de alimentos para los animales y seres humanos. El pasto bermuda Tifton 85 (Cynodon spp.) es un cultivo con un alto potencial productivo, que puede utilizarse para la producción de heno, pero es un cultivo que requiere  altas dosis de N. En este sentido, el objetivo de este experimento fue evaluar en condiciones de campo, el crecimiento y la producción del pasto bermuda Tifton 85 en función de las dosis de nitrógeno con urea que contiene ureasa e inhibidor de la nitrificación durante dos años agrícolas, totalizando ocho ciclos de crecimiento de forraje. Los tratamientos fueron evaluados en un diseño de bloques completos al azar con tres repeticiones en un esquema factorial de 3 x 5. Los tratamientos consistiéron en: I) urea; II) urea + triamida N-(n-butil)tiofosfórica (NBPT), inhibidor de la ureasa  y III) urea + inhibidor de la nitrificación (DMPP - 3,4-dimetilpirazol fosfato) y dosis de N (0, 40, 80, 120 y 160 kg ha-1 de N aplicado después de cada período de crecimiento). Posteriormente, se estimo la mass seca de forraje y las concentraciones de N en masa seca (para cada ciclo de crecimiento y suma de los ciclos de crecimiento), así como la recuperación aparente de N. El nivel crítico de N se estableció cuando la producción relativa fue del 90%. El uso del inhibidor de la ureasa (NBPT) o la nitrificación (DMPP) no mejoró la eficiencia de la urea con respecto al crecimiento y la producción de pasto bermuda Tifton 85. La dosis adecuada de nitrógeno para el Tifton 85 en un sistema de producción de heno es de 40 kg por tonelada de masa seca producida en cada período de crecimiento

ANÁLISE DA VIABILIDADE ECONÔMICA DA AGÊNCIA DE INOVAÇÃO DE UMA INSTITUIÇÃO DE ENSINO SUPERIOR

Esta pesquisa apresenta uma análise econômica financeira da Agência de Inovação e Transferência de Tecnologia (AGITTEC) de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior (IES). Com a pretensão de contribuir para o conhecimento científico da área, este artigo foi construído tendo um problema de pesquisa definido emverificar quanto a AGITTEC necessita gerar de receita para que possa ser autofinanciada. Foi sistematizado um protocolo de pesquisa de acordo com o método sistemas dinâmicos condizente com o rigor metodológico exigido. A contribuição desta pesquisa se vincula a realizar uma discussão dos resultados favoráveis e benefícios da relação entre a universidade e agência, que podem se estender para melhoria da competitividade das empresas ao apresentarem um melhor desenvolvimento.O estudo serviu para verificar a que apesar das receitas, existe uma grande dependência da agência em relação aos recursos da IES, sendo cerca de 90% dos seus custos e despesas

Genome-wide signatures of complex introgression and adaptive evolution in the big cats.

The great cats of the genus Panthera comprise a recent radiation whose evolutionary history is poorly understood. Their rapid diversification poses challenges to resolving their phylogeny while offering opportunities to investigate the historical dynamics of adaptive divergence. We report the sequence, de novo assembly, and annotation of the jaguar (Panthera onca) genome, a novel genome sequence for the leopard (Panthera pardus), and comparative analyses encompassing all living Panthera species. Demographic reconstructions indicated that all of these species have experienced variable episodes of population decline during the Pleistocene, ultimately leading to small effective sizes in present-day genomes. We observed pervasive genealogical discordance across Panthera genomes, caused by both incomplete lineage sorting and complex patterns of historical interspecific hybridization. We identified multiple signatures of species-specific positive selection, affecting genes involved in craniofacial and limb development, protein metabolism, hypoxia, reproduction, pigmentation, and sensory perception. There was remarkable concordance in pathways enriched in genomic segments implicated in interspecies introgression and in positive selection, suggesting that these processes were connected. We tested this hypothesis by developing exome capture probes targeting ~19,000 Panthera genes and applying them to 30 wild-caught jaguars. We found at least two genes (DOCK3 and COL4A5, both related to optic nerve development) bearing significant signatures of interspecies introgression and within-species positive selection. These findings indicate that post-speciation admixture has contributed genetic material that facilitated the adaptive evolution of big cat lineages

Alcohol Abuse Promotes Changes in Non-Synaptic Epileptiform Activity with Concomitant Expression Changes in Cotransporters and Glial Cells

Non-synaptic mechanisms are being considered the common factor of brain damage in status epilepticus and alcohol intoxication. the present work reports the influence of the chronic use of ethanol on epileptic processes sustained by non-synaptic mechanisms. Adult male Wistar rats administered with ethanol (1, 2 e 3 g/kg/d) during 28 days were compared with Control. Non-synaptic epileptiform activities (NEAs) were induced by means of the zero-calcium and high-potassium model using hippocampal slices. the observed involvement of the dentate gyrus (DG) on the neurodegeneration promoted by ethanol motivated the monitoring of the electrophysiological activity in this region. the DG regions were analyzed for the presence of NKCC1, KCC2, GFAP and CD11b immunoreactivity and cell density. the treated groups showed extracellular potential measured at the granular layer with increased DC shift and population spikes (PS), which was remarkable for the group E1. the latencies to the NEAs onset were more prominent also for the treated groups, being correlated with the neuronal loss. in line with these findings were the predispositions of the treated slices for neuronal edema after NEAs induction, suggesting that restrict inter-cell space counteracts the neuronal loss and subsists the hyper-synchronism. the significant increase of the expressions of NKCC1 and CD11b for the treated groups confirms the existence of conditions favorable to the observed edematous necrosis. the data suggest that the ethanol consumption promotes changes on the non-synaptic mechanisms modulating the NEAs. for the lower ethanol dosage the neurophysiological changes were more effective suggesting to be due to the less intense neurodegenertation.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Univ Fed Sao Joao del Rei, Dept Engn Biossistemas, Lab Neurociencia Expt & Computac, Sao Joao Del Rei, MG, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista Med, Disciplina Neurol Expt, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Ciencia & Tecnol, Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista Med, Disciplina Fisiol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista Med, Disciplina Neurol Expt, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Ciencia & Tecnol, Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista Med, Disciplina Fisiol, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Turner syndrome, Hashimoto's thyroiditis and Crohn's disease in sisters: case report

A Síndrome de Turner é caracterizada citogeneticamente pela presença de um cromossomo X e perda total ou parcial do segundo cromossomo sexual, ocorrendo em aproximadamente 1:2.130 nascidos vivos do sexo feminino. A Tireoidite de Hashimoto é um distúrbio autoimune decorrente de resposta imune anormal à glândula tireoide, tanto do ponto de vista humoral como celular. A doença de Crohn é uma doença crônica recidivante que afeta todas as partes do tubo digestivo, sendo multifatorial, em que fatores de ordem genética, imunológica e ambientais têm uma relevância preponderante no início e na perpetuação da lesão tecidual imunomediada. O objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar o caso de três pacientes de uma mesma família. Caso 1, primeira gemelar (dizigótica), 8 anos de idade, sexo feminino, com diagnóstico de Tireoidite de Hashimoto. Caso 2 (segunda gemelar), sexo feminino, com o diagnóstico de Síndrome de Turner. Caso 3 (primogênita), sexo feminino, com diagnóstico de Doença de Crohn.&nbsp; Duas filhas de um casal hígido manifestaram doenças autoimunes, as quais têm incidência aumentada na síndrome de Turner. Doenças endócrinas autoimunes possuem mecanismos complexos com a participação de vários fatores, como a susceptibilidade genética, eventos ambientais e resposta autoimune, porém, neste caso, não se encontrou história familiar positiva além da geração estudada. Outros estudos familiares, como este que se propõe, com múltiplos membros acometidos, poderão identificar associações cada vez mais consistentes entre essas doenças, além daquelas ainda não suspeitadas.&nbsp;&nbsp; Palavras-chave: Síndrome de Turner, Tireoidite de Hashimoto, Doença de Crohn, Hereditariedade. ABSTRACT Turner syndrome is characterized cytogenetically by the presence of an X chromosome and total or partial loss of the second sex chromosome, occurring in approximately 1:2,130 live female births. Hashimoto's Thyroiditis is an autoimmune disorder resulting from an abnormal immune response to the thyroid gland, both from a humoral and cellular point of view. Crohn's disease is a chronic recurrent disease that affects all parts of the digestive tract, being multifactorial, in which genetic, immunological and environmental factors have a preponderant relevance at the beginning and the perpetuation of immune-mediated tissue injury. The objective of this study was to report the case of three patients from the same family. Case 1, first twin (dizygotic), 8 years old, female, with diagnosis of Hashimoto's Thyroiditis. Case 2 (second twin), female, with the diagnosis of Turner Syndrome. Case 3 (first-born), female, with diagnosis of Crohn's Disease. Two daughters of a healthy couple have manifested autoimmune diseases, which have an increased incidence in Turner syndrome. Autoimmune endocrine diseases have complex mechanisms with the participation of several factors, such as genetic susceptibility, environmental events and autoimmune response, but in this case, no positive family history was found beyond the generation studied. Other family studies, such as this one proposed, with multiple affected members, will be able to identify increasingly consistent associations between these diseases, in addition to those not yet suspected. Keywords: Turner syndrome, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, Crohn's disease, Heredity

ATLANTIC BIRDS: a data set of bird species from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

South America holds 30% of the world's avifauna, with the Atlantic Forest representing one of the richest regions of the Neotropics. Here we have compiled a data set on Brazilian Atlantic Forest bird occurrence (150,423) and abundance samples (N = 832 bird species; 33,119 bird individuals) using multiple methods, including qualitative surveys, mist nets, point counts, and line transects). We used four main sources of data: museum collections, on-line databases, literature sources, and unpublished reports. The data set comprises 4,122 localities and data from 1815 to 2017. Most studies were conducted in the Florestas de Interior (1,510 localities) and Serra do Mar (1,280 localities) biogeographic sub-regions. Considering the three main quantitative methods (mist net, point count, and line transect), we compiled abundance data for 745 species in 576 communities. In the data set, the most frequent species were Basileuterus culicivorus, Cyclaris gujanensis, and Conophaga lineata. There were 71 singletons, such as Lipaugus conditus and Calyptura cristata. We suggest that this small number of records reinforces the critical situation of these taxa in the Atlantic Forest. The information provided in this data set can be used for macroecological studies and to foster conservation strategies in this biodiversity hotspot. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Data Paper if data are used in publications and teaching events. © 2017 by the Ecological Society of Americ